微量元素和重金属对儿童的影响

目的通过对检测微量元素的分析，了解近阶段儿童微量元素分布状况，社会人群对补足常规微量元素的认知情况；通过对检测重金属铅和镉的分析，了解儿童受铅和镉的污染状况，干预后的改变情况。方法随机将2年门诊就诊的资料齐全的122例患儿进行静脉血检测常规微量元素、铅和镉；并对干预处理后的106例儿童进行复查。结果缺铁占22．13％，缺钙占7．37％，缺锌占4．1％，缺镁占1．64％，无铜和磷的缺乏。重金属铅大于100μg／L的49例，占40．16％；镉大于5μg／L的2例，占1．64％。对血铅大于40μg／L的106例患儿进行干预，对干预前后进行统计学比较及u检验，差异具有统计学意义。结论常规微量元素的缺乏有明显下降趋势，人群对补足常规微量元素有很高的认识，其危害明显的减少。重金属的污染对儿童健康的危害有上升的趋势，社会人群的知晓度很小；用合适的干预来降低血铅是很有效的，值得临床推广宣传。     

常、微量元素与胎儿宫内发育迟缓关系的研究

目的 探讨常、微量元素与胎儿宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)间的关系.方法 孕晚期测定71名孕妇母血、脐血、羊水中微量元素水平,其中IUGR组21例,对照组35例,巨大儿组15例.结果 IUGR组母血清Zn,Se,Mn,Fe,Mg,Cr明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);Cd,Pb,Ni水平明显高于对照组;巨大儿组母血清Fe含量亦明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);三组间Ca,Ti,Co,Li无明显差别.IUGR组脐血清Se,Mn,Cd,Fe,Cu,Mg明显低于对照组;Pb,Ni明显高于对照组;三组间Zn,Ca,Ti,Co,Li无明显差别.IUGR组羊水Zn,Se,Mn,Fe明显低于对照组,三组间Ca,Co无明显差别.结论 常、微量元素与胎儿发育关系密切,Zn,Se,Mn,Fe,Mg,Cu,Cr缺乏可致胎儿宫内发育迟缓,Cd,Pb,Ni升高可致低体重儿.     

The content of selected minerals and vitamin C for potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) from the high Tiber Valley area,southeast Tuscany

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) from the high Tiber valley area (TVA; Tuscany, Italy), have been sampled and analyzed for selected mineral content (Na, Mg, K, Ca, and Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn) and vitamin C, the year 2012; some samples from 2011 and 2013 crops were also collected and analyzed. The varieties were Daytona (DAY), Kennebec (KEN), Sifra (SIF) and Volare (VOL). Control samples consisted of mixed commercial varieties from the local market, namely C1, C2 and C3. The low content of sodium, especially for KEN (46 ± 3 mg/kg FD (freeze dry), year 2012) and SIF (47 ± 3) (VOL (55 ± 3) and DAY (61 ± 3) have a little higher values) is worth of note and in agreement with the scarce concentration of Na in the soil (291 ± 12 mg/kg DM). Magnesium was abundant in KEN (1434 ± 75 mg/kg FD, year 2012) and VOL (1334 ± 70). The content of K for DAY and KEN (13,147 ± 900 and 13,185 ± 900 mg/kg FD) was higher than for VOL and SIF; whereas Ca was in the range 340 ± 16–490 ± 28 mg/kg FD. The contents of Cu and Zn were higher in KEN (8.1 ± 0.3 and 25 ± 1 mg/kg FD) when compared to the other varieties and controls. The content of vitamin C is high for KEN and SIF and decreased significantly upon cooking (50% for KEN).     

金属硫蛋白对铅中毒儿童临床干预观察研究

[目的]验证口服含金属硫蛋白制剂干预铅中毒儿童的效果,观察铅中毒儿童体内血Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe各元素浓度水平及金属硫蛋白制剂干预治疗后各元素的变化. [方法]采用原子吸收光谱法对血铅及微量元素测定,选择门诊检验血铅≥100 μg/L(1 μg/L=0.00 483 μmol/L)的铅中毒儿童,同时检测血中Pb、Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe各元素浓度,给予含金属硫蛋白制剂(湛江市索奇生物技术有限公司生产的索奇MT生物饮品),服用30 d,停服后15 d复查血铅及上述有关元素. [结果]结果显示,用含金属硫蛋白口服制剂干预治疗低水平铅中毒儿童,干预前后儿童体内Pb、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe各元素浓度差异有非常显著性(P<0.01). [结论]血铅≥100 μg/L的铅中毒儿童,体内Fe、Zn、Ca、Cu元素浓度失衡;口服含金属硫蛋白制剂,可调节体内这四种元素浓度的平衡并可明显降低血铅浓度,有效率达100%.     

