Modulation of infection-induced inflammation and locomotive deficit and longevity in senescence-accelerated mice-prone (SAMP8) model by the oligomerized polyphenol Oligonol.

Oligonol is produced from the oligomerization of polyphenols (typically proanthocyanidin from a variety of fruits such as lychees, grapes, apples, persimmons, etc.) and contains catechin-type monomers and oligomers of proanthocyanidins. The ability of Oligonol to affect infection-dependent eye inflammation, locomotion and longevity in senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8) (a model of senescence acceleration and geriatric disorders with increased oxidative stress and neuronal deficit) was investigated. Oligonol (60mg/kg) significantly modulated the extent of inflammation scores in the eye of SAMP8 mice. Examination of the mice indicated infection with mouse hepatitis virus and pinworm (Syphacia obvelata) in both males and females and with the intestinal protozoa (trichomonad) in males. A comparison of the two groups (using log-rank test) and the difference in the mean life span between groups (using Student's t-test) indicated significant differences in survival (p=0.043) and the mean life span (p=0.033) in male SAMP8 mice. Oligonol increased the mean life span and this was statistically significant. In the open-field locomotive test, the 7-week-old SAMP8 mice crossed more than 40 partitioned lines in 1min. At 48-week-old control untreated male SAMP8 crossed 2 lines. The Oligonol-treated 48-week-old male SAMP8 mice crossed 17 lines however. The improved locomotive activity was statistically significant even after 36weeks in the Oligonol-treated male SAMP8 but this was not the case throughout the time course of the study in the Oligonol-treated female SAMP8. Thus Oligonol treatment to SAMP8 mice modulated the severity of infection-dependent inflammation, prolonged life-span and significantly improved locomotive activity indicating potential benefit to aging-associated diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases. This presents potential for further research to define infection-dependent inflammation associated with degenerative conditions and the molecular mechanism of dietary antioxidant protection.     

三七中人参皂甙对老年鼠血液中抗氧化酶活力影响的研究

对５８例实验小鼠模型的研究以期为三七中人参皂甙单体Ｒｂ１及Ｒｇ１的抗衰老作用提供实验依据,探讨其抗衰老的机理。２０月抗衰老实验组小鼠分别按９０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重给予三七个参皂甙Ｒｂ１,Ｒｇ１,连续给药３０ｄ,断头取血测工细胞超氧化物睦化酶（ＳＯＤ）及过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）。     

蛋白质芯片用于筛选脂肪来源干细胞抗衰老成分的初步研究

目的：筛选脂肪来源干细胞（ ASCs）可能的抗衰老成分。方法采用生物素标记蛋白质芯片技术检测ASCs和成纤维细胞的蛋白成分,采用芯片分析软件提取数据,获得的数据采用AAH－BLG－1数据分析软件作统计分析。结果 ASCs与成纤维细胞相比,肝细胞增殖因子（ HGF）、成纤维细胞生长因子（ FGF）、血管内皮生长因子（ VEGF）等60种相关蛋白质明显上调或下调。结论生物素蛋白质芯片共检测出60种表达量有明显差异的蛋白,证实这些蛋白可能参与了ASCs抗衰老的作用过程。蛋白芯片有助于研究脂肪干细胞抗衰老机制,为进一步研究提供了研究方向。     

Protein kinases as targets for interventive biogerontology: overview and perspectives

Protein kinases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of γ phosphate from adenosine triphosphate to substrate proteins, and are important signal transduction mediators in a diversity of biological processes, ranging from apoptosis to energy metabolism. In this article, we will take this prominent class of proteins as an example to illustrate the involvement of proteins in modulation of aging and to highlight the prospects and challenges of protein-targeted interventions for anti-aging purposes. It is hoped that through this article, more empirical work on interventive gerontology will follow, and with collaborative endeavors among researchers, hurdles in anti-aging intervention development can be overcome in the near future.     

