Outcomes after neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy for cT2-4N0-1 non–small cell lung cancer: A propensity-matched analysis

Objective

Comparative survival between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer has not been extensively studied.

大鼠局灶脑缺血AC133抗原和AC133mRNA的表达初探

目前国内外研究发现自体和异体骨髓干细胞移植可增加脑梗死周围区域的血管数量[1]。但在脑梗死后,机体自身内皮干细胞是否参与梗死周围区域的新血管形成尚无报道。AC133(又称CD133)是新发现的造血干祖细胞糖蛋白抗原,在已分化的内皮细胞上不表达,在内皮前体细胞表达[2],AC133蛋白和基因是否在大脑缺血脑组织表达以及局部缺血后AC133是否参与血管内皮功能等问题尚无文献提及。本研究将初探大鼠局灶脑缺血后脑组织中AC133抗原和AC133mRNA的表达。1资料1.1动物分组及模型制备:雄性SD大鼠42只,体重250～350g,随机分成3组:正常对照组、假…     

青少年近视患者配戴渐进多焦眼镜的视光学检查现状初步分析

目的:调查青少年近视患者配戴渐进多焦眼镜的现状,分析其对眼部参数的影响。方法:随机抽查配戴渐进光眼镜的近视患者214名,对其进行视光学检查,包括屈光度、斜视度、AC/A率、辐接近点和融合范围等项目,并调查其心理感受。其检查结果与256名年龄相匹配的戴用单焦眼镜的近视患者相对照,分析其变量的变化。结果:配戴渐变多焦眼镜的近视患者中140例无不适感觉,满意程度明显高于对照组;屈光度平均为-3.5D,约半数患者(48.6％)存在不同程度的外隐斜,其中8位是间歇性外斜患者,没有融合能力,辐辏近点大于20 cm;平均AC/A率为(2.95±1.49),平均融合力为+16.41°～-7.06°,平均辐转近点为(72.63±24.42)mm。实验组除AC/A率低于对照组(t=3.52,P<0.05),且与屈光度无明显相关(r=-0.0318,P>0.05)外,其余检查与对照组之间没有显著性差别。结论:渐进多焦眼镜可以引起AC/A率降低,并有可能通过掩饰间歇性外斜患者 的症状而耽误其治疗。因此,渐进多焦眼镜虽然普遍受青少年近视患者欢迎,但验配中仍存在适应证选择问题,青少年在验配时最好在医生的指导下进行。     

AO肩锁钢板钩治疗重型肩锁关节脱位

目的评估AO肩锁钢板钩治疗重型肩锁关节脱位的手术疗效.方法回顾性分析两年来27例手术病人的手术治疗和疗效.结果手术方法符合生理结构,手术时间平均30分钟,内固定牢靠.根据Murley和Constant[1]评分,优良率94%.结论 AO肩锁钢板钩治疗重型肩锁关节脱位,手术方法简单,疗效可靠,允许病人术后早期功能锻炼.     

AC－cAMP－PKA途径对淋巴细胞DNA合成的调节作用

以ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ为激动剂，以淋巴细胞体外ＤＮＡ合成为研究手段，探讨了ＡＣ－ｃＡＭＰ－ＰＫＡ信号途径在ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ诱导的淋巴细胞活化中的意义。研究结果表明ＡＣ、ｃＡＭＰ和ＰＫＡ在决定细胞对外界刺激的反应中起着重要作用。在淋巴细胞活化早期细胞内ｃＡＭＰ出现一过性升高，随着细胞活化增殖，ｃＡＭＰ降至正常水平以下。活化ＡＣ、升高细胞内ｃＡＭＰ水平可显著降低ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ诱导的淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ合成，而ＰＫＩ却能在一定程度上促进淋巴细胞活化增殖。     

Relationship between MUC5AC and altered expression of MLH1 protein in mucinous and non-mucinous colorectal carcinomas

The main purpose of this study was to examine the expression of mucins and mismatch repair proteins in colorectal carcinomas. The immunohistochemical distribution of apomucins MUC2, MUC5AC, and the expression of MLH1 and MSH2 proteins were examined in 76 mucinous and 60 non-mucinous colorectal carcinomas. MUC2 was noted in all mucinous carcinomas, whereas MUC5AC was present in 41 cases only (54%). In non-mucinous carcinomas, MUC2 was expressed in 61.7% of the tumors; by contrast, MUC5AC was present in 20% of the cases. The expression level of apomucins was significantly different in mucinous and non-mucinous lesions (p<0.001). Twenty-seven (35.5%) of the mucinous carcinomas showed no MLH1 expression, whereas 11 (18.3%) of the non-mucinous tumors did. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.005). Altered expression of MSH2 protein was never observed. The lack of MLH1 expression was considerably more frequent in carcinomas with secretion of MUC5AC (p<0.005). Our study has demonstrated this close relationship by immunohistochemical methods. In summary, our data show: (1) differences in the expression of mucins between mucinous and non-mucinous tumors; (2) a high frequency of altered MLH1 protein expression (35.5%) in mucinous carcinomas; (3) a significant relationship between the presence of MUC5AC and the altered expression of MLH1 protein in colorectal carcinomas.     

