Postoperative development of sarcopenia is a strong predictor of a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and upper gastric cancer

Background

There were few studies assessed the postoperative sarcopenia in patients with cancers. The objective of present study was to assess whether postoperative development of sarcopenia could predict a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction, (AEG) and upper gastric cancer (UGC).

Locally advanced cervical carcinoma patients treated with chemoradiation followed by radical surgery: clinical response and oncological outcomes according to histotype after propensity score analysis

IntroductionThe aims of this study were to analyze the pathological response, and survival outcomes of adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous (AC/ASC) versus squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) managed by chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery.MethodsRetrospective, multicenter, observational study, including patients with SCC and AC/ACS LACC patients treated with preoperative CT/RT followed by tailored radical surgery (RS) between 06/2002 and 05/2017. Clinical-pathological characteristics were compared between patients with SCC versus AC/ASC. A 1:3 ratio propensity score (PS) matching was applied to remove the variables imbalance between the two groups.ResultsAfter PS, 320 patients were included, of which 240 (75.0%) in the SCC group, and 80 (25.0%) in the AC/ASC group. Clinico-pathological and surgical baseline characteristics were balanced between the two study groups. Percentage of pathologic complete response was 47.5% in SCC patients versus 22.4% of AC/ASC ones (p < 0.001). With a median follow-up of 51 months (range:1–199), there were 54/240 (22.5%) recurrences in SCC versus 28/80 (35.0%) in AC/ASC patients (p = 0.027). AC/ASC patients experienced worse disease free (DFS), and overall survival (OS) compared to SCC patients (p = 0.019, and p = 0.048, respectively). In multivariate analysis, AC/ACS histotype, and FIGO stage were associated with worse DFS and OS.ConclusionIn LACC patients treated with CT/RT followed by RS, AC/ASC histology was associated with lower pathological complete response to CT/RT, and higher risk of recurrence and death compared with SCC patients. This highlights the need for specific therapeutic strategies based on molecular characterization to identify targets and develop novel treatments.     

多形性低度恶性腺癌的组织病理学与免疫组化研究

目的：研究多形性低度恶性腺癌（PLGA）的组织病理学和免疫组织化学特点，并与腺样囊性癌（ACC）进行比较。方法；采用组织病理学与免疫组织化学方法，对8例PLGA与10例ACC进行分析。结果；PLAC的特点是组织学上具有细胞形态的一致性与组织结构的多形性；免疫级化染色呈阳性或部分阳性反应，与ACC没有明显差异。结论：光镜下组织结构的多形性是鉴别PLGA与ACC的重要指征；免疫组化对二者的区分意义不大；均起源于闰管储备细胞是导致二者相似性的根本原因。     

人胰腺导管腺癌组织及癌旁组织双向电泳图谱的差异分析

目的:探讨人胰腺导管腺癌组织和癌旁组织之间差异的表达蛋白。方法:利用双向凝胶电泳（2-DE）对8例胰腺导管腺癌组织和癌旁组织的总蛋白进行分离,并用质谱仪对两组间差异蛋白质点进行肽指纹谱和串联质谱鉴定。利用蛋白质印迹分析和免疫组化法检测差异蛋白在胰腺癌和癌旁组织的表达。结果:2-DE显示,肿瘤组织中有28个蛋白质点表达上调,17个表达下调。上述蛋白质点经质谱鉴定得到30个蛋白质,包括酶类、抗氧化蛋白、信号转导蛋白、钙结合蛋白、结构蛋白及分子伴侣等。Western blot和免疫组化结果显示差异表达蛋白annexin II在胰腺癌组织中表达上调,与2-DE结果一致。结论:以2-DE为基础的蛋白质组学技术是研究肿瘤的一种重要手段。本实验所得的annexin II等差异表达蛋白可能成为潜在的诊断胰腺癌的分子标志或控制肿瘤生长的治疗靶点。     

50例甲状腺癌的临床病理分析

甲状腺癌是临床和病理易于误诊的恶性瘤之一,高分化甲状腺癌与甲状腺腺瘤很难鉴别,甲状腺癌的组织学分类和病理诊断标准至今尚未统一。本文根据50例甲状腺癌的临床病理分析,参阅有关文献,对甲状腺癌的诊断标准、鉴别诊断和地方性甲状腺肿与癌的关系进行讨论。     

食管腺癌淋巴结转移与肿瘤侵及食管壁深度的关系

目的 对腺癌侵及食管壁深度与淋巴结转移的关系以及淋巴结转移对预后的影响进行分析研究.方法 澳大利亚弗林德斯大学医学中心自1985年～2003年,手术治疗食管腺癌121例.其中男101例,女20例.年龄36～80岁,平均62岁.本组手术切除率为96.7%（117/121例）.手术清扫淋巴结的数目每例为2～30个,平均8个.无淋巴结转移59例（48.8%）、有淋巴结转移62例（51.2%）.本组病例全部得到随访.结果 当肿瘤位于黏膜层或黏膜下层（T1）时,淋巴结转移的发生率为22.2%（10/45例）、平均淋巴结转移的个数为0.3个、＞4个淋巴结转移的比例为0（0/45例）;当肿瘤侵及食管周围组织（T4）时,淋巴结转移的发生率为85.7%（6/7例）、平均淋巴结转移的个数为5.1个、＞4个淋巴结转移的比例为71.4%（5/7例）,P＜0.05.无淋巴结转移组的5年生存率为52.9%、1～4个淋巴结转移组的5年生存率为11.5%、＞4个淋巴结转移组的5年生存率为0,P＜0.01.结论 肿瘤对食管壁侵及深度和淋巴结转移的发生率及淋巴结转移的数量之间存在正相关性.随着肿瘤对食管壁侵及深度的增加,淋巴结转移的发生率、平均淋巴结转移的数量和＞4个淋巴结转移的比例均增加.有无淋巴结转移和淋巴结转移的数量是影响远期生存率的一个重要因素.     

雌激素受体在肺腺癌和鳞状细胞癌中的表达研究

目的 研究雌激素受体(ER)a和β在良性肺组织和肺癌组织中的表达及其与临床和病理学特征的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测ERa和β在18例肺腺癌和29例肺鳞状细胞癌(共有35例含癌旁肺组织)及12例良性肺病变组织中的表达。切片内阳性细胞数≥20％为ER阳性。结果 ERβ在肺癌组织中的表达主要定位于细胞核，其在肺癌组织中的表达率为44．7％(21／47)，而在癌旁肺组织和肺良性病变组织中无明显表达。ERβ在鳞状细胞癌、腺癌中阳性表达率分别为27．6％(8／29)、72．2％(13／18)，腺癌组织中ERβ表达率显著高于鳞癌(P＜0．05)。ERβ在肺癌、癌旁肺组织和肺良性病变组织中均未见表达。结论 结果提示雌激素受体ERβ与肺癌尤其是肺腺癌的发生可能有关联。