Epstein–Barr virus in Reed–Sternberg G-like cells in non Hodgkin's lymphomas

In the course of our study on Hodgkin's disease (HD), ten cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) containing Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg-like (MRS) cells were encountered. Many of these cases had initially been diagnosed as HD, but on careful review of the histology, with the aid of immunophenotyping studies, they were reclassified as NHL. The presence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in these HRS-like cells was investigated using a combination of EBER in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunostaining for the detection of EBV-encoded latent membrane protein (LMP). HRS-like cells in four cases (two lymphoplasmacytoid lymphomas, one Richter's transformation of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, and one immunoblastic lymphoma of T-cell type) were found to be EBV-positive. In two of these cases, a second biopsy taken up to 10 years later also contained EBV in the HRS-like cells. In three of the four cases, HRS-like cells expressed the activation antigen CD30, but the expression of B- or T-cell antigens was variable. All cases of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphomas were negative for EBV. In conclusion, EBV may play a role in the development of HRS-like cells i some cases of NHL. The relationship of HRS-like cells to HRS cells of HD is discussed.     

Latent membrane protein-1 of Epstein-Barr virus inhibits cell growth and induces sensitivity to cisplatin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the EBV encoded latent membrane protein-1 expression (LMP1) is commonly found in the tumour cells. LMP1 has been shown to be involved in modulation of cell growth in B cells but the biological properties of LMP1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells are less defined. In this study, a full length LMP1 gene was introduced into an EBV negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line, CNE2, and five LMP1-expressing clones were isolated. Expression of LMP1 did not confer cell growth advantage in CNE2 cells; instead, it induced growth inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the LMP1 transfected cells were more susceptible to cisplatin-induced cell death and showed 1.4-4.0-fold increased sensitivity to cisplatin compared to the vector infected control clones. The effect of LMP1 on the balance of Bcl-2 and Bax ratio may play a role in inducing susceptibility to cisplatin-induced cell death. These results demonstrated that LMP1 did not confer growth advantage in CNE2 cells, suggesting that expression of LMP1 may not be crucial in sustaining cell growth in established cell lines. Alternatively, LMP1 alone may not be sufficient to facilitate nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell growth and additional oncogenic factors may be needed along with LMP1 in modulating the malignant property of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.     

EB病毒LMP2A特异性CTL的体外诱导及分析

用EBV LMP2A重组痘苗病毒 (rVV LMP2A )转染人树突状细胞 (DC ) ,转染后的DC分别在第 1、 7、 14天刺激相同MHC背景的T细胞 ,在IL 2作用下诱导LMP2A特异性CTL。用LDH释放法检测CTL杀伤活性 ;流式细胞术 (FACS )检测CTL诱导分化过程中CD3+ 、CD4 + 、CD8+ 、CD5 6 + 等细胞的分群变化 ;RT PCR检测细胞分化过程中FasLmRNA表达 ;生物活性法检测功能性细胞因子IFN γ的分泌。结果显示本法诱导的CTL对靶细胞有特异性杀伤活性 ,第 2次和第 3次DC刺激后杀伤活性有所上升 ;在CTL诱导分化的第 7、 14、 2 1天细胞分群以CD4 + 、CD8+ 细胞为主 ;RT PCR证实所诱导的细胞内有FasLmRNA的表达 ;随细胞培养天数的增加IFN γ分泌增加 ,在第 14天达到较高水平。研究表明重组痘苗病毒载体rVV LMP2A转染的DC刺激T细胞可诱导出EBV LMP2A特异性CTL。     

Dual function of Langerhans cells in skin TSLP-promoted TFH differentiation in mouse atopic dermatitis

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In serous ovarian neoplasms the frequency of Ki-ras mutations correlates with their malignant potential

Ki-ras mutations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and direct sequencing after microdissection. Point mutations at codon 12 were found in 7 of 20 tumours of low malignant potential (LMP) (35%) and in 2 of 6 well-differentiated carcinomas (33%). In contrast, no mutations were detected in the 11 poorly differentiated ovarian carcinoma samples or in the 7 serous cystadenomas. The frequency of Ki-ras mutations in serous ovarian tumours seems to correlate with the malignant potential of the neoplasms. The data favour the hypothesis of a de novo development of poorly differentiated ovarian carcinomas and do not support an evolution from LMP tumours or well-differentiated carcinomas. Received: 8 June 1998/Accepted: 8 October 1998     

