羊膜建库及其临床应用研究

目的 :制备与保存羊膜 (Amnioticmembrane,AM ) ,为临床移植治疗眼表泪液 (Ocularsur face&Teardisease ,OSTD)提供新鲜羊膜 (Freshamnioticmembrane ,FSAM )、冻干羊膜 (Frozenam nioticmembrane ,FZAM )并观察其眼表重建的特点与临床疗效。方法 :采用目前国际公认的羊膜制备与保存方法 ,制备FSAM、FZAM并进行保存研究 ,经组织染色和电子显微镜检查 ,观察保存羊膜的形态及其活性 ;并将FSAM、FZAM应用于 12例OSTD患者 ,行患眼FSAM或FZAM移植术。通过术后印迹细胞学追踪观察移植后AM上皮细胞存活与移行、替代时间 ,评估AM移植重建眼表的临床疗效。结果 :FSAM、FZAM在光镜和电镜下均与正常球结膜组织结构相近 ,主要结构为胶原纤维和网状纤维。 12例OSTD患者行羊膜移植术 (Amnioticmembranetransplantation ,AMT)后均未见明显急性排斥反应 ,术后 1～ 2周可见少量新生血管长入植片 ,AMT后印迹细胞学追踪检查 ,术后 3个月为阴性 ,4个月出现阳性反应。所有患者术后随访 5～ 18个月 ,平均 11个月 ,AM在术后 4～ 9个月逐渐溶解、消失 ,移植区眼表的色泽与结构基本恢复正常。结论 :FSAM、FZAM是目前理想的结膜替代材料并可有效地用于重建角、结膜表面 ,减轻炎症反应 ,减少新生血管的生成 ,抑制纤维组织增生 ,防止     

Regulation of Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 Production in an Amnion-derived Cell Line by Cytokines,Growth Factors,Glucocorticoids, and Phorbol Esters

PROBLEM: To determine whether amnion cells produce interleukin (IL)?6 and ?8 and thus may contribute to the high concentrations of these cytokines in amniotic fluid at term. METHOD OF STUDY: Amnion-derived WISH cells were treated in culture with stimuli over 16 hr, and IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations in the conditioned media were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or bioassay (IL-6 only). RESULTS: IL-8 production was ?5-fold higher than that of IL-6 under basal and stimulated conditions. Significant (by Dunnett's test after analysis of variance) stimulation of production of both cytokines was achieved by IL-1β (>0.2 ng/ml), TNFα (>10 ng/ml), and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (>2 nM), over a 16-hr culture period. Epidermal growth factor at 10 ng/ml induced a small increase in production of IL-8, but not of IL-6, whereas bacterial lipopolysaccharide had minimal effects on production of either cytokine. Basal and cytokine-stimulated IL-6 and IL-8 production was inhibited by dexamethasone at concentrations equal to or greater than 1 nM. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that amnion may be a significant contributor to the IL-6 and IL-8 content of amniotic fluid, and that WISH cells may be a suitable model for the study of cytokine production by amnion epithelial cells.     

羊膜移植联合小梁切除治疗难治性青光眼

目的探讨羊腰移植联合小梁切除治疗难治性青光眼的疗效。方法对24例25眼难治性青光眼进行羊膜移植联合小梁切除术后对眼压、滤泡、前房、视力进行3～7个月观察随访。结果术后3个月93．8％的眼压控制在8～20mmHg、6个月85．8％的眼压控制在8～20mmHg，5例5眼需局部加用降眼压药物。术后3个月23眼形成功能性滤泡，有效率为92％，6个月21眼形成功能性滤泡，有效率为91％，视力均有不同程度的改善，前房稳定。结论羊膜移植能有效防止滤过泡疤痕纤维化，是治疗难治性青光眼的简单、安全、有效方法。     

