电话网络心电模式在社区基础医疗的应用

目的:探讨电话网络心电模式在社区基础医疗的应用效果。方法:对社区医院的142例有心脏不适症状而普通心电图多次检查均正常的患者进行电话网络心电监测(TTM)1056次,通过电话和网络传送心电信息至本院心脏监测中心,专职人员分析、诊断和出具报告,指导患者用药和治疗。结果:142例患者中发现早期心肌梗死心电图改变者1例,缺血型ST-T改变者16例,阵发性室上速22例,阵发性房颤12例,间歇性预激综合症8例,房性早搏和(或)室性早搏35例,6例安装永久起搏器和14例冠状动脉支架置入(PCI)术后患者TTM监测无新的异常出现,28例未见异常。结论:TTM监测能及时将平时心电图、Holter等难以捕捉的心电信息记录下来,为临床诊断和治疗提供有效依据,为患者提供早期诊断心脏病的检查手段。     

Hello,can you hear me? Orthopaedic clinic telephone consultations in the COVID-19 era- a patient and clinician perspective

BACKGROUNDThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in seismic changes in healthcare delivery. As a result of this, hospital footfall required to be reduced due to increased risk of transmission of infection. To ensure patients can safely access healthcare, we introduced orthopaedic clinic telephone consultations in our busy district general hospital.AIMTo investigate patients’ and clinicians’ perspective of telephone consultations during COVID-19, and whether this method of consultation could be a viable option in the post- pandemic future. METHODSThis is a single centre, prospective study conducted in a busy National Health Service district general hospital. In May 2020, 100 non- consecutive adult patients were contacted by independent investigators within 48 h of their orthopaedic clinic telephone consultation to complete a telephone satisfaction questionnaire. The questions assessed satisfaction regarding various aspects of the consultation including overall satisfaction and willingness to use this approach long term. Satisfaction and perspective of 25 clinicians conducting these telephone consultations was also assessed via an online survey tool.RESULTS93% of patients were overall satisfied with telephone consultations and 79% were willing to continue this method of consultation post- pandemic. Patients found telephone consultations to reduce personal cost and inconvenience associated with attending a hospital appointment. 72% of clinicians reported overall satisfaction with this service and 80% agreed that telephone consultations should be used in the future. The majority found it less laborious in time and administration in comparison to face to face consultations. Patients and clinicians expressed their desire for video consultations as a method of further improving their experience with remote consultations.CONCLUSIONOur study has shown that telephone consultations are a safe and rapid method of adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic, achieving the aim of reducing hospital footfall. This method of consultation has resulted in immense clinician and patient satisfaction. Our findings suggest that this tool has benefits in post pandemic healthcare delivery. It has also highlighted that telephone consultations can act as a steppingstone to the introduction of the more complex platform of video consulting.     

Are there really many runners out there? Is the proportion of runners increasing over time? A population-based 12-year repeated cross-sectional study with 625,460 Brazilians

ObjectivesTo investigate the proportion of individuals who practice running, its temporal trend, and to describe the runners’ characteristics.DesignPopulation-based repeated cross-sectional study.MethodsThe data from the Protective and Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel) from Brazil were used. Telephone interviews were conducted with adults from the Brazilian capitals (27 cities) between 2006–2017. The interviewer read the questions and recorded the participants’ responses immediately in a questionnaire. Data analyses were conducted using a Bayesian approach.ResultsThe Vigitel database consisted of 625,460 Brazilian participants composed of 295,681 exercisers and within them 15,529 runners. The mean yearly proportion of runners was about 2.45% (95% Bayesian credible interval [CrI] 1.93 to 3.11) and 5.32% (95%CrI 4.29 to 6.54) in the entire study population and within exercisers, respectively. The absolute increase in the proportion of runners per year over the 12-year period was 0.13% and 0.17% in the entire study population and within exercisers, respectively. Runners were more likely to be younger, men, within normal body mass index, highly educated, moderate alcohol drinkers, non-smokers, less exposed to TV, living near physical activity/sports facilities and less exposed to health conditions such as arterial hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia.ConclusionThere was a 95% probability that the yearly proportion of runners lies between 1.93% and 3.11% in the population of the 27 Brazilian capitals, and between 4.29% and 6.54% within exercisers. There has been an increase in the proportion of runners over time. Runners were associated with healthier characteristics compared to non-runners and non-exercisers.     

Oral and maxillofacial surgery patient satisfaction with telephone consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic most oral and maxillofacial surgical (OMFS) units have moved to conducting patient consultations over the telephone. The aim of this study was to assess patients' satisfaction with telephone consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective survey was conducted of OMFS patients at our hospital who had telephone consultations between 1 April - 8 June 2020. The survey was conducted by independent interviewers and used the Generic Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale (G-MISS) along with a previously published additional questionnaire. Variables recorded included age, gender, theme of consultation, grade of clinician, and type of consultation. Statistical analysis was performed to assess for any differences between patient groups. The records of 150 consecutive patients were reviewed and 135 met inclusion criteria. A total of 109 patients completed the survey giving a response rate of 80.74%. The total G-MISS score for satisfaction was high, which indicates a high level of satisfaction among all patients. We found no statistical difference in satisfaction when comparing patients in terms of gender, age, theme of consultation, or level of clinician. A significant difference was found in compliance levels between review and new patients, with review patients demonstrating higher compliance levels (p=0.004). Overall, 83.48% of patients said they would be willing to have a telephone consultation in future. The majority of patients in this study reported high levels of satisfaction with telephone consultations. New patients reported lower levels of compliance which may suggest this type of consultation is less suited to telephone consultation.     

