傅立叶变换红外光谱用于不同状态胆囊组织的初步研究

目的:探索正常、炎性和癌变胆囊组织各自特异的傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表现。方法:应用FT-IR对7例正常胆囊组织、7例炎性胆囊组织和2例胆囊癌组织标本进行检测,总结与组织状态相关的光谱特征。结果:胆囊正常、炎性和癌组织具有不同的FT-IR光谱表现,1550cm~(-1)处的酰Ⅱ带在癌组织中表现较弱,峰形低平,而在正常组织中则较强,峰形高尖。相叶强度Ⅰ1550与Ⅰ1647的比值在7例正常组织中为0.33,0.48.0.54,0.38,0.41,0.52,0.45,炎性组织中为0.32,0.27,0.34,0.25,0.33,0.28,0.29,2例癌组织分别为0.25和0.28;Ⅰ1080与Ⅰ1550的比值在正常组织中为0.059,0.042,0.077,0.085,0.092,0.100,0.081,炎性组织中为0.046,0.040,0.053,0.053,0.048,0.078,0.100,2例癌组织中为0.110和0.170。正常组织中1453cm~(-1)处的峰值高于1402cm~(-1)处,而在癌组织中则相反。结论:胆囊正常、炎性和癌组织的FT-IR表现不同,FT-IR有望成为胆道疾病临床诊断的一种新手段。     

Multidimensional Chromatographic and Hyphenated Techniques for Hydrophilic Copolymers, 1

Summary: The chromatographic analysis of hydrophilic copolymers is complicated due to the fact that in most cases aqueous eluents must be used. In aqueous eluents different polar and ionic effects may disturb the selective interactions between the macromolecules and the stationary phase making it impossible to separate such copolymers with regard to chemical composition. Therefore, 2D chromatography combining a separation according to composition with a separation according to molar mass has been applied mostly to polymers that are soluble in organic solvents. The present contribution describes experimental approaches to analyze such hydrophilic copolymers by 2D‐chromatography. For a model polymer system resulting from the copolymerization of methacrylic acid and a poly(ethylene glycol) macromonomer, it is shown that different analytical techniques including SEC, LC‐CC, MALDI‐TOF MS and 2D chromatography can be used to analyze the different parameters of molecular heterogeneity of such copolymers.

2D separation of poly(MPEG‐MM 2), 1^st dimension: LC‐CC, 2^nd dimension: SEC.     

慢病毒介导的外源基因体外投递系统的建立

目的针对不同哺乳类细胞建立相应的慢病毒体外感染体系，以建立慢病毒介导的外源基因体外投递系统。方法按Invitrogen公司推荐的标准程序进行慢病毒（携带EGFP基因）包装（脂质体介导的瞬时转染）、超速离心浓缩和保存等，随后用病毒上清或浓缩后的病毒感染293FT细胞，24—48h后荧光显微镜下观察是否见绿色荧光以证实慢病毒是否成功生产；将携带EGFP基因的病毒上清或浓缩后的病毒分别加入内含293FF细胞、小鼠ES细胞、小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞（MEFs）或小鼠睾丸生殖细胞的培养板孔内，感染6—12h后，用相应培养基替换感染液，数天后荧光显微镜下观察是否见绿色荧光以证实慢病毒是否成功感染不同哺乳类细胞。结果按标准程序生产的携带EGFP基因慢病毒（病毒上清或浓缩后的病毒）成功高效率感染293FF细胞、MEFs或小鼠睾丸生殖细胞；用浓缩后的病毒（携带EGFP基因）感染小鼠ES细胞，亦可获得EGFP阳性的ES细胞克隆。结论熟练掌握了慢病毒包装、浓缩及鉴定等技术，同时针对不同哺乳类细胞建立了相应的慢病毒介导的外源基因体外传递系统，这些为相关后续研究打下了良好的基础。     

磁酶免系统测定血清FT3、FT4及其临床应用

血清游离3，5，3’-三碘甲状腺氨酸（FT3）、游离四碘甲状腺氨酸（FT4）是甲状腺疾病诊断与疗效评定的重要指标。在国内，一般采用放射免疫法（RIA）检测，其优点是敏感可靠，缺点为斌剂受同位素半衰期的限制，有效期短，放射性辐射危害；磁分离酶联免疫测定系统（SEROZYME）检测血清FT3、FT4，是一种超微量的非放射性物质标记的免疫化学定量分析技术。本文用磁酶免法检测血清FT3、FT4，并与放射免疫法对比研究，现将结果报告如下。     

Predictive value of free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) ratio in long-term outcomes of euthyroid patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease

