丹参二萜醌类活性成分通过PKCδ/PKD1μ信号通路抗胰腺癌的作用研究

摘要 目的 验证丹参二萜醌类活性成分对胰腺癌和多发性骨髓瘤的抑制效应，阐明其诱导胰腺癌和多发性骨髓瘤凋亡的作用机制。方法 胰腺癌细胞AsPC-1、BxPC-3用含10% gibco胎牛血清的RPMI1640培养液培养，按隐丹参酮组（30μM）、丹参新酮组（15μM）、去氢丹参新酮组（15μM）分别加药处理。cell-counting-kit-8（CCK8）法检测细胞存活率；AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡；Western Blot检测相关PKC同工酶磷酸化水平；对AsPC-1和BxPC-3细胞进行siRNA转染，Western Blot检测相关PKC同工酶磷酸化水平。结果 隐丹参酮组AsPC-1、BxPC-3细胞存活率分别为40.1%±5.0%、36.2%±5.4%；丹参新酮组AsPC-1、BxPC-3细胞存活率分别为52.1%±5.1%、47.2%±5.7%；去氢丹参新组AsPC-1、BxPC-3细胞存活率分别为46.1%±5.0%、42.2%±5.4%(P<0.01)。流式细胞术结果显示：AsPC-1组内空白对照组、隐丹参酮组、丹参新酮组、去氢丹参新酮组细胞的凋亡率分别为4.71%、30.10%、52.26%、42.30%；BxPC-3组内空白对照组、隐丹参酮组、丹参新酮组、去氢丹参新酮组细胞的凋亡率分别为5.10%、30.66%、33.76%、51.76%（P<0.01）。Western Blot检测显示隐丹参酮组、丹参新酮组、去氢丹参新酮组较空白对照组，胰腺癌AsPC-1、BxPC-3细胞p-PKD/PKCμ ser916、p-PKCδ thr505、p-PKD/PKCμ ser744/748的水平降低。Western Blot检测显示，siRNA沉默胰腺癌AsPC-1、BxPC-3细胞PKCδ，胰腺癌AsPC-1、BxPC-3细胞PKD/PKCμ ser744/748的磷酸化水平下调。结论 隐丹参酮、丹参新酮、去氢丹参新酮通过抑制PKCδthr505的磷酸化水平，继而PKD1μser744/748磷酸化水平下调，从而显著促进胰腺癌AsPC-1和BxPC-3细胞凋亡发生。     

A trip through the signaling pathways of melanoma

Many cellular signaling pathways are involved in the development of cancer. Depending on the tumor entity, the nature as well as the mode of activation can differ. Some signaling pathways frequently show changes as all tumor cells have to fulfill some basic requirements such as independence from growth factors or insensitivity against apoptosis. In this review, the possibilities of a tumor to manipulate signaling pathways to reach these goals are exemplified based on an archetypical melanoma cell. In addition, new therapeutic options based on the knowledge of signaling pathways will be discussed.     

转TrkC基因神经干细胞移植对脊髓损伤的治疗作用

目的 研究转酪氨酸激酶C（tyrosine kinase C，TrkC）基因神经干细胞（neural stem cells，NSCs）移植治疗脊髓损伤的作用。方法 60只SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组（A组）、脊髓半切组（B组）、NSCs移植组（C组）、NSCs移植＋神经营养素（NT）-3局部使用（D）组、转TrkC基WNSCs移植组（E组）和转TrkC基因NSCs移植＋NT-3局部使用组（F组），每组10只。脊髓损伤后第9天进行细胞移植。各组大鼠在细胞移植后2个月，行体感诱发电位（SEP）和运动诱发电位（MEP）检查以及脊髓运动功能（BBB）评分。结果 细胞移植后2个月SEP和MEP发生潜伏期和峰峰波幅以及右后肢BBB评分的恢复均以下组最佳，与其他各组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0．05，0．01）。结论在局部给予的NT-3作用下，转TrkC基因NSCs能较好地促进损伤脊髓功能的恢复。     

血清磷、肌酸激酶及其同工酶的测定在肠梗阻诊断中的应用

肠梗阻是临床常见的急腹症，绞窄性肠梗阻的死亡率可高达４５％～３０％，我们自１９９５年８月至１９９７年４月共收治肠梗阻５３例，其中单纯性肠梗阻２８例，经手术证实为绞窄性肠梗阻２５例（其中肠坏死８例），在治疗前均测定血清磷、肌酸激酶及其同工酶，其结果：本组病例中血清磷升高者１４例，其中以８例肠坏死为显著，肌酸激酶及其同功酶的升高也以绞窄性肠梗阻为明显，其中又以发病时间在４８小时以内者和８例肠坏死者为著，因此，我们认为：血清磷、肌酸激酶及其同工酶的测定可以作为判断肠管是否发生绞窄及坏死的辅助诊断指标     

