介绍一种制备特异性TF和特异性iRNA的方法

以乙肝疫苗、人喉癌细胞膜抗原为抗原，猪脾细胞为效应细胞，经体外免疫后收集应答细胞，制备ＰＳＨＢＶ－ＴＦ ＰＳＡＣ－ｉＲＮＡ。通过抗原特异性细胞免疫功能试验证实，ＰＳＨＢＶ－ＴＦ和ＰＳＡＣ－ｉＲＮＡ都能转移特异性细胞免疫功能。采用体外免疫法制备ＰＳＨＢＶ－ＴＦ和ＰＳＡＣ－ｉＲＮＡ是可行的，并且具有诸多优点。     

A Novel Macroinitiator for the Synthesis of Triblock Copolymers via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Polystyrene‐block‐poly(bisphenol A carbonate)‐block‐polystyrene and Poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(bisphenol A carbonate)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate)

Summary: Bis(hydroxy)telechelic bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) was prepared via melt polycondensation of bisphenol A (BPA) and diphenyl carbonate (DPC) using lanthanum(III ) acetylacetonate as a catalyst for transesterification. Subsequently, the polycarbonate was converted to a bifunctional macroinitiator for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with the reagent, α‐chlorophenylacetyl chloride. The macroinitiator was used for the polymerization of styrene (S) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) to give PS‐block‐PC‐block‐PS and PMMA‐block‐PC‐block‐PMMA triblock copolymers. These block copolymers were characterized by NMR and GPC. When styrene and methyl methacrylate were used in large excess, significant shifts toward high molecular weights were observed with quantitative consumption of the macroinitiator. Several ligands were studied in combination with CuCl as the ATRP catalyst. Kinetic studies reveal the controlled nature of the polymerization reaction for all the ligands used.

Formation of a bifunctional ATRP macroinitiator by esterification of bis(hydroxy)telechelic PC with α‐chlorophenylacetyl chloride.     

Immunologic events in pigeon breeders'' disease

The immunologic and physiologic status of a group of symptomatic and asymptomatic pigeon breeders was studied in an attempt to define the immunologic events occurring in pigeon breeders' disease. Antibody activity to antigen(s) present in pigeon dropping extract (PDE) and pigeon serum (PS) was detected in the serum of both symptomatic and asymptomatic breeders. Antibody activity, however, tended to be greater in the symptomatic pigeon breeders. When subjects were challenged with PS via aerosol, serum complement activity became depressed only in asymptomatic patients. Cellular hypersensitivity to antigens present in PDE was detected in vitro in peripheral lymphocyte populations of 4 of 5 symptomatic breeders and in none of the asymptomatic breeders; cellular hypersensitivity to antigens in PS was not demonstrated in any of the individuals tested. These findings indicate that cell-mediated hypersensitivity, as well as humoral immunologic processes, may be involved in the pathogenesis of the hypersensitivity pneumonitis found in pigeon breeders.     

雌激素调节蛋白PS2乳腺浸润性导管癌表达及其临床意义

[目的]探讨雌激素调节蛋白(PS2)在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及其与临床病理因素间的关系。[方法]采用免疫组化方法检测155例乳腺浸润性导管癌中ER、PR和PS2的表达。[结果]全组PS2表达阳性率38.1%。在ER阳性和阴性病例中,PS2阳性率分别为48.6%和29.4%(χ2=5.977,P<0.05);在PR阳性和阴性组中,PS2阳性率分别为50.8%和28.9%(χ2=7.664,P<0.01)。PS2的表达与病人年龄、月经状况、肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05);而与腋淋巴结状况(P<0.001)、临床分期(P<0.05)有关。此外,PS2的表达在民族间也存在一定差异,但无统计学意义。[结论]乳腺浸润性导管癌中PS2的表达与ER、PR呈正相关关系,并与腋淋巴结状况和临床分期有关。PS2可以作为预测乳腺癌预后的一项重要指标。     

Antiproliferative activity and standardization of Tecomella undulata bark extract on K562 cells

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The bark of Tecomella undulata is primarily used in the treatment of syphilis, painful swellings and cancer by traditional healers. Also, it is claimed to be useful in treating urinary discharges, enlargement of spleen, leucorrhoea, leukoderma, tumors, liver disorders, gonorrhea, gout and promotes wound healing in Indian traditional system of medicine.

Aim

To establish a scientific validation for the antitumor effects of Tecomella undulata bark and explore the mechanistic pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia cell line, K562. The study was further extended to standardize the extract using quercetin as biomarker.

Methods

Induction of apoptosis by chloroform extract of Tecomella undulata bark (CTUB) was determined by MTT, Annexin V and caspase activation assays. The cell cycle analysis was done by flow cytometer and nuclear staining by DAPI. The standardization of the extract was performed through reverse phase-HPLC method under PDA detection.

Result

Results clearly showed the induction of apoptosis by CTUB in K562 cells. The effect was found to be dose dependent, having IC₅₀ of 30 μg/ml with activation of FAS, FADD, caspase 8, caspase 3/7 and fragmentation of DNA. The bioactive CTUB was determined to possess 0.03% (w/w) of quercetin.

