全文获取类型
收费全文 | 581篇 |
免费 | 59篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 2篇 |
妇产科学 | 111篇 |
基础医学 | 61篇 |
口腔科学 | 1篇 |
临床医学 | 46篇 |
内科学 | 28篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7篇 |
神经病学 | 10篇 |
特种医学 | 8篇 |
外科学 | 21篇 |
综合类 | 106篇 |
预防医学 | 46篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 43篇 |
中国医学 | 93篇 |
肿瘤学 | 73篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 16篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 46篇 |
2015年 | 16篇 |
2014年 | 50篇 |
2013年 | 44篇 |
2012年 | 42篇 |
2011年 | 40篇 |
2010年 | 19篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 24篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 20篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有658条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
目的:探讨两种剂量的7-甲异炔诺酮(OrgOD14,利维爱)对绝经症状控制的比较。方法:60例绝经后妇女随机分为两组:①A组30例,每日口服7-甲异炔诺酮2.5mg。②B组30例,隔日口服7-甲异炔诺酮2.5mg,共6个月。观察服药前后的Kupperman评分变化及血雌二醇、促卵泡激素水平的改变。结果:两组服药后绝经症状明显改善,Kupperman评分明显降低(P<0.01),雌二醇水平显著上升(P<0.01),促卵泡激素水平明显下降(P<0.05),而两组之间差异无显著性。结论:7-甲异炔诺酮可有效地控制绝经症状,每日口服2.5mg并不比隔日口服2.5mg有较好的控制效果(除控制失眠外),故推荐隔日口服2.5mg7-甲异炔诺酮。 相似文献
2.
Harun Ulger Nuri Erdogan Sadan Kumanlioglu Erdogan Unur 《Skin research and technology》2003,9(3):284-289
Background/purpose: The localized or generalized skin thickness detected on mammography may reflect an underlying pathology of breast or a systemic disease involving the skin. The aim of this report is to describe the range of normal breast skin thickness in women using a film-screen mammographic technique.
Methods: Measurement of the mammographic skin thickness over different parts of the breast was performed in 144 women who had normal findings in a combined mammographic and ultrasonographic examination. Patients were grouped as premenopause, postmenopause and surgical menopause who were under continuous oestrogen treatment. The skin thickness in four regions (superior, inferior, medial, lateral) of both breasts was compared, and their relations with age, breast size, menopausal and hormonal status were investigated. The interobserver reliability was tested in a small subgroup of patients.
Results: Interobserver agreement was good for all measurements. The range of normal breast skin thickness was between 0.50 and 3.10 mm. There were no differences in skin thickness between the corresponding regions of the breasts, with significant differences between the regions in the same breast. While breast size increased with age, skin thickness decreased in all regions.
Conclusion: The breast size, age, regional variations and hormonal status of the patients should be considered when defining the normal range of skin thickness in mammographic examinations. We assume that upper limit of mammographic skin thickness should be set as 3.0 mm, regardless of the focal spot size and film-focus distance. 相似文献
Methods: Measurement of the mammographic skin thickness over different parts of the breast was performed in 144 women who had normal findings in a combined mammographic and ultrasonographic examination. Patients were grouped as premenopause, postmenopause and surgical menopause who were under continuous oestrogen treatment. The skin thickness in four regions (superior, inferior, medial, lateral) of both breasts was compared, and their relations with age, breast size, menopausal and hormonal status were investigated. The interobserver reliability was tested in a small subgroup of patients.
Results: Interobserver agreement was good for all measurements. The range of normal breast skin thickness was between 0.50 and 3.10 mm. There were no differences in skin thickness between the corresponding regions of the breasts, with significant differences between the regions in the same breast. While breast size increased with age, skin thickness decreased in all regions.
Conclusion: The breast size, age, regional variations and hormonal status of the patients should be considered when defining the normal range of skin thickness in mammographic examinations. We assume that upper limit of mammographic skin thickness should be set as 3.0 mm, regardless of the focal spot size and film-focus distance. 相似文献
3.
