Countertransference Resistance

The therapeutic relationship derives its power from the development over time of a degree of interest and intensity on the part of both participants, an interest and intensity that in our contemporary culture of weak ties patients (and perhaps therapists as well) may be less willing to invest. As therapists we are increasingly challenged in our efforts to engage our patients, and to develop and maintain affective traction in our work with them. I present a clinical case to illustrate my attempt to grapple with these challenges.     

小儿女性内外生殖器畸形误诊的原因及其治疗

１９９０年以来收治女性内外生殖器畸形１０例，其中处女膜闭锁６例、阴道闭锁３例、子宫阴道重复畸形伴右肾发育不良１例。年龄：２个月１例、１岁１例、１２岁２例、１３岁６例。除２例处女膜闭锁入院前作出正确诊断外，其余８例急诊入院时多诊为其他外科疾病。１０例均行手术治疗，效果良好。     

Transnational Ties,Poverty, and Identity: Latin American Immigrant Women in Public Housing*

Abstract: This study used ethnographic data to examine the nature and functions of transnational relationships of low‐income Latin American women who had immigrated to the United States and were living in areas of extreme poverty. Findings indicated that these Latin American mothers utilized transnational ties to help maintain the cultural identities of themselves and their children, to alleviate social isolation, and to provide a safer summer housing alternative for their children. Transnational ties may have had some negative consequences, including financial and social burdens associated with maintaining long‐distance familial relationships. However, despite some negative aspects, we conclude that transnational ties are often an instrumental resource for immigrant mothers living in poverty and are vital to immigrant social mobility.     

Trans-local ties, local ties and psychological well-being among rural-to-urban migrants in Shanghai

During the past three decades, an estimated 200 million rural residents have moved to urban centers in China. They are "sojourners" in the cities and maintain close ties with their home communities, which we term trans-local ties. This paper examines the relationship between migrants' social ties and their mental health, and contrasts the trans-local ties with migrants' ties in the receiving communities, which are termed local ties. We expect that for the migrants, trans-local ties foster better mental health not only through providing emotional support but also through generating favorable social comparisons; whereas local ties may furnish important social support, but may also produce negative social comparisons. We use data collected in Shanghai to test our expectations. We compare the migrants to a sample of Shanghai natives to assess patterns of relationship between social ties and mental health that are unique to the migrants. We find that for the migrants, more numerous trans-local ties are associated with better mental health, whereas the number of local ties is not a significant predictor. This pattern is not observed among the Shanghai natives. Moreover, for migrants, trans-local ties foster a favorable evaluation of their status in Shanghai and buffer their perception of discrimination; in contrast, more numerous local ties tend to be associated with a more negative perception of social status. The findings highlight an often-overlooked pathway between social ties and health outcomes, namely, through influencing social comparison and perceived social status. This study also suggests that in addition to reducing institutional and personal discrimination, facilitating close bonds between the migrants and their home communities may be a productive way to foster their well-being, in the context of contemporary urban China.     

先天性主动脉缩窄合并严重主动脉瓣病变的一次性外科矫治

目的 :探讨先天性主动脉缩窄合并严重主动脉瓣病变的外科治疗方法。方法 :采用升主动脉—腹主动脉人工血管转流术 +主动脉瓣置换术一次性治疗患者 9例 ,其中 4例对手术方法和体外循环技术进行了改进。结果 :术中死于体外循环意外 1例 ;术后部分肠梗阻 1例 ,8例患者痊愈出院。上肢收缩压术后较术前下降〔平均12 2 /78mmHgvs .178/6 5mmHg( 1mmHg =0 133kPa)〕 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,术后上、下肢血压无明显压差。左心室舒张末期内径术后较术前缩小 ( 4 9 40± 6 88mmvs .6 7 33± 17 2 9mm) ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :该类患者采用升主动脉—腹主动脉人工血管转流术 ,在常规体外循环下行主动脉瓣置换术即简便又安全有效     

Hysteria and Urbanization

Abstract: The statistics of neuropsychiatric clinics in two general hospitals in Sendai City were analyzed to investigate the relation between the incidence of hysteria and the urbanization in terms of population density. The proportion of hysteric women to total female patients had decreased in both clinics in recent years. The incidence of hysteric patients seemed to decrease in almost all population sizes of their residential administrative units except for in a couple of population sizes. The incidence of hysteric patients was relatively high in the satellites of the Sendai metropolis. It might be a loss of traditional sociocultural ties in the urbanizing process that increases the risk of hysteria.     

切开挂线对口引流术治疗复杂性肛瘘临床观察

目的：观察切开挂线对口引流术治疗复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效。方法：采用随机对照的方法将110例复杂性肛瘘病人分为两组治疗。两组总有效率治疗组为98．18％,对照组为96．36％。线管分期引流组临床治愈时间为24．03±8．14天,切开切除法组临床治愈时间为36．50±9．54天。结论：切开挂线对口引流术与切开切除法治疗复杂性肛瘘的均具有较好的临床疗效,但是切开挂线对口引流术在临床治愈时间上优于切开切除法。     

The Mediating Role of Perceived Control in the Relationship Between Social Ties and Depressive Symptoms

ABSTRACT

This study first examines gender differences in the receipt and efficacy of four types of social ties. It is hypothesized that women's relationships involve more demanding social ties, which increase rather than decrease depressive symptoms. Next, this study explores the role of perceived control as a mediator in the relationship between social ties and depressive symptoms. It is hypothesized that the association between these social ties and depressive symptoms is mediated through perceived control. Results suggest that demanding social ties have the strongest association with depressive symptoms, and that this relationship is much stronger for women than for men. Emotional support is strongly associated with depressive symptoms for men and women, whereas instrumental support and number of close ties have negligible effects on depressive symptoms. Perceived control most strongly mediates (rather than moderates) those relationships with the strongest associations: demanding ties and depressive symptoms, and emotional support and depressive symptoms. Substantial direct associations between social ties and depressive symptoms remain after removing the effects mediated by perceived control.     

Keep out! Join in! Cross-generation communication on the mobile internet in Norway

In this article we examine how teens in Norway navigate the many options for mediated communication when interacting with parents and grandparents. Drawing on workshop discussions with mid-adolescents, we suggest that there is a digital gap in this cross-generation communication despite high Information and Communication Technology (ICT) penetration in the market. The gap appears to be a manifestation of the social dynamic at play when reshaping the relationship between adolescents and their caregivers. This dynamic includes both centrifugal and centripetal forces. Applying the perspective of relational dialectics, we elaborate on how these forces unfold in the domestication of an increasingly complex set of communication tools referred to as polymedia. The empirical analysis suggests that teens assess the tools differently depending on if it is for interaction with parents or grandparents. This is also related to whether the mediated communication sessions are instrumentally or expressively skewed.