慢性肝病141例与微量元素关系的研究

本文对141例慢性肝病(慢活肝30例,肝硬化111例)患者血、肝组织中微量元素锌、铜、铁的含量测定,并测定肝硬化患者血清铜兰蛋白含量及尿锌的排出量。结果血清中锌值均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),肝硬化较慢活肝更低,而铜与铜兰蛋白含量均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。其中19例肝硬化患者作肝组织锌、铜测定,锌含量特别低,其均值比对照组低3倍(P<0.05),而铜含量则高于对照组1倍以上(P<0.05)。肝硬化患者24h尿锌排出量明显高于对照组(P<0.001)。通过对这些微量元素代谢变化的探讨,为慢性肝病治疗中纠正其代谢障碍提供了科学依据。     

电感耦合等离子体-质谱法分析摩罗丹中微量元素含量

目的测定中成药摩罗丹中微量元素的含量,并探讨微量元素的含量与疗效的关系。方法用微波消解法制备供试品,用电感耦合等离子体-质谱（ICP-MS）法测定含量。结果摩罗丹中Mn,Cu,Zn,Fe的含量较高,有害元素含量不高。结论摩罗丹中微量元素与胃炎的治疗效果密切相关。     

The Content of Minerals in the PCOS Group and the Correlation with the Parameters of Metabolism

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disease in women of childbearing age. It is characterized by excessive androgen production, ovulation disorders, and developing metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to check whether selected minerals were related to the pathophysiological mechanisms of PCOS. The concentrations of minerals were determined using an inductively coupled atomic plasma-emission spectrometer (ICP-AES Jobin Yvon JY-24). Blood samples from PCOS and control women were collected, processed, and digested with a microwave system in women with PCOS with and without insulin resistance and in the control group. It was found: zinc (Zn)-10.14 ± 2.11, 9.89 ± 1.44 and 10.30 ± 1.67; nickel (Ni) 0.001 ± 0.0009, 0.001 ± 0.0006 and 0.002 ± 0.00001; iron (Fe) 868.0 ± 155.8, 835.3 ± 156.4 and 833.0 ± 94.6; manganese (Mn) 0.017 ± 0.006, 0.017 ± 0.008 and 0.020 ± 0.009; copper (Cu) 0.714 ± 0.129, 0.713 ± 0.114 and 0.761 ± 0.146; magnesium (Mg) 48.4 ± 8.3, 50.0 ± 8.4 and 45.3 ± 10.7; sodium (Na) 374.3 ± 84.3, 396.3 ± 66.6 and 367.9 ± 88.9; potassium (K) 2541.8 ± 330.9, 2409.6 ± 347.1 and 2336.9 ± 211.4 (µg/g). Some micronutrient deficiencies may have a negative effect on the lipid profile in PCOS patients (Ni, Na). Further studies are needed to better understand dependencies.     

微波消解—原子吸收法测定广东阳春砂中的4种微量元素

目的:建立广东阳春砂中4种微量元素的定量检测方法,并对其含量水平和健康风险进行初步评价。方法:采用微波消解—原子吸收光谱法定量分析6个广东产阳春砂中铅、锌、铜、铬等4种微量元素的含量。结果:6个广东产阳春砂样品中,铜的含量最高,超出国家限量标准(Cu≤20.0 mg/kg);锌含量次之,在6.5~13.2 mg/kg之间,铅和铬的含量均低于3.8 mg/kg,符合国家限量标准。结论:从微量元素含量水平来看,广东阳春砂种植基地土壤中微量元素缺乏,应该加强微肥施种的力度。阳春砂中高浓度的铜元素则从侧面反映了广东阳春砂种植基地土壤存在污染的可能性,应当引起足够重视。从人体服用后的健康风险指数来看,铅和铬对人体产生健康风险的可能性较小,铜对人体可能会产生一定的健康风险。     

FAAS法测定不同产地栀子中微量元素的含量

目的: 考察不同产地栀子中多种微量元素的含量。方法: 运用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定栀子药材中微量元素Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg,Zn,Cu的含量。结果: 方法的加样回收率在95.05%~97.89%,RSD(n=6)在1.66%~2.87%。结论: 实验建立的检测方法简单、快速、灵敏,为栀子中微量元素的测定提供了一种可靠方法。     

微量元素示踪剂井间监测技术在哈得逊油田东河砂岩油藏的应用

哈得逊油田东河砂岩油藏具有较强的非均质性,注采井组内油井受效情况不均衡。之前主要应用稳定同位素监测井间连通状况及注入水速度、推进方向等,但受限于可用同位素品种较少且水样的后处理过程有较强放射性,近年逐渐改用品种较多、全程无放射性的微量元素示踪剂。该微量元素示踪剂在哈得逊油田东河砂岩油藏3个相邻注采井组进行试验,通过362天的取样监测,13口油井中有6口井见到示踪剂显示,推进速度3.02～4.78m/d,基本符合井组的生产动态变化,表明微量元素示踪剂在本区有较好的适应性,为下步高含水井稳油控水、区块生产调整提供了很好的技术支持。