Frequency dependence of the cardiac threshold to alternating current between 10 Hz and 160 Hz

It is still unclear what fundamental criteria influence the ability of alternating current (AC) to induce ventricular fibrillation (VF) in vivo. As the VF threshold has a bowl-shaped relationship with frequency (showing a minimum threshold at some frequency), similar to the nervous system, one proposed model has assumed that the mechanisms underlying AC stimulation of nerves are at work for VF induction. More recent work has suggested a second approach, whereby a simple RC-like model is sufficient to understand the cardiac AC stimulation threshold's frequency dependence, suggesting that some unarticulated mechanism is at work for VF. The paper directly tests these two models. In 12 intact dogs and 20 intact guinea pigs, DC pulses were used to stimulate AC square and AC sine waves at 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 Hz. All electrodes were endocardial, with the return electrode being on a paw or thorax. It was found that, for square and sine wave stimulation in both dogs and guinea pigs, the stimulation threshold increased monotonically with frequency from 10 Hz up to 160 Hz (p<0.01 for dogs and guinea pigs). Between 80 and 160 Hz, the AC stimulation threshold doubled, exactly as predicted by an RC model. It was concluded that the AC stimulation threshold is not bowl-shaped and is best understood with an RC model. As the VF threshold does exhibit a bowl-shape with frequency, as opposed to the stimulation threshold which does not, the VF induction frequency dependence must have different origins.     

Evaluation of quantitative aerosol techniques for use in bronchoprovocation studies

To investigate airway physiology by use of inhaled aerosols, it is frequently necessary to measure the actual amount of material deposited on the airway wall as well as the site of particle deposition. To satisfy these needs, radiolabeled aerosols and gamma camera techniques have been used to measure regional deposition of inhaled particles. To make quantitative measurements of the amount deposited, previous investigators have used a "phantom" technique to indirectly calibrate the gamma camera for the attenuation of gamma rays through the lungs and chest wall. For this calibration, the phantom is a simulated lung containing a known amount of radioactivity. Radioactive counts emitted from the phantom are assumed to be attenuated in the same manner as the intact human lung. The present article describes a technique to determine directly the amount of inhaled aerosol deposited in the lung and simultaneously to calibrate the gamma camera for each individual subject. We used right angle light scattering and a gamma camera to measure individual values of the deposition fraction (DF) of inhaled aerosol deposited in the lung and the coefficient of attenuation (AC) of gamma rays in normal and obstructed lungs of human subjects. Radiolabeled monodisperse aerosols 1 and 2 microns in diameter were used. Knowledge of the activity of the inhaled aerosol (microcurie per liter), the volume inhaled, and the measured DF determined each subject's AC (counts per minute per microcurie). DF varied by an order of magnitude in normal (0.04 to 0.48) and obstructed (0.16 to 0.75) of subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

螺旋CT定位在微电极引导脑立体定向手术中的临床应用

目的 :探讨螺旋CT辅以LeksellG定向仪在微电极引导脑立体定向术中的应用。方法 :对治疗组和对照组帕金森病病人进行CT定位和手术靶点定位 ,比较AC PC层面与体表标志间的关系以及进行定位结果分析。结果 :对照组和治疗组AC PC层面与外耳孔上缘之间的距离无显著差异 ,距离为 ( 4 7.75± 0 .6 2 )mm ;AC PC层面与GI线之间没有确定的关系 ,与听眶线的夹角为 ( 1.0± 1.5 )° ;与外耳孔上方中点联线的夹角为 ( 0 .5± 1.0 )°。结论 :螺旋CT辅以LeksellG定向仪可以较好地满足临床定位要求 ,以听眶线为扫描基线更易掌握     

苯并三氮唑和4—羧基苯并三氮唑对铜缓蚀作用

采用光电化学方法和交流阻抗方法将不同浓度的ＢＴＡ（苯并三氮唑）和４ＣＢＴＡ（４－羧基苯并三氮唑）在硼砂缓冲溶液（ｐＨ９．２）中对铜电极的缓蚀性能作了比较。发现在阳性向电位扫描中,一定农度的ＢＴＡ作用下,铜电极光响应由ｐ型转化为ｎ型,并可依此判断缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能。ｎ型光响应越大,缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能越好;而在４ＣＢＴＡ作用下,铜电极光响应保持ｐ型,然其阴极向扫描中最大光电汉变化明显,并可据此判断缓蚀剂诉