Genetic diversity of HLA system in a population from Guerrero,Mexico

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 144 Mexicans from the state of Guerrero to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the ten most frequent haplotypes in the state of Guerrero include eight Native American and two European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Guerrero are Native American (61.36 ± 2.69% by ML; 54.17% of Native American haplotypes) and European (35.01 ± 4.59% by ML; 32.29% of European haplotypes), and a relatively low African genetic component (3.63 ± 2.38% by ML; 5.90% of African haplotypes).     

Local ancestry at APOE modifies Alzheimer's disease risk in Caribbean Hispanics

IntroductionAlthough the relationship between APOE and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well established in populations of European descent, the effects of APOE and ancestry on AD risk in diverse populations is not well understood.MethodsLogistic mixed model regression and survival analyses were performed in a sample of 3067 Caribbean Hispanics and 3028 individuals of European descent to assess the effects of APOE genotype, local ancestry, and genome-wide ancestry on AD risk and age at onset.ResultsAmong the Caribbean Hispanics, individuals with African-derived ancestry at APOE had 39% lower odds of AD than individuals with European-derived APOE, after adjusting for APOE genotype, age, and genome-wide ancestry. While APOE E2 and E4 effects on AD risk and age at onset were significant in the Caribbean Hispanics, they were substantially attenuated compared with those in European ancestry individuals.DiscussionThese results suggest that additional genetic variation in the APOE region influences AD risk beyond APOE E2/E3/E4.     

静脉用药调配中心差错分析与防范

目的：对静配中心出现差错的原因进行总结,为今后进一步防范差错提供思路。方法：根据2012年2月-2013年11月我院静配中心差错登记本及工作量统计表,计算和比较各个不同时期的差错率,并对各配置环节出现的各类差错分类汇总,分析比较。结果：我院静配中心2012年2月-2013年11月共配置成品输液1124074袋,发生差错141袋,差错率为0.125‰,自运行以来差错发生率呈下降趋势,在各环节的各种差错中,退药处理失误、加药错误和用错注射器占有较大比例。结论：有针对性地采取一系列的防范措施可降低静配中心差错率,静配中心对于差错的防范是一项需要持续改进,常抓不懈的重要工作。     

抗肿瘤药物配制后稳定性探讨

检索中英文数据库,查阅有关文献,综述临床常用静脉用抗肿瘤药物配制后稳定的条件及时间,为临床安全用药提供参考。     

Genetic diversity of HLA system in a population sample from Aguascalientes,Mexico

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 95 Mexicans from the state of Aguascalientes to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium. We find that the most frequent haplotypes in the state of Aguascalientes include four Native American, three European and one Asian haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Aguascalientes are Native American (54.53 ± 3.22% by ML; 44.21% of Native American haplotypes) and European (44.34 ± 0.45% by ML; 40.53% of European haplotypes), and a relatively low African genetic component (1.13 ± 2.33% by ML; 5.26% of African haplotypes).     

Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Nuevo León,Mexico: Monterrey and rural Nuevo León

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 665 Mexicans from the state of Nuevo León living in the city of Monterrey (N = 226) and rural communities (N = 439), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes in the state of Nuevo León include 12 Native American and three European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Nuevo León are Native American (54.53 ± 0.87% by ML; 48.88% of Native American haplotypes) and European (38.67 ± 4.06% by ML; 32.59% of European haplotypes), and a less prominent African genetic component (6.80 ± 4.30% by ML; 8.26% of African haplotypes).     

Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Tlaxcala,Mexico: Tlaxcala city and rural Tlaxcala

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 1011 Mexicans from the state of Tlaxcala residing in the city of Tlaxcala (N = 181) and rural communities (N = 830), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the ten most frequent haplotypes in Tlaxcala are all of Native American origin. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components are Native American (75.13 ± 1.56% by ML; 69.24% based on of Native American haplotypes) and European (16.10 ± 4.98% by ML; 19.74% of European haplotypes), with a less prominent African genetic component (8.78 ± 4.09% by ML; 4.35% of African haplotypes).     

静脉药物调配中心工作人员工作满意度现状及影响因素分析

目的调查静脉药物调配中心(PIVAS)工作人员工作满意度情况,分析其工作满意度现状及影响因素。方法2018年3—5月采用随机抽样的方法在哈尔滨市4所三甲教学医院选取105名PIVAS工作人员为调查对象,采用明尼苏达工作满意度短式量表(MSQ)评价工作满意度,通过问卷调查的方法收集数据,并分析其工作满意度的影响因素。本次调查共发放105份问卷,回收有效问卷98份,有效回收率为93.33%。结果98名PIVAS工作人员的MSQ总体满意度标准化得分为(4.09±0.57)分;其中内部满意度维度为(4.13±0.59)分,外部满意度维度(4.03±0.65)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.217,P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,婚姻状况、工作年限是PIVAS工作人员工作满意度的影响因素。结论PIVAS工作人员外部满意度低于内部满意度,已婚和工作年限长的工作人员的满意度相对较低,建议PIVAS管理者要积极处理好工作人员之间的关系,重点关注已婚和工作年限长的工作人员的工作满意度。     

流程重组在静脉药物调配中心退药管理中的应用效果

目的探讨流程重组在静脉药物调配中心(PIVAS)退药管理中对护士的工作质量及效率的影响,以确保患者的用药安全。方法2017年9月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院PIVAS将流程重组运用在PIVAS退药工作,分别收集流程重组前(2016年8月—2017年8月)和流程重组后(2017年10月—2018年10月)我院PIVAS退药护士工作流程中存在的问题,分析比较流程重组前后PIVAS中护士的工作质量及效率。结果流程重组后PIVAS工作人员退药工作质量评价中,核对错误(91.79±4.03)分、复审错误(91.23±5.91)分、退药归位错误(92.83±4.03)分,均高于流程重组前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);重组后PIVAS工作人员日均消耗工时比较,审方(4.12±0.71)min、审药(4.07±0.67)min、退药(3.99±0.59)min,均短于流程重组前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在PIVAS退药工作中应用流程重组,可有效改善PIVAS流程,增强人员专业素质,提高PIVAS中工作人员的工作质量及效率,保障患者医疗安全。     

在静脉药物配制中心实施弹性排班的实践与体会

目的针对静脉药物配制中心工作性质以及工作流程的特殊性，对排班方法进行改革。方法根据不同时间段输液量的不同，在固定排班的基础上，实行按需工作制，合理利用和分配人力资源。结果有效解决了护士以往无法实行的公休假，保证了静脉药物配制中心的高效运转，满足了临床治疗的需要。结论科学、合理排班能最大限度地调动和利用人力资源。