The telephone interview is an effective method of data collection in clinical nursing research: a discussion paper

There are varying points of view regarding the advisability and utility of using the telephone to conduct research interviews. When undertaking the Women's Recovery from Sternotomy Study, we found the telephone was an effective mechanism for data collection. Our aim is to identify the advantages and challenges of using the telephone as a mechanism for data collection in clinical nursing research. The potential benefits associated with using telephone interviews as a mechanism of data collection include (a) using economic and human resources efficiently, (b) minimizing disadvantages associated with in-person interviewing, (c) developing positive relationships between researchers and participants, and (d) improving quality of data collection. The potential challenges to telephone interviewing include (a) maintaining participant involvement, (b) maintaining clear communication, (c) communicating with participants who offer extraneous information, (d) encountering participants with health concerns, and (e) communicating with a third party. Telephone interviewing can be an effective method of data collection when interviewers understand the potential benefits as well as challenges. We offer solutions to the identified challenges and make pragmatic recommendations to enhance researcher success based on the current literature and our research practice. Supportive training for interviewers, effective communication between interviewers and with research participants, and standardized telephone follow-up procedures are needed to ensure successful telephone data collection. We have found our 'Manual of Operations' to be an effective tool that assists research assistants to meet the requirements for successful telephone interviewing.     

A qualitative exploration of staff views towards the uptake of NHS Direct

ObjectivesTo explore the views of staff to examine the underlying factors that may contribute to the variation of uptake to NHS Direct.MethodsAdopting a qualitative approach two focus groups were carried out with staff (n=13); which included registered nurse advisors and health advisors at two NHS Direct sites: Bristol and Manchester in England. Findings were analysed using framework analysis [1].ResultsStaff views for explaining reasons why people do and do not engage with NHS Direct focused on themes centred on ‘knowledge of NHS Direct’, ‘attitudes towards NHS Direct’, ‘the cost of using NHS Direct’, ‘time/speed of using NHS Direct’ and finally ‘satisfaction with the service’.ConclusionThis research has explored staff views of the barriers and facilitators that may impact on the uptake NHS Direct, which can help enable the development of future promotional campaigns that can target particular sections of the population to encourage use of telephone based healthcare services.     

Does α-synuclein have a dual and opposing effect in preclinical vs. clinical Parkinson's disease?

α-Synuclein gene (SNCA) multiplications cause familial parkinsonism and allele-length polymorphisms within the SNCA dinucleotide repeat REP1 increase the risk for developing Parkinson's disease (PD). Since SNCA multiplications increase SNCA expression, and REP1 genotypes that increase the risk of developing PD show increased SNCA expression in cell-culture systems, animal models, and human blood and brain, PD therapies seek to reduce SNCA expression. We conducted an observational study of 1098 PD cases to test the hypothesis that REP1 genotypes correlated with reduced SNCA expression are associated with better motor and cognitive outcomes. We evaluated the association of REP1 genotypes with survival free of Hoehn and Yahr stages 4 or 5 (motor outcome) and of Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status score ≤27 or Alzheimer's Disease Dementia Screening Interview score ≥2 (cognitive outcome). Median disease duration at baseline was 3.3 years and median lag time from baseline to follow-up was 7.8 years. Paradoxically, REP1 genotypes associated with increased risk of developing PD and increased SNCA expression were associated with better motor (HR = 0.87, p = 0.046, covariate-adjusted age-scale analysis; HR = 0.85, p = 0.020, covariate-adjusted time-scale analysis) and cognitive outcomes (HR = 0.90, p = 0.12, covariate-adjusted age-scale analysis; HR = 0.85, p = 0.023, covariate-adjusted time-scale analysis). Our findings raise the possibility that SNCA has a dual, opposing, and time-dependent role. This may have implications for the development of therapies that target SNCA expression.     

电话回访联合心脏康复手册在院外老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果

目的探讨电话回访联合心脏康复手册在院外老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年9月至2018年12月于我院出院的40例慢性心力衰竭患者为研究对象,随机将其等分为观察组与对照组,对照组给予常规宣教,观察组患者在此基础上于出院前2 d发放自制心脏康复手册,并于出院后进行电话回访,12周后比较两组患者各项生活质量和自我护理能力得分。结果观察组患者出院后身体领域、其他领域及生活质量总分均优于出院前且优于对照组(P<0.05),自我护理行为得分优于出院前且优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论电话回访联合心脏康复手册能有效提高院外老年慢性心力衰竭患者的生存质量和自我护理能力,值得推广应用。