氯沙坦调节两肾一夹型高血压大鼠血管重塑及其与细胞外信号调节激酶1/2的关系

为探讨特异性血管紧张素Ⅱ受体 1阻断剂氯沙坦调节高血压血管重塑与细胞外信号调节激酶的关系 ,本文采用两肾一夹型高血压大鼠为动物模型 ,术后第 2、4、6周测血压 ,6周后处死大鼠称心脏重量 ,取胸主动脉和肠系膜动脉作形态学观察和计算机图像分析 ,免疫印迹方法检测主动脉中磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶及总细胞外信号调节激酶的表达。结果发现 ,与假手术对照组相比 ,模型组大鼠血压和心脏与体重之比分别增加 5 0 %和 48%(P均 <0 .0 1) ,主动脉和肠系膜动脉的内径与中膜厚度之比明显减少 (分别为 7.10± 0 .5 9比 9.2 4± 1.17,6.0 0± 0 .89比 8.96± 1.2 3 ) ,中膜厚度明显增加 (分别为 119.47± 10 .77μm比 91.5 5± 14.45 μm ,49.60± 1.0 4μm比 3 7.0 1± 4.85 μm ,P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,主动脉中磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶的表达显著增强 ;氯沙坦治疗后 ,血压、心脏与体重之比分别下降到 13 2± 9mmHg、0 .3 2± 0 .0 3 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,主动脉和肠系膜动脉的内径与中膜厚度之比明显增加 ,中膜厚度明显减小 ,并下调主动脉中磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶的表达。提示氯沙坦可明显改善两肾一夹型高血压大鼠的血管重塑 ,这种调节可能是通过细胞外信号调节激酶信号途经发挥作用的     

Are thrombocyte membranes altered in Alzheimer''s disease? A morphometric and biochemical study

Morphometric analysis of thrombocytes from patients with Alzheimer's disease, from patients with multi-infarct dementia, and from young and agematched healthy control donors, did not reveal any Alzheimer-related increase in internal membranes. Biochemical analysis showed a reduced cholesterol content of thrombocyte membrane preparations from Alzheimer patients relative to age-matched controls, but not relative to multi-infarct dementia patients. Overall distribution of protein kinase C activity (PKC) between cytosol and membrane, in resting as well as in activated thrombocytes from Alzheimer patients, was similar to that in the control groups. However, both Alzheimer and multi-infarct dementia patients had lower cytosolic levels of basal kinase and PKC activities than age-matched controls, while only Alzheimer patients had lower cytoskeletal PKC activity than controls.     

Duchenne muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy in the same patient

We report on the first patient identified with myotonic dystrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The family of the propositus had a strong history of myotonic dystrophy, and there was an intrafamilial pathological expansion of the responsible CTG repeat between the mildly affected mother (160 repeats; normal 27 repeats) and her more severely affected son (650 repeats), and his sister (650 repeats). The propositus was an isolated case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy with marked dystrophin deficiency in muscle biopsy. The patient was still ambulatory post age 16. Myotonic dystrophy could interfere to some extent with the progression of Duchenne dystrophy. However, other interpretations are possible. Twelve percent of dystrophin revertant fibers as observed by immunohistochemistry could be sufficient to ameliorate typical DMD clinical severity, or the patient may present a somatic mosaic. The pathophysiological interactions of these two unlinked disorders are discussed at the clinical and histopathological levels. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

激活素A对免疫细胞活性的影响

观察了激活素Ａ对小鼠Ｔ／Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖和ＮＫ细胞毒活性的影响。结果表明，激活素Ａ在１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ条件下，对体外培养的Ｔ／Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖和ＮＫ细胞毒活性有明显的促进作用，与对照组比较具有明显的统计学差异（Ｐ〈０．０５），信号传递系统的研究表明，激活素Ａ有协同ＰＫＣ信号传递系统刺激物ＴＰＡ的促细胞增殖效应，并能促进Ｃａ＾２＋载体Ａ２３１８７的作用，上述资料提示，激活素Ａ可能是通过增加细胞钙离子浓度，激     

乳酸脱氢酶同工酶LD1/LD2比值测定在急性心肌梗塞诊断中的意义

目的与方法:用琼脂凝胶电泳法测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶LD1/LD2比值.结果:表明,急性心肌梗塞(AMI)组44例平均1.0464士0.2947,非心肌梗塞组35例平均0.7690±0.1333,二者比较差异显著.首次血清的敏感性为47.7%(21/44),特异性为97.1%(34/35).并与发病后不同时间LDH.CK-MB,GOT做了比较,探讨其对AMI的诊断价值.结论:本文亦表明LDH同工酶的测定可弥补心电图对AMI诊断上的不足.