朝鲜淫羊藿酸性多糖的理化特性及对HepG2细胞脂质堆积的改善作用＊

目的 对比研究朝鲜淫羊藿酸性多糖酯化还原前后的理化特性，并探讨其改善油酸诱导的肝癌HepG2细胞脂质堆积活性的差异。方法 采用高效凝胶渗透色谱法测定朝鲜淫羊藿酸性多糖（EFPA）的均一性和分子量，高效液相色谱法测定EFPA和酯化还原后朝鲜淫羊藿酸性多糖（EFPA-R）的单糖组成；采用油酸（OA）处理HepG2细胞诱导建立脂质蓄积模型，不同浓度EFPA与EFPA-R（10、30、100、300 μg·mL^-1）分别和OA共同作用于细胞24 h，采用CCK-8试剂盒测定细胞存活率，油红O染色观察细胞内脂滴蓄积情况，并采用试剂盒测定细胞内总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）含量。结果 EFPA为成分均一的多糖组分，分子量为125.8 kDa，由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖醛酸和阿拉伯糖组成，摩尔比为1.7∶7.4∶1.4∶1.8∶1.0，葡萄糖占比最大，EFPA-R由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖组成，摩尔比为0.8∶10.6∶2.1∶1.0；在10-300 μg·mL^-1范围内，EFPA和EFPA-R对HepG2细胞的抑制作用较弱，作为给药浓度；与空白组相比，模型组细胞中TC、TG含量显著升高（P < 0.01），细胞内红色脂滴显著增多，与模型组相比，EFPA可显著降低细胞中TC、TG含量（P < 0.01），明显减少细胞内红色脂滴（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），EFPA-R干预后细胞则无明显变化。结论 EFPA可明显改善HepG2细胞脂质堆积情况，且呈现剂量依赖性，而半乳糖醛酸（GalA）的存在可能是其抑制HepG2细胞脂质蓄积的关键因素。     

Neuronal regeneration after application of radiofrequency energy to collagenous tissue is affected by limb immobilization: an in vivo animal study.

Despite widespread use of radiofrequency (RF)-shrinkage, there have been no studies on the influence of RF-energy on neural elements of collagenous tissue. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of RF-shrinkage on neural structures of capsuloligamentous tissue and the recovery of neural elements under different postoperative treatment protocols. One patellar tendon of 46 New-Zealand-White rabbits was shrunk. Six rabbits were sacrificed immediately postoperative. Twenty rabbits were not immobilized, 10 were immobilized for 3 and 10 were immobilized for 6 weeks. A monoclonal antibody, specific against a neurofilament protein, was used to detect nerves and neural structures. Staining pattern of nerve fibres was significantly altered immediately postoperative. After 3 weeks the number of nerve fibres and bundles decreased significantly in immobilized and non-immobilized limbs. The loss of nerve fibres was significantly less in immobilized limbs. At 6 weeks the number of neural elements in immobilized limbs increased to the level of untreated control tissue. In non-immobilized limbs we found no recovery of neural elements 9 weeks postoperatively. At this time the number of nerve fibres and bundles was still significantly less compared to the untreated control limbs. RF-shrinkage causes significant alteration of neural elements. Under immobilization nerve fibres and bundles reach the level of normal untreated tissue. Careful rehabilitation is important after RF-shrinkage. Not only for biomechanical reasons, but also to allow the neural elements to recover, thermally modified tissue should be protected from normal physiologic loads.     

包膜囊上再置乳房假体隆乳术

目的探究隆乳术后包膜囊挛缩的手术治疗方法。方法采用原切口(腋窝顶或乳房皱襞下)，对隆乳后包膜挛缩者采用包膜囊保留并在其浅层再置人假体的方法进行治疗。结果治疗12例14侧乳房包膜囊挛缩症均取得良好效果。结论保留挛缩的包膜囊并在其浅层置人假体的乳房假体包膜囊挛缩治疗术具有创伤小、出血少、操作简便、安全性高、复发率低、并可通过腋窝顶小切口完成等优点，是治疗乳房假体包膜囊挛缩的较好方法。     

当归多糖及其中性组分对巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α的影响

目的 :观察当归多糖 (ASP)及其中性组分 (ASP 1)在体内外对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞 (MФ)分泌TNF α的影响。方法 :直接制取小鼠腹腔MФ ,与ASP及ASP 1共同培养 16h ;ASP及ASP 112 5、2 5 0mg kg经口灌胃给药 7d ,于第 7d制取MФ ,体外培养 16h ,分别观察ASP及ASP 1在体外均可显著增强MФ对TNF α的分泌。ASP及ASP 1体内给药无直接诱导MФ分泌TNF α的功能。结论 :ASP及ASP 1在体内外均可增强小鼠腹腔MФ分泌TNF α的功能。     

