Reelin expression is upregulated following ocular tissue injury

Purpose Reelin is important in the guidance of neuronal stem cells in the central nervous system during normal development. We wished to determine whether reelin is expressed in the retina and cornea after injury. Methods Mice underwent laceration of their retina as well as corneal epithelial debridement. The mice were sacrificed at 3 days, and eyes were fixed and stained for reelin expression and reelin messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Results In normal eyes, reelin was expressed only at very low levels in the ganglion cell layer of the retina and the endothelial cell layer of the cornea. In injured eyes, there was marked expression in reelin immunoreactivity in the retina and cornea. Reelin gene expression was seen in the retina and cornea. Conclusions Reelin is expressed during normal retinogenesis. This study shows that reelin is also upregulated following injury to the retina and cornea. The expression of reelin following injury suggests that reelin may play an important role in regulating stem cell trafficking in neuronal and nonneuronal tissues following injury similar to its role in normal organogenesis. For consideration of publication in Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视的并发症

为分析准分子激光角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）治疗近视的并发症，对１３９例（２５７眼）ＰＲＫ术后随访半年至一年。结果表明：术后一年，低中度和高度组各有１眼最佳矫正视力丢失二行，分别占２．５％和３．３％；低中度和高度组的角膜上皮下１级混浊分别为１０．８１％和１５．１６％，２级混浊分别为２．７３％和０％；激素性高眼压，在发生率最高的３个月时，可分别达２４．３７％和２５．３２％，但这种反应性的眼压升高只是暂时的，容易控制；过矫和散光增加的发生率均较低，主要与术者的经验有关。随着术者经验的提高、手术设计的完善及术后用药的研究，这些并发症会降到最低水平。ＰＲＫ是安全、有效的。     

角膜移植术护理探讨

以１５例角膜移植术的护理实践，总结出该手术的护理常规，并对本组病例中发生的并发症的护理进行了讨论，强调护士密切观察病情，有效地处理并嫌下对手术成功的重要性。     

WYJQ角膜曲率计的研制

本文介绍了一种新研制的角膜曲率计。它是根据Ｂａｕｃｈ＆Ｌｏｍｂ型原理设计的，可测量角膜前曲率半径和角膜屈光度。     

表面角膜镜片术治疗儿童外伤性白内障术后无晶体眼

本文报告了１０例儿童外伤性白内障术后无晶体眼，不适宜作人工晶体植入而接受了表面角膜镜片术。术后角膜屈光力平均增加９．２５Ｄ，裸眼视力均达０．２以上，矫正视力在０．４￣０．８之间，并恢复了双眼单视功能且矫正了弱视。经１￣３年追踪观察，表面角膜镜片保持透明，视力稳定且未出现并发症。结果表明该手术是一项近年来逐渐发展起来的操作简便、安全可靠、疗效确切的屈光性角膜手术。     

角膜内皮细胞损伤后早期超微结构改变

目的：了解角膜内皮细胞损伤的超微结构特征及其临床意义。方法：对20只成年灰兔进行定量角膜内皮细胞损伤,伤后定期进行眼部裂隙灯检查、角膜厚度及眼压测定,预期取角膜材料进行透射电镜和扫描电镜检查。结果：角膜内皮细胞损伤后1天可见细胞膜破损,细胞肿胀,细胞器颗粒粗大;伤后3天内皮细胞崩解,胞质脱落,胞核裸露,伤后5天出现细胞缺损区,膜脂降解聚积而形成脂质球,附着于细胞缺损区,角膜上皮细胞音隙增宽;伤后7天角膜内皮细胞移行修复细胞缺损区;伤后9天后内皮细胞异形明显。上皮细胞出现变性。角膜混浊与角膜厚度呈正相关,眼压增高者角膜厚度增加,内皮细胞损伤加重。结论：超微结构结果提示,角膜内皮细胞受损后细胞崩解似科是必然的结局。动态测定角膜厚度可以判断角膜内皮细胞损伤的程度,控制眼压是预防内皮细胞损伤加重的重要措施之一。     

Cellular dynamics of corneal wound re-epithelialization in the rat. I. Fate of ocular surface epithelial cells synthesizing DNA prior to wounding

The fate of ocular surface epithelial cells in response to injury of the cornea was examined. Corneal epithelial cells were labeled during DNA synthesis with [3H]thymidine 1 h prior to wounding. A 3-mm diameter epithelial defect was made in the center of the rat cornea, with the basement membrane remaining intact. Within 12 h of abrasion, labeled cells were detected in the regenerating surface. At 18 h, there was a 2.7- and 17-fold increase of labeled basal and suprabasal cells, respectively, in the epithelium adjacent to the wound, and at 24 and 30 h there was an excessive number of cell layers (up to 7) at the margin of the abrasion. Re-epithelialization progressed as a gradient of cell layers that became diminished towards the center of the wound. Completion of layers 1, 2, 3, and 4 were recorded at 24, 30, 36, and 72 h, respectively. No changes in the labeling index of the limbus or conjunctiva were noted. These results suggest that processes of centripetal and vertical migration, as well as events related to cell division, in the uninjured corneal surface are not impeded by wounding of the corneal epithelium. However, wound healing appears to require cells with a basal phenotype, presumably because of this cell type's migratory capability.     

紫外线对角膜内抗氧化酶mRNA表达的影响

为了进一步从基因水平探讨紫外线的损伤机制,我们采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法,用紫外线照射大鼠角膜,检测大鼠角膜内三种抗氧化酶;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,铜锌－超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶ｍＲＮＡ的表达。结果显示,照射早期,三种抗氧化酶ｍＲＮＡ表达均升高,ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ和ＳＯＤ的表达高点为照射５ｍｉｎ,ＣＡＴ的表达高点为照射２ｍｉｎ照射晚期,照射１５ｍｉｎ,三种酶的ｍＲＮＡ表达明显下降,照射后４８ｈ,三种抗氧化酶的表     

First experiences with HLA-matched corneal grafts in high risk cases

In highly vascularized corneas the number of graft failures caused by irreversible rejections is higher than in non- or slightly vascularized corneas. The importance of antigen compatibility is demonstrated, especially in these high risk cases.Ten highly vascularized corneas were grafted with HLA-matched donor material; only one reversible rejection was seen in this group.Nine non- or slightly vascularized corneas were grafted with donor material chosen at random. Retrospective HLA matching was performed. Three irreversible rejections were seen in this group. The number of HLA incompatibilities was high.     

兔角膜碱烧伤的病理学研究

目的:通过兔角膜碱烧伤模型,观察烧伤后角膜组织在不同时期的病理学变化。方法:选取15只健康新西兰雄性白兔,制作角膜碱烧伤模型。依据取材时间将其随机分成5组:分别于烧伤后1周、2周、3周、6周取材,做光镜观察。结果:角膜碱烧伤后1周内上皮修复,炎症细胞2周后开始浸润,在第3周角膜再次脱落,6周时淋巴细胞较多。结论:兔角膜碱烧伤后,产生的碱性物质及炎症反应均对角膜造成了损害。