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排序方式: 共有121条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
目的了解我市HIV、HCV、HBsAg、梅毒在一般献血人群的感染情况,确保输血安全。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗-HIV、抗-HCV、HBsAg、RPR和TRUST试验检测梅毒。结果在献血人群中HBsAg阳性率为5.36%;抗-HCV阳性率为1.35%;梅毒阳性率为0.42%。结论多次献血者HBsAg检测阳性率较低;有献血浆史的献血者抗-HCV检测阳性显著高于一般人群。 相似文献
2.
目的:了解有偿和无偿献者HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV I/II测定结果。方法:均采用酶联吸附试验(ELISA)法。结果:有偿和无偿献血者之HBsAg阳性率分别为2.39%和3.32%,抗-HCV阳性率分别为4.81%和2.89%,抗-HIV I/II结果均为阴性。结论:有偿与无偿献血者之间的HBsAg和抗-HCV阳性率比较均有显著性差异(t值分别为2.8633和2.3638,P<0.05)。 相似文献
3.
M. Stegagno G. Ippolito F. Costa M. L. Aebischer E. Guzzanti 《European journal of epidemiology》1993,9(4):430-435
A prevalence assessment of HIV infection among parturients was performed in order to estimate the future incidence of pediatric AIDS cases and obtain data on the trend of the infection in Italy.Consecutive whole blood samples from newborns collected on filter paper from all regions of Italy (October-December 1990) for routine metabolic screenings, were anonymously examined for HIV-1 antibodies by an ELISA technique. Positive results were confirmed by Western blot.Among 97,658 blood samples tested, 121 (0.124%, 95% confidence interval Poisson distribution 0.103–0.148) were positive. A high prevalence of HIV infection (> 0.2%) was observed in four regions from North and Central Italy while, in some regions in the South, the seroprevalence was ten times lower. In the Lazio Region, namely in Rome, 5 inner-city hospitals with a particularly high prevalence of HIV infection were identified.Assuming that the prevalence of HIV infection observed in the population in this study may reflect the infection rate in the total population of childbearing women, we estimate that approximately 700 newborn babies were delivered from HIV-positive mothers in Italy during 1990. The identification of high prevalence areas could allow for the development of targeted testing programs to plan and provide adequate counselling and care of HIV-infected women and their infants.U. Angeloni (Roma), I. Antonozzi (Roma), R. Beghini (Verona), S. Carta (Roma), R. Ciannainea (Lecce), L. Chiovato (Tirrenia), V.D. Dainato (Foggia), G.C. Fiorucci (Torino), R. attei (Siena), A. Bracco (Napoli), A. Misserini (Taranto), E. Pasquini (Firenze), S. Piazzi (Bologna), L. Piceni-Sereni (Milano), A. Pignero (Napoli), C. Pintor (Cagliari), G. Pugliese (Potenza), C. Romano (Genova), V. Rossolini (Fano). 相似文献
4.
血液制品丙肝病毒与艾滋病毒检测 总被引:22,自引:12,他引:10
目的了解1993~1995年度临床使用的新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP)和血液制品中艾滋病毒(HIV)、丙肝病毒(HCV)的感染情况。方法用ELISA、WB和PCR对110批FFP、人血丙种球蛋白、人血白蛋白检测了抗HCV、HCVRNA、抗HIV(1+2)、HIV-1RNA。结果所有血制品抗HCV的平均阳性率为19.1%,HCVRNA为17.3%;1993~1994年度FFP的抗HCVHCVRNA阳性率比1995年度高(30%、26%和0.5%);人血丙球的抗HCV和HCVRNA阳性率明显高于人血白蛋白(30%、20%和0.5%);89批抗HCV阴性血制品HCVRNA的阳性率为5.6%,所有血制品的抗HIV(1+2)和HIV-1RNA均阴性。结论1993~1995年度临床上所使用的血制品,特别是1993~1994年度的FFP,有传播HCV的危险,这与当时没有对所有供血者进行抗HCV筛检有关。 相似文献
5.
6.
综述HIV1蛋白酶抑制剂前药的研究进展。HIV1蛋白酶抑制剂前药是以HIV1蛋白酶抑制剂为母体,通过引入亲脂性或亲水性基团等结构修饰而得到的一类药物前体,尤其是基于蛋白酶抑制剂和逆转录酶抑制剂为母体药物设计的“双药”型抗HIV1前药,它们能在体内水解释放出母体药物,从而提高母体药物活性及生物利用度,降低其耐药性或交叉耐药性。 相似文献
7.
Fullerene derivatives: an attractive tool for biological applications 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
The fullerene family, and especially C60, has very appealing photo-, electro-chemical and physical properties, which can be exploited in many and different biological fields. Fullerene is able to fit inside the hydrophobic cavity of HIV proteases, inhibiting the access of substrates to the catalytic site of the enzyme. It can be used as radical scavenger; in fact some water-soluble derivatives are able to reduce ROS concentrations. At the same time, if exposed to light, fullerene can produce singlet oxygen in high quantum yields. This action, together with the direct electron transfer from excited state of fullerene and DNA bases, can be used to cleave DNA. In this review we report the most recent aspects of fullerene biological applications. 相似文献
8.
Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation by CMR Predict Cardiovascular Outcome in People Living With HIV
《JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging》2021,14(8):1548-1557
ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to examine prognostic relationships between cardiac imaging measures and cardiovascular outcome in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).BackgroundPLWH have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and heart failure (HF) compared with the noninfected population. The pathophysiological drivers of myocardial dysfunction and worse cardiovascular outcome in HIV remain poorly understood.MethodsThis prospective observational longitudinal study included consecutive PLWH on long-term HAART undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination for assessment of myocardial volumes and function, T1 and T2 mapping, perfusion, and scar. Time-to-event analysis was performed from the index CMR examination to the first single event per patient. The primary endpoint was an adjudicated adverse cardiovascular event (cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, an appropriate device discharge, or a documented HF hospitalization).ResultsA total of 156 participants (62% male; age [median, interquartile range]: 50 years [42 to 57 years]) were included. During a median follow-up of 13 months (9 to 19 months), 24 events were observed (4 HF deaths, 1 sudden cardiac death, 2 nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, 1 appropriate device discharge, and 16 HF hospitalizations). Patients with events had higher native T1 (median [interquartile range]: 1,149 ms [1,115 to 1,163 ms] vs. 1,110 ms [1,075 to 1,138 ms]); native T2 (40 ms [38 to 41 ms] vs. 37 ms [36 to 39 ms]); left ventricular (LV) mass index (65 g/m2 [49 to 77 g/m2] vs. 57 g/m2 [49 to 64 g/m2]), and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (109 pg/l [25 to 337 pg/l] vs. 48 pg/l [23 to 82 pg/l]) (all p < 0.05). In multivariable analyses, native T1 was independently predictive of adverse events (chi-square test, 15.9; p < 0.001; native T1 [10 ms] hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.20 [1.08 to 1.33]; p = 0.001), followed by a model that also included LV mass (chi-square test, 17.1; p < 0.001). Traditional cardiovascular risk scores were not predictive of the adverse events.ConclusionsOur findings reveal important prognostic associations of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and LV remodeling in PLWH. These results may support development of personalized approaches to screening and early intervention to reduce the burden of HF in PLWH (International T1 Multicenter Outcome Study; NCT03749343). 相似文献
9.
高效抗逆转录病毒治疗15例人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者一年总结 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
目的 首次报道我国于1999年5月开始对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-1感染者的规范化高效抗逆转录病毒治疗。方法 用齐多夫定+拉米夫定(AZT+3TC,商品名:双汰芝)联合硫酸茚地那韦(indinavir,商品名:佳息患)对15例HIV感染或艾滋病患者进行为期1年的治疗。随访指标为病毒载量和T淋巴细胞亚群分析。结果 15例随访1年,用药3个月后HIV-1 RNA平均值至198拷贝/ml,比治疗前的90743RNA拷贝/ml下降2.7log。用药后12个月CD4细胞计数平均增加67个/μl,CD8细胞计数平均减少192个/μl,CD4/CD8比例从0.35增加到0.56,15例中2例未作T淋巴细胞亚群分类,13例治疗后3、6、9、12个月CD4^ 童贞细胞(CD45RA+CD62L+)数呈现平稳上升趋势,在治疗1年时平均升高42个/μl。而CD8^ 童贞细胞(CD45RA+CD62L+)数平均升高19个/μl。所有患者用药后出现消化道反应,3例出现一过性黄疸,2例出现泌尿系结石。结论 与国外临床报道的治疗效果相一致,15例HIV-1不同阶段感染者经治疗后病毒载量水平明显降低,CD4平均细胞数有所增加,在具有不同病毒基因亚型的病例显示同样的治疗效果。 相似文献
10.
目的用细胞共培养和流式细胞仪检测建立新型抗HIV-1药物筛选方法,并判断这种方法在筛选抗HIV-1药物中的应用前景。方法把JLTRG细胞和H9/HTLV-ⅢB细胞按照不同比例共培养24,48,72和96h。在荧光显微镜下观察细胞绿色荧光强度和密度,同时用流式细胞仪测定绿色荧光的表达,并确定培养体系中最佳细胞比例和培养时间。通过选出的最佳条件结合药物半衰期检测恩夫韦肽(T20)和依非韦伦(EFV)的有效性及药物半数抑制量(IC50)。采用HIV-1P24抗原荧光定量PCR法检测病毒载量,并采用Spearman秩相关性分析法判断其与药物浓度及平均荧光强度之间的相关性。结果实验结果显示,JLTRG细胞与H9/HTLV—ⅢB细胞按照10:1的细胞数量比例共培养72h为最佳培养比例和时间。以T20和EFV对共培养体系进行验证,结果显示随着T20和EFV浓度的改变,共培养体系中JLTRG细胞感染HIV-1的程度不同,其IC50分别为10nmol/L和5nmol/L。T20和EFV药物浓度与平均荧光强度以及病毒载量呈负相关(r=-1,-0.986和-1,-l,P〈0.01);平均荧光强度与病毒载量呈正相关(r=0.986和l,P〈0.01)。结论本研究建立的新型抗HIV一1药物筛选方法具有耗时短、操作方便等优点,可为抗HIV-1药物的筛选提供新的选择。 相似文献