Hy De Lee Euy Young Soh Hoon Sang Chi Byong Ro Kim Kyong Sik Lee Kyung Soon Song Hyun Joo Jung 《Surgery today》1990,20(2):180-185
The relationship between primary tumor proliferative activity and clinical and pathologic characteristics was analyzed in
relation to menopausal status in 32 patients with malignant or benign breast disease. The thymidine labeling index (TLI) showed
significantly higher median values in the cancer patients (3.48 per cent) than in the patients with benign diseases (1.02
per cent). TLI was not significantly affected by delayed incubation at room temperature for about 1 hour. In the breast cancer
patients, TLI did not significantly correlate to tumor size, the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis or pathologic
nuclear grading. The only significant difference was limited to the breast cancer patients without axillary lymph node metastasis
in relation to menopausal status; the TLI in the premenopausal patients (5.10 per cent) was significantly higher (p<0.05)
than that in the postmenopausal patients (2.28 per cent). These data thus suggest that among premenopausal patients without
axillary lymph node metastasis, those with a high TLI could be potential candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy. 相似文献
4.
Albano C Felberbaum RE Smitz J Riethmüller-Winzen H Engel J Diedrich K Devroey P 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2000,15(3):526-531
In this prospective and randomized study, 188 patients received the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) antagonist cetrorelix, and 85 patients the LHRH agonist buserelin to prevent endogenous luteinizing hormone (LH) surges during ovarian stimulation in in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Ultimately, 181 patients (96.3%) in the cetrorelix group, and 77 (90.6%) in the buserelin group, reached the day of the human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) injection. The mean number of human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) ampoules administered and the mean number of stimulation days with HMG were significantly less in the cetrorelix group than in the buserelin group (P < 0.01). A rise in LH and progesterone concentrations was observed in three of the 188 patients (1.6%) who received cetrorelix. On the day of the HCG administration, more follicles of a small diameter (11-14 mm) were observed in the buserelin group than in the cetrorelix group (P = 0. 02) and the mean serum oestradiol concentration was significantly higher in patients who received buserelin than in those who received cetrorelix (P < 0.01). Similar results were observed in fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates in the two groups. In conclusion, the use of the LHRH antagonists might be considered more advantageous because of the short-term application needed to inhibit gonadotrophin secretion, so allowing a reduction in the treatment time in a clinically significant manner. 相似文献
5.
According to attribution theory, controllability, locus, and stability are important dimensions underlying causal explanations. The extent to which these theoretical dimensions underlie lay explanations for physical symptoms is unclear. Accordingly, in this study, attributes relevant to the lay public were empirically derived using a multidimensional scaling (MDS) procedure. Undergraduates (N=194) provided similarity judgments for 18 potential causes of physical discomfort. The MDS analysis yielded a three-dimensional solution. The first dimension captured the distinction between physical and nonphysical causes. The second dimension distinguished either variable versus stable causes or those that are controllable versus uncontrollable by health care professionals. The third dimension differentiated causes under low versus high personal control. These findings empirically confirm the theoretically proposed dimensions of personal control and stability and suggest the utility of considering the physical/nonphysical and controllability by health care professional distinctions in future work on attributions in the health domain. 相似文献
6.
Intrauterine insemination treatment in subfertility: an analysis of factors affecting outcome 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Nuojua-Huttunen S Tomas C Bloigu R Tuomivaara L Martikainen H 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1999,14(3):698-703
A total of 811 intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles in which clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) was used for ovarian stimulation were analysed retrospectively to identify prognostic factors regarding treatment outcome. The overall pregnancy rate was 12.6% per cycle, the multiple pregnancy rate 13.7%, and the miscarriage rate 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis revealed five predictive variables as regards pregnancy: number of the treatment cycle (P = 0.009), duration of infertility (P = 0.017), age (P = 0.028), number of follicles (P = 0.031) and infertility aetiology (P = 0.045). The odds ratios for age < 40 years, unexplained infertility aetiology (versus endometriosis) and duration of infertility < or = 6 years were 3.24, 2.79 and 2.33, respectively. A multifollicular ovarian response to clomiphene citrate/HMG resulted in better treatment success than a monofollicular response, and 97% of the pregnancies were obtained in the first four treatment cycles. The results indicate that clomiphene citrate/HMG/IUI is a useful and cost-effective treatment option in women < 40 years of age with infertility duration < or = 6 years, who do not suffer from endometriosis. 相似文献
7.
