Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: An Update on Clinical, Pathological and Management Aspects

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is mainly observed in patients with multiple myeloma and bone metastasis from solid tumors receiving iv bisphosphonate therapy. The reported incidence of BRONJ is significantly higher with the iv preparations zoledronic acid and pamidronate while the risk appears to be minimal for patients receiving oral bisphosphonates. Currently available published incidence data for BRONJ are based on retrospective studies and estimates of cumulative incidence range from 0.8 to 12%. The mandible is more commonly affected than the maxilla (2:1 ratio), and 60–70% of cases are preceded by a dental surgical procedure. The signs and symptoms that may occur before the appearance of clinical evident osteonecrosis include changes in the health of periodontal tissues, non-healing mucosal ulcers, loose teeth and unexplained soft-tissue infection. Although the definitive role of bisphosphonates remains to be elucidated, the inhibition of physiologic bone remodeling and angiogenesis by these potent drugs impairs the regenerative capacity of the bone causing the development of BRONJ. Tooth extraction as a precipitating event is a common observation. The significant benefits that bisphosphonates offer to patients clearly surpass the risk of potential side effects; however, any patient for whom prolonged bisphosphonate therapy is indicated, should be provided with preventive dental care in order to minimize the risk of developing this severe condition. This article provides an update review of current knowledge about clinical, pathological and management aspects of BRONJ.     

博宁联合化疗治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛的疗效观察

目的：选择理想的治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛的方法。方法：以博宁联合化疗或以^153Sm—EDTMP内照射联合化疗治疗52例骨转移癌。结果：治疗组总有效率为84．00％，对照组总有效率为59．26％。结论：治疗骨转移癌所致的骨痛，以博宁联合化疗为主的方法优于^153Sm—EDTMP内照射联合化疗的方法。     

帕米膦酸二钠(博宁)联合153Sm-EDTMP治疗骨转移癌疗效分析

目的　观察帕米膦酸二钠联合153Sm -EDTMP治疗骨转移癌的疗效、毒副作用并探讨其临床意义。方法　随机入组 71例骨转移癌患者 ,分别给予帕米膦酸二钠、153Sm -EDTMP以及帕米膦酸二钠联合153Sm -EDTMP治疗 ,对照并观察止痛效果及毒性。结果　帕米膦酸二钠、153Sm -EDTMP以及帕米膦酸二钠联合153Sm -EDTMP组的止痛有效率分别为 67%、67%和 88 5 % ,P >0 .0 5 ,提示全组差异无显著性 ,但以 χ2 分割法检验则联合组与其它单用组之间的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而毒副反应无显著性差异。结论　帕米膦酸二钠联合153Sm -EDTMP治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛有更好的疗效     

The skin is the clue

A 67-year-old woman presented with aseptic osteomyelitis and palmoplantar pustular psoriasis. The diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome was made. Treatment with pamidronate led to symptomatic improvement.     

Acute pseudogout after pamidronate infusion

A 72-year-old man, treated with a 60-mg intravenous infusion of pamidronate for shoulder hand syndrome, developed after few hours an acute pseudogout arthritis of his right knee. Diagnosis was confirmed by synovial fluid analysis and was associated with hypocalcemia. Only a few cases are reported in the literature. The mechanism of this potential side effect remains speculative.     

帕米膦酸二钠治疗骨转移癌疼痛25例临床观察

目的:探讨帕米膦酸二钠治疗骨转移癌疼痛的疗效和安全性。方法:我科自2004年3月至2005年12月共25例骨转移癌中,重度疼痛患者用帕米膦酸二钠60mg 生理盐水500m l(d1),静脉滴注4h,d2 30mg 生理盐水250m l,静脉滴注2h。结果:帕米膦酸二钠镇痛效果完全缓解(CR)5/25,部分缓解(PR)16/25,无效(NR)4/25,总有效率(CR PR)84%,主要不良反应为发热。结论:帕米膦酸二钠对缓解骨转移癌疼痛安全有效,病人可耐受。     

High-performance ion-exchange chromatography with in-line complexation of bisphosphonates and their quality control in pharmaceutical preparations

An ion-exchange chromatographic method using an anion-exchange column was developed for the analysis of a number of bisphosphonates. The bisphosphonates were in-line complexed by copper(II) ions and added to the acidic eluent, to yield an UV-absorbing complex. Chromatographic parameters were studied for eight different bisphosphonates, particularly amino-1-hydroxyalkyl-1,1-bisphosphonates; special attention was paid to the relationship between retention and complex formation. The method was applied to the quality control of pamidronate injection concentrate and olpadronate tablets. The lower detection limit was 8 ng of disodium pamidronate, and the inter-assay precision was 1.0% for both pamidronate and olpadronate standard solutions and 1.8% for a 3 mg ml⁻¹ disodium pamidronate injection concentrate. The method was compared with a previously described ion-exchange chromatographic method with conductivity detection, without copper(II) ions in the eluent.     

帕米膦酸二钠和唑来膦酸治疗非小细胞肺癌骨转移疗效和安全性比较

目的 评价伴骨转移的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者在接受帕米膦酸二钠和唑来膦酸治疗后的有效性和安全性.方法 2007年6月-2008年12月,74例伴骨转移的NSCLC,患者接受了双膦酸盐治疗,其中50例接受帕米膦酸二钠治疗,24例接受唑来膦酸治疗.帕米膦酸二钠90...     

帕米膦酸钠对大鼠正畸牙移动过程中破牙骨质细胞及破骨细胞分化因子表达的影响

目的:研究帕米膦酸钠对大鼠正畸牙移动过程中牙周组织压力侧破牙骨质细胞及破骨细胞分化因子(ODF)表达的影响.方法:选择24只6周龄SPF级健康雌性Wistar大鼠,建立正畸牙移动动物模型,每只大鼠上颌分实验侧和对照侧,于安装矫治器前3d,于实验侧大鼠第一磨牙近中腭侧黏骨膜下注射帕米膦酸钠50 μL,对照侧注射0.9％生理盐水50 μL,每3d注射1次.于正畸加力3、7、14 d时分批处死8只大鼠,制作牙周组织切片,观察破牙骨质细胞数量,免疫组化观察ODF的表达情况.采用PASW Statistics 18软件包对实验数据进行统计学处理.结果:实验侧在3、7、14d时,第一磨牙压力侧破牙骨质细胞的数目均少于对照侧,其中,7、14d时两侧差异显著(P＜0.05);实验侧在3、7、14d时,第一磨牙压力侧ODF阳性表达均低于对照侧,其中,7、14 d时两侧差异显著(P＜0.05).结论:局部注射二膦酸盐帕米膦酸钠能够减少大鼠正畸牙移动过程中牙周组织压力侧破牙骨质细胞的数量及ODF的阳性表达.