人脐带间充质干细胞用于衰老相关疾病治疗的研究进展

随着干细胞移植技术的发展,通过输入干细胞进行抗衰老治疗或治疗退行性疾病成为人们研究的热点。人脐带间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,HUCMSCs)是一种存在于脐带沃顿胶以及血管周围组织中的独特前体细胞,具有自我更新和多向分化潜能。目前大量科学研究显示HUCMSCs通过再生和修复衰老的细胞、组织和器官达到抗衰老作用。该文对HUCMSCs的生物学特性、组织再生修复作用和抗衰老治疗机制的研究进展进行了详细回顾,并对目前HUCMSCs临床前研究现况进行了总结,提示HUCMSCs是一种具有良好应用潜力和价值的干细胞类型。     

山药多糖延缓秀丽隐杆线虫衰老的药效评价及作用机制研究

目的：基于秀丽隐杆线虫模型考察山药多糖的抗衰老药效并探究其作用机制。方法：基于秀丽隐杆线虫模型,利用寿命、咽泵频率、身体活动频率、脂褐素荧光、抗压性实验、活性氧荧光、抗氧化酶活性等指标考察山药多糖的抗衰老药理活性;通过转录组数据分析,探究山药多糖的抗衰老药效机制。结果：山药多糖可以显著延长线虫的寿命,缓解衰老过程中咽泵频率以及身体活动频率的下降,降低衰老过程中脂褐素及活性氧积累并提高线虫的抗压能力和抗氧化活性。转录组学京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析发现,内分泌系统、细胞的生长和凋亡通路发生了显著的变化。山药多糖调控了30个与衰老相关的基因表达,且差异基因主要显著富集在自噬、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)及胰岛素信号通路。结论：山药多糖具有抗衰老药理活性,转录组学数据揭示这种抗衰老作用可能与自噬、mTOR及胰岛素信号通路有关。     

艾灸对衰老过程中下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的调节作用研究

衰老是机体各组织、器官功能随增龄而发生的退行性变化,是任何生命过程不可抗拒的必然规律。在衰老的现代医学研究中,神经内分泌尤其是下丘脑-垂体-性腺(HPG)轴的紊乱衰老是衰老学说的重要内容。艾灸作为延年保健、补肾抗衰老的重要方法,在调节神经内分泌方面具有独特优势。现以机体衰老过程中HPG轴的变化为线索,对近10年艾灸治疗衰老性疾病的相关文献进行综述,探讨艾灸补肾抗衰老的现代物质基础,为艾灸在临床中治疗衰老性疾病提供新的思路和理论依据。     

Analysis of potential anti-aging beverage Pru,a traditional Cuban refreshment,by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and FTICR tandem mass spectrometry

Aging has been established as a major risk factor for prevalent diseases and hence, the development of anti-aging medicines is of great importance. Recently, herbal fermented beverages have emerged as a promising source of potential anti-aging drug. Pru, a traditional Cuban refreshment produced by decoction and fermentation of multispecies plants with sugar, has been consumed for many years and is claimed to have multiple medicinal properties. Besides the traditional method, Pru is also manufactured industrially. The present study analyzed the major components of both traditional Pru (TP) and industrial Pru (IP) to reveal their potential application in promoting the health span. We performed desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) and acquired mass spectra by scanning over the 50–1200 m/z range in both positive and negative ion modes. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was performed for validating the compound assignments. Three important compounds were identified by comparing the MS and MS/MS spectra with reported literature and the online database. One of the identified compounds, gluconic acid, was found to be the most abundant shared metabolite between TP and IP whereas the other two compounds, magnoflorine and levan were exclusively detected in TP. The present study is the first report of component profiling in Cuban traditional and industrial Pru using DESI-MS and FTICR MS/MS, and reveals the potential application of Pru as a health-promoting agent.     

菊花提取物抗衰老作用的实验研究

观察了菊花提取物对果蝇寿命、脂褐素含量及小鼠耐缺氧能力、游泳耐力和小鼠自发活动的影响。     

康欣口服液对老年小鼠脑线粒体DNA缺失突变影响的实验研究

目的:研究康欣口服液对Balb/c小鼠脑线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失突变的影响。方法:近交系Balb/c小鼠,分为青年组(6周),中年组(6个月),老年组(14个月)各10只,提取小鼠脑组织的mtDNA,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术扩增缺失型的mtDNA片段,以证实老年组小鼠脑组织中存在mtDNA缺失。近交系Balb/c老年小鼠分别灌胃给予生理盐水(老年空白对照组),康欣口服液(老年康欣口服液组),连续四个月后处死,提取脑组织的mtDNA,PCR技术分别扩增野生型和缺失型的mtDNA片段,运用凝胶成像仪进行光密度扫描,比较两组缺失型mtDNA/野生型mtDNA的光密度比值。结果:近交系老年Balb/c小鼠脑mtDNA中存在明显的片段缺失,而在中年组与青年组中未检测到相同片段的缺失。与老年空白对照组相比,康欣口服液能显著降低老年Balb/c小鼠mtDNA的缺失率(P<0.001)。结论:mtDNA的缺失突变随年龄而积累,康欣口服液可以抑制老年小鼠脑mtDNA的缺失。