Shoham Zeev; Howles Colin M.; Zalel Yaron; Weissman Ariel; Insler Vaclav 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1994,9(3):431-436
This study was designed to examine ovarian performance, i.e.follicular growth, normal steroidogenesis and luteal phase function,following the administration of multiple increasing doses ofhuman follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) with a constant lowdose of luteinizing hormone (LH) in women with isolated hypogonadotrophichypogonadism. Human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) wasused in the first treatment cycle, starting with 150 IU of LHand 150 IU of FSH per day, for 7 days. The dose was increaseddaily with 75 IU of LH and 75 IU of FSH for another 7 days ifno response was detected by serial ultrasound measurements andserumoestradiol determinations. In the second treatment cycle,a constant dose of 75 IU of LH (using HMG) was administeredper day and up to 150 IU of FSH (using urofollitrophin) wassupplemented. If no response was detected after 7 days of treatment,the dose of FSH was increased. For the final stage of ovulationinduction, human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was administeredin the presence of at least one follicle >17 mm in diameterbut with no more than three follicles >16mm in diameter.To verify the adequacy of the luteal phase, a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamicstudy of -HCG, oestradiol and progesterone was performed followingthe second treatment cycle only. Ovarian stimulation using aconstant dose of 75 IU of LH and increasing doses of FSH upto 225 IU, resulted in normal follicular growth and hormonalmilieu. Both women showed normal luteal phase oestradiol andprogesterone production and both women conceived following thesecond treatment cycle 相似文献
8.
Barbara H. Mason Ian M. Holdaway Stephen J. M. Skinner Ronald G. Kay 《Breast cancer research and treatment》1994,32(2):203-212
Summary The relationships between urinary 11-desoxy-17-oxo steroids (11-DOS), the ratio of 11-DOS to urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (urinary discriminant ratio), plasma levels of the adrenal androgens dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), DHA sulphate (DHAS), and 7-hydroxy DHA (7DHA), and tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status were examined in pre, peri-, and postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Androgenic steroids and their metabolites decreased with age in women with breast cancer. In perimenopausal women there was a significant association of PR positive tumours and high androgen levels, whereas in postmenopausal women high androgen levels were associated with ER negative tumours. Survival was significantly related to plasma DHA level and tumour steroid receptor status. Thus, adrenal androgen levels below the group mean were associated with significantly decreased survival in women with postmenopausal receptor-positive tumours, and the association was particularly apparent in those who were axillary node negative. Since the number of patients studied was small these results should be regarded as provisional in nature. Nonetheless, the identification of this subgroup of node negative breast cancer women with reduced survival may be important when considering node negative patients for adjuvant therapy. 相似文献
9.
10.
Adamopoulos DA 《International journal of andrology》2000,23(6):320-331
The effectiveness of medical treatment for idiopathic oligozoospermia (IO) has been at best doubtful until now and a logical consequence of this unsatisfactory situation has been the partial displacement of this approach by assisted reproduction techniques. This state of affairs has resulted from insufficient investigation, inappropriately designed clinical trials and consistent disregard for the principles of evidence-based medicine. Protocol-related shortcomings and wrong interpretation of the data available have also been some of the all too frequent problems encountered in this therapeutic approach. In this rather misty situation, it appears that, of the therapeutic agents used so far, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (mainly FSH-secretagogues) may exert some beneficial effects on a number of biological endpoints related to spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. The short and medium term prospects of medical treatment for IO rest mainly with improvement of investigative procedures to a higher degree of sophistication, with emphasis placed on identifying the causes rather than the results of dysfunction so that a better selection of candidates can be made. Moreover, the introduction of prognostic indices for evaluation of the beneficial effects of a therapeutic agent may be of paramount importance. Finally, a better assessment of the preparations available and, possibly, the introduction of new more specific agents may also be an important step forward in this field. This type of large-scale effort should not be left to individual investigators or special centres working independently, but it may come under the auspices of a central regulating agency so that undisputed results from large, multicentre and uniform studies might be obtained, if medical treatment is to remain a good option. In this context, it may also be emphasized that andrology's main task should always be to treat the male with the problem rather than his healthy female partner, whenever this is possible. 相似文献