Background and aimsWhether routine assessment of FT3/FT4 ratio in euthyroid patients with three-vessel disease (3VD) could help identify high-risk individuals remains unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between FT3/FT4 ratio and long-term clinical outcomes in this specific population.Methods and resultsThis study included 2106 euthyroid patients with 3VD (stenoses of ≥50% in right coronary artery, left circumflex and left anterior descending). Patients were categorized into three groups according to tertiles of FT3/FT4 ratio (Q1>2.58,n = 704; 2.2 ≤ Q2<2.58, n = 706; Q3<2.22, n = 696). The median follow-up time was 5.3 years, during which 206 deaths and 332 MACCEs (consisting of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) occurred. Compared with the other two groups, patients with low level of FT3/FT4 ratio tended to be female, older, diabetic, and had significantly higher incidences of all-cause death, cardiac death and MACCE (all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that patients with low level of FT3/FT4 ratio had higher risks of long-term cardiac death (adjusted HR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.06–3.28, P = 0.030) and MACCE (adjusted HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.07–1.93, P = 0.017) than those with high level of FT3/FT4 ratio. Subgroup analysis showed there was a significant interaction between FT3/FT4 ratio and age (≥65 years vs.<65 years) for MACCE (P = 0.029).ConclusionLow level of FT3/FT4 ratio is independently associated with an increased risk of long-term cardiac death and MACCE in euthyroid patients with 3VD. Routine assessment of FT3/FT4 ratio might be helpful to identify high-risk individuals in this specific population.     

A comparison of fluency training and discrete trial instruction to teach letter sounds to children with ASD: Acquisition and learning outcomes

The study investigated the efficacy of fluency training (FT) and discrete trial instruction (DTI) to teach phonic reading to individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with particular emphasis on the acquisition of correct letter-sound correspondence and the learning outcomes of behavioural fluency instruction. An alternating-treatment design was employed to compare the treatment effects of FT versus DTI for the acquisition, retention, stability, endurance, and application of phonics in four children with ASD. The results showed that for two participants, FT was more efficient for the acquisition of correct letter-sound correspondence. For the remaining two participants, DTI resulted in more rapid acquisition. For all four participants, FT produced better results during post-test retention, endurance, stability, and application checks. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to reading instruction, as well as the use of rate-building procedures with individuals with ASD.     

Ellagic acid ameliorates cisplatin induced hepatotoxicity in colon carcinogenesis

The clinical application of cisplatin (CP), one of the most extensively used antineoplastic drug, is restricted by its numerous side effects. CP's antitumor potential resides in the free generation of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress. This stress is a source of the side effects associated with its use. Ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenol is known to possess multiple health benefits owing to its antioxidant properties. EA is largely metabolized by the colon microbiota of different mammals and therefore was a polyphenol of choice in the present study. The present study was thus carried out to explore the protective potential of EA on CP induced hepatotoxicity in colon tumor bearing mice. The administration of EA (10 mg/kg bwt po daily for 6 weeks) significantly ameliorated the toxicity caused by CP (5 mg/kg bwt ip once a week for 4 weeks). Activities of liver marker enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase were brought back to normal. EA cotreatment also led to a marked reduction in the extent of peroxidative damage to liver tissue as was evident from the improvement in the histopathological changes observed and FT‐IR analysis. The present study, therefore, suggests that the administration of EA reduces the CP‐induced hepatotoxicity, thereby emerging out as a potential candidate for chemopreventive action.     

电化学发光法与放射免疫分析法检测血清甲状腺素的比较

目的 探讨电化学发光法与放射免疫法检测血清甲状腺激素的效果差异,为临床甲状腺激素检测提供参考.方法 选择我院普外科及内分泌科住院甲状腺疾病患者血清标本340份,分别采用电化学发光法及放射免疫法进行检测,比较两种方法检测血清TSH、FT3、FT4线性范围,相关性及精密度.结果 电化学发光法检测血清TSH、FT3、FT4线性范围宽于放射免疫法,两种检测方法检测血清TSH、FT3、FT4具有良好的相关性,电化学发光法检测血清TSH、FT3、FT4精密度高于放射免疫法.结论 电化学发光法与放射免疫法检测血清甲状腺激素能够取得相同的检测效果,电化学发光法检测方法简单,线性范围较宽,可重复性较好,更适合临床采用.     

Thyroid Status and Death Risk in US Veterans With Chronic Kidney Disease

Objective

Given that patients with non–dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) have a disproportionately higher prevalence of hypothyroidism compared with their non-CKD counterparts, we sought to determine the association between thyroid status, defined by serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels, and mortality among a national cohort of patients with NDD-CKD.

辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗缺血性脑卒中对患者血清 hs－CRP、FT3、FT4水平的影响

目的：观察辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗缺血性脑卒中对患者血清超敏C反应蛋白（ hs－CRP）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（ FT3）、甲状腺素（ FT4）水平的影响。方法将107例缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为试验组54例和对照组53例。试验组给予辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗,对照组仅给予普罗布考治疗,连续治疗21d。比较2组患者治疗前后血清hs－CRP、FT3、FT4变化。结果治疗前2组患者血清hs－CRP、FT3、FT4水平差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。治疗后2组患者hs－CRP均有所降低,但试验组患者降低幅度大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）;治疗后2组FT3、FT4水平均增高,但试验组患者增幅大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗缺血性脑卒中可显著降低患者血清hs－CRP水平,增高FT3、FT4水平,使其趋于正常水平。