Conclusion

The investigation clearly demonstrated the potential antitumor effect of CTUB, thereby validating the traditional claim. Quercetin, known to have anticancer activity is being reported and quantified for the first time from the bark of Tecomella undulata.     

姜黄素对APP/PS1双转基因小鼠海马PI3K及p-PI3K表达的影响

目的:观察姜黄素对AD模型APP/PS1双转基因小鼠磷酯酰肌醇-3激酶(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase,PI3K)和磷酸化磷酯酰肌醇-3激酶(phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase,p-PI3K)表达的影响.方法:将3月龄的APP/PS1双转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、罗格列酮组(10 mg· kg-1·d-1)、姜黄素高、中、低剂量组(400,200,100 mg·kg-1·d-1),对照组为同月龄同背景的非转基因小鼠.连续灌胃3个月后,应用免疫组织化学和Western blot方法检测小鼠海马中PI3K和p-PI3K的蛋白表达.结果:免疫组化染色模型组小鼠大脑海马CA1区PI3K和p-PI3K阳性细胞均较对照组明显减少(P＜0.05);与模型组相比,各干预组PI3K及p-PI3K阳性细胞均有不同程度的增加,而以罗格列酮组与姜黄素中剂量组阳性细胞恢复最为显著(P＜0.01).Western blot检测结果与免疫组化结果基本一致.结论:姜黄素可以使APP/PS1双转基因小鼠海马中已减少的PI3K和p-PI3K蛋白有所恢复,提示姜黄素可能通过调节PI3K途径的胰岛素信号转导通路发挥抗AD作用.     

Luminal型乳腺癌中TBX3表达及其与P53、PS2表达的相关性

目的研究TBX3在Luminal型乳腺癌中表达的情况及其与P53、PS2表达的相关性,探讨TBX3表达在Luminal型乳腺癌中的临床意义。方法采用免疫组化的方法,检测Luminal型乳腺癌组织标本中TBX3的表达,并分析TBX3的表达与乳腺癌相关的临床病理参数的关系。结果 (1)TBX3在luminal型乳腺癌组织中的阳性率为82.19%;(2)TBX3表达与luminal型乳腺癌的年龄及有无绝经无关(P>0.05),与乳腺癌肿块大小、淋巴结转移及分期有关(P<0.05);(3)TBX3在luminal型乳腺癌中的表达与P53表达呈正相关关系(γ=0.36283,P<0.05),与PS2表达无明显相关性(γ=-0.1761,P>0.05)。结论 TBX3与luminal型乳腺癌的发生发展及侵袭过程有关,且与P53表达呈正相关关系。     

Paraformaldehyde induces elevation of intracellular calcium and phosphatidylserine externalization in platelets

Paraformaldehyde fixation of platelets stabilizes surface antigens while altering some that are associated with cellular activation. Present experiments show that the asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine in platelets was especially sensitive to paraformaldehyde treatment. It was found that this reagent induced a dose- and time-dependent translocation of phosphatidylserine to the membrane surface as measured by annexin V binding and flow cytometry. The percent phosphatidylserine-positive cells increased from about 5% to >90%. Chelation of extracellular Ca(2+) with EGTA partially blocked this translocation. Spectrofluorimetric analysis of fluo-3 loaded platelets indicates that paraformaldehyde caused a concomitant elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations, [Ca(2+)](i). ATP levels also declined in paraformaldehyde-treated cells, suggesting that the rise in [Ca(2+)](i) ensued in part from decreased activity of calcium pumps. Previous studies indicate that phosphatidylserine externalization arises from Ca(2+)-activated randomization of membrane phospholipids and decreased transport of phosphatidylserine from the outer to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. In light of present results, paraformaldehyde fixation is best avoided particularly in studies involving platelet apoptosis or activation.     

Propensity score to evaluate prognosis in pregnancy-associated breast cancer: Analysis from a French cancer network

PurposeTo compare the prognosis of pregnancy associated breast cancer occurring during pregnancy (BCP) to non-pregnancy associated breast cancers (non-BCP) in young women managed at a national expert center.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of a prospective database using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis with known prognostic factors.ResultsWe analyzed data of 49 patients with BCP and 104 with non-BCP diagnosed between 2002 and 2017 at Tenon University Hospital (Paris, France). The BCP tumors were often locally advanced (lymph node metastases in 59%), of high grade (55%) and highly proliferative (67% with Ki67 ≥ 20%). After PSM, breast cancer-free survival (p = 0.45) and breast cancer specific survival (p = 0.81) were similar in the two groups. The recurrence rate was 12% vs 18% (p = 0.45) and the death rate was 6% vs 8% (p = 0.74) for the BCP and non-BCP groups, respectively. No difference in recurrence type was observed between the groups (p = 0.60).ConclusionsAfter PSM for known prognostic factors, the prognosis of BCP patients did not differ from that of young patients with non-BCP.     

Surgical myectomy versus alcohol septal ablation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A propensity score–matched cohort

Objectives

In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract can be relieved by surgical septal myectomy or alcohol septal ablation, but uncertainty remains regarding long-term results and comparative effectiveness of alcohol septal ablation. This study aims to compare short- and long-term outcomes of the 2 procedures.