螺旋藻多糖对人宫颈癌Hela细胞体外生长的影响

目的：探讨螺旋藻多糖（PSP）对体外培养的Hela细胞生长的影响。方法：采用MTT法测定 PSP的抗肿瘤活性，并观察其对Hela细胞形态学的影响。结果：随PSP浓度的升高，Hela细胞存活率逐渐降低，抑制率逐渐增加；光镜下观察显示，PSP作用24-48h后，细胞出现明显的形态学改变。结论：PSP能抑制Hela细胞增殖。     

海带多糖的抗辐射作用与脾细胞凋亡

目的 :探讨海带多糖 (LJP)抗辐射作用及其可能机理。方法 :将Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和 4个不同剂量LJP实验组 ,灌胃 1 0d后行一次性γ射线辐射 ,每只 9.0Gy ,1 8h后测定各组大鼠体液免疫、细胞免疫、非特异性免疫相关指标及脾淋巴细胞凋亡率。结果 :模型组免疫指标明显低于正常对照组 ,LJP各组能显著调节辐射损伤大鼠的免疫功能 ,脾淋巴细胞凋亡率显著低于模型组 ,并呈现明显的剂量 效应关系。结论 :LJP抗辐射作用的可能机理之一是抑制免疫细胞凋亡     

生脉散多糖的组成及其初级结构分析

目的：研究复方中药制剂中多糖与单方多糖之间的组成关系，以及生脉散多糖的初级结构分析。方法：提取和精制了生脉散（SMS）单方药材红参、麦冬、五味子中多糖成分；然后采用Sephadex G-75柱层析分离纯化SMS多糖，得一浅黄色SMS多糖纯品，经紫外光谱、Sephadex G－200凝胶柱层析和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测证明为均一组分。同时采用Sephadex G-200凝胶柱层析，测得SMS多糖组成。运用TLC法和HPLC法测定了SMS多糖纯品的单糖组成；并采用IR，高碘酸氧化和Smith降解推知其初级结构。结果：SMS多糖由红参多糖，麦冬多糖和五味子多糖所组成，其中含有葡萄糖、L－鼠李糖、D－木糖、D－果糖、半乳糖和乳糖等多种单糖，主要糖苷键为α－构型；多糖糖苷键以1→4连接键为主，1→3为次。结论：首次报道了生脉散多糖的组成及其初级结构分析。     

党参多糖介导Nrf2通路对缺氧缺血性脑损伤的抗氧化和神经保护作用

目的　研究党参多糖对缺氧缺血性脑损伤的抗氧化和神经保护作用及其机制。 方法　采用Rice法建立HIBI模型。假手术组和模型组灌胃给予生理盐水，模型加药组灌胃给予党参多糖。分别进行神经功能学评分，观察脑积水量，脑组织病理学改变，神经元细胞凋亡情况，脑组织脂质过氧化物水平，抗氧化和神经保护相关蛋白表达水平。 结果　党参多糖能显著改善模型大鼠神经功能、脑水肿（P<0.01）和病理改变，降低细胞凋亡率（P<0.01）和Bax表达（P<0.01），降低LDH和MDA含量（P<0.01）；同时，上调Bcl-2表达（P<0.01）和SOD活性（P<0.01），增加bFGF、BDNF、PSD95、SYP、Nrf2和HO-1表达（P<0.01）。 结论　党参多糖对缺氧缺血性脑损伤具有抗氧化和神经保护作用，可能与介导Nrf2信号通路相关。     

Anticoagulant Activity of Fucoidan from Brown Algae Fucus evanescens of the Okhotsk Sea

In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that anticoagulant activity of sulfated polysaccharide from Fucus evanescens (brown algae of the Okhotsk Sea) was similar to that of heparin. Anticoagulant properties of fucoidan are determined by thrombin inhibition mediated via plasma antithrombin III.     

After chemotherapy,functional humoral response capacity is restored before complete restoration of lymphoid compartments

Chemotherapy has, besides the beneficial effects, several adverse effects. Suppression of the immune system is one of the most important problems. Infections caused by encapsulated bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae are responsible for a major part of infectious problems during and after treatment. The splenic marginal zone is essential in the initiation of an immune response to encapsulated bacteria. In this study, we analysed the effects of three different cytostatic agents on humoral immune responses. We found a reduced, but detectable immune response capacity at two days after treatment although the marginal zone B cell population is severely reduced at this time point. Twenty-four days after cessation of treatment, the immune response capacity was largely restored although lymphoid compartments were still not completely restored at that time point. Apparently, the presence of only few marginal zone B cells is sufficient to evoke a rise in antibody titres and although antibody titre increases are low, even small rises are most likely clinically relevant.