强直性脊柱炎并发虹睫炎易感性与LMP2和LMP7基因多态性的探讨

目的　研究LMP基因多态性与强直性脊柱炎并发虹睫炎发病的关系.方法　应用PCR对正常人和病人进行HLA-B27检测以及LMP2和LMP7扩增.CfoI进行限制性酶切图谱分析.结果　强直性脊柱炎有虹睫炎(AS+AAU)病史以及单纯虹睫炎(AAU)患者LMP2基因BB纯合型较正常人以及强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者明显增高(P＜0.05).AS+AAU患者BB型OR＝3.6,AAU患者BB型OR＝5.83.LMP7基因多态性无明显差别.结论　在我国汉人中,LMP2基因多态性与AS+AAU以及AAU发病存在明显相关关系.     

EGCG干预LMP1激活的AP-1信号转导通路

目的　探讨EGCG对鼻咽癌细胞激活蛋白 1(AP 1)信号转导通路的干预作用 ,阐明在鼻咽癌细胞中茶多酚干预EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白 1(LMP1)活化的AP 1信号转导通路中靶分子的机制。方法　采用EB病毒阴性及阳性的鼻咽癌细胞系CNE1和CNE1 LMP1细胞。利用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法观察EGCG对CNE1和CNE1 LMP1细胞的生存率的影响。采用瞬间转染及报道基因法观察EGCG对AP 1活性的作用。利用间接免疫荧光法观察EGCG对JNK核移位的影响 ,再分别提取CNE1和CNE1 LMP1的胞浆及胞核蛋白 ,Westernblot分析EGCG抑制JNK的核移位后 ,胞浆及胞核蛋白中JNK的变化。采用Westernblot分析EGCG对c Jun的磷酸化水平的影响。采用瞬间转染及报道基因法观察EGCG对cyclinD1启动子活性的影响 ,并用Westernblot分析EGCG对cyclinD1蛋白表达的作用。结果　EGCG对鼻咽癌细胞的抑制作用有剂量依赖性 ,并可抑制AP 1的活性。EGCG能抑制JNK的核移位 ,并抑制c Jun的磷酸化。EGCG对AP 1信号通路下游的靶基因cyclinD1的启动子活性及其蛋白表达都有抑制作用。结论　EGCG对信号转导通路上的AP 1、JNK、c Jun、cyclinD1多个靶点分子具有干预作用。LMP1是EB病毒这种编码的蛋白 ,因此 ,EGCG抑制与病毒相联系的信号转导通路 ,可能是EGCG抑制与病毒相关的肿瘤的分子机     

LMP1通过Survivin抑制60Co诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡

目的　研究EB病毒编码的潜伏膜蛋白 1(LMP1)介导凋亡抑制蛋白 (Survivin)表达对辐射效应的影响。方法　利用LMP1可调控表达鼻咽癌细胞系 (Tet on LMP1HNE2 )诱导LMP1表达 ,同时 60 Co照射 5Gy ,采用形态学观察、流式细胞术和半胱氨酸蛋白酶 3(Caspase 3)活性检测等方法 ,分析LMP1表达对60 Co诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的影响。用反义Survivin寡核苷酸阻断Survivin表达 ,观察Sur vivin表达阻断对60 Co辐射效应的影响。结果　LMP1表达抑制60 Co诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡 ,LMP1表达60 Co照射组形态学和流式细胞术检测凋亡率 (32 .7%± 2 .1% ,6 .3% )明显低于LMP1表达阴性组 (6 6 .0 %± 3.0 % ,2 9.6 % ) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;转染Survivin反义寡核酸后细胞凋亡率 (5 9.3%± 3.2 % ,3.0 % )明显高于对照组 (2 6 .0 %± 2 .6 % ,8.6 % ) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;同样转染Survivin反义寡核酸组Caspase 3活性 (3.78nmol/ 10 6)高于对照组 (2 .79nmol/ 10 6)。结论　提示LMP1通过介导Survivin表达而抑制60 Co照射诱导凋亡 ,Survivin反义核酸协同辐射诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡 ,Survivin作为增敏放射治疗靶 ,具有潜在的临床意义。     

Ondine's Curse: hemodynamic response to diaphragm pacing (electrophrenic respiration)

The hemodynamic response to diaphragm pacing was studied in eight patients with Ondine's Curse. It was shown that such pacing could lower the pulmonary artery pressure while correction of hypoxemia alone could not. It was demonstrated that on pacing, calculated pulmonary arteriolar resistance decreased and there was normalization of arterial blood gases. The mechanism for these changes was improved alveolar ventilation.