羊膜移植联合重组干扰素aIb滴眼预防翼状胬肉术后复发的临床观察

目的观察重组干扰素aIb滴眼液对翼状胬肉切除羊膜移植术后预防复发的效果。方法将105例翼状胬肉切除羊膜移植术后患者,分成50例治疗组,用重组干扰素aIb滴眼液滴眼,55例对照组用0.1%氟米龙滴眼液滴眼,两组均4~6次/d,约12d拆线,继续滴眼药水4~6周。结果术后经12~24个月,平均15个月随访,治疗组50例,无1例复发;对照组55例,复发6例,复发率10.9%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论重组干扰素aIb滴眼液能很好地抑制翼状胬肉成纤维细胞的增殖及新生血管生长,是翼状胬肉切除羊膜移植术后预防复发的理想辅助药物。     

Spread and Fate of Amniotic Fluid Cellular Content in the Middle Ear

In this study, 24 temporal bones with an age range from neonates to 23-month-old infants were serially sectioned and studied for the spread and fate of amniotic fluid cellular content (AFCC) in the middle ear and mastoid. Most children had had either a moderate or massive contamination. AFCC clusters were found to spread to all compartments, with the sites of predilection being the stapes region, the lower lateral attic and the tympanic isthmus. AFCC created an intensive foreign body giant cell reaction and the foreign material practically dissolved in 5 months as a result of the organization process. Tiny remnants of AFCC appeared as late as 15 months after birth. It seems likely that AFCC contamination predisposes the ears to recurring otitis media. The sequalae of the massive granulation tissue development involves obliteration of Prussak's space and its aeration routes, as well as blockage of the tympanic isthmus, leading to extensive disease in the major attic compartments.     

Human amnion epithelial cells expressing HLA-G as novel cell-based treatment for liver disease

Despite routine liver transplantation and supporting medical therapies, thousands of patients currently wait for an organ and there is an unmet need for more refined and widely available regenerative strategies to treat liver diseases. Cell transplants attempt to maximize the potential for repair and/or regeneration in liver and other organs. Over 40 years of laboratory pre-clinical research and 25 years of clinical procedures have shown that certain liver diseases can be treated by the infusion of isolated cells (hepatocyte transplant). However, like organ transplants, hepatocyte transplant suffers from a paucity of tissues useful for cell production. Alternative sources have been investigated, yet with limited success. The tumorigenic potential of pluripotent stem cells together with their primitive level of hepatic differentiation, have limited the use of stem cell populations.Stem cell sources from human placenta, and the amnion tissue in particular are receiving renewed interest in the field of regenerative medicine. Unlike pluripotent stem cells, human amnion epithelial (AE) cells are easily available without ethical or religious concerns; they do not express telomerase and are not immortal or tumorigenic when transplanted. In addition, AE cells have been reported to express genes normally expressed in mature liver, when transplanted into the liver. Moreover, because of the possibility of an immune-privileged status related to their expression of HLA-G, it might be possible to transplant human AE cells without immunosuppression of the recipient.     

羊膜移植及单纯胬肉切除治疗复发性翼状胬肉的疗效比较

目的：比较新鲜羊膜移植与单纯胬肉切除治疗复发性翼状胬肉的疗效。方法：对复发性翼状胬肉71例（74只眼）,随机分为A、B两组,A组38例,39只眼,行复发性翼状胬肉切除联合新鲜羊膜移植术。B组33例,35只眼,行单纯胬肉切除。手术后随访6-36个月。比较两组患者的症状、创伤愈合情况、胬肉复发情况。结果：A组39只眼中复发12只眼,复发率30．8％。B组35只眼中复发30例,复发率85．5％。结论：新鲜羊膜移植较单纯胬肉切除明显降低复发性翼状胬肉手术后复发率。     

不同术式对翼状胬肉的治疗观察

目的 比较翼状胬肉的常规切除+羊膜移植术(amniotic membrane transplantation,AMT)+联合丝裂霉素(MMC)(A组)及翼状胬肉的常规切除+自体角膜缘干细胞移植联合MMC(B组)进行治疗的疗效.方法 234例(239只眼),翼状胬患者随机分为两组,分别采用胬肉切除术+AMT联合MMC及翼状胬肉的常规切除+自体角膜缘干细胞移植联合MMC进行治疗,术后随访7～19个月比较复发率.结果 A组复发率3.25%,B组复发率4.31%,两组比较差异无统计学意义.结论 A组与B组效果均良好.