单侧听力耳鼓室成形术的临床探讨

目的分析单侧听耳患者的鼓室成形术,了解手术方法和手术疗效。方法对9耳慢性化脓性中耳炎胆脂瘤型进行了乳突根治术加鼓室成形术,对37耳慢性化脓性中耳炎单纯型和中耳炎后遗症进行鼓室成形术,并比较术后效果。手术后3个月~1年之间进行术后听力评价。结果46耳单侧听力耳术前言语频率气导平均听阈为60.2±23.1dB HL,骨导听阈35.7±17.0dB HL;手术后的平均气导听阈为51.3±22.6dB HL,骨导听阈为36.3±10.6dB HL。鼓室成形术后疗效评定:37耳外耳道宽敞,人工鼓膜完整,血运好,近正常鼓膜色泽;纯音测听500~2000Hz平均气导听力改善23例(62.16%,23/37),听力不变13例(35.14%,13/37),听力恶化(下降10dB以上)1例(2.70%,1/37)。乳突根治术加鼓室成形术后疗效评定:9耳术腔干洁,人工鼓膜完整,血运好,近正常鼓膜色;纯音测听500~2000Hz平均气导听力改善5例(56.56%,5/9),听力不变4例(44.44%,4/9)。结论各型慢性化脓性中耳炎都可作为单侧听力耳的手术适应症。手术时只要注意手术技巧,认真仔细,一般不会造成手术后骨导听力的下降。术后干耳和保持原有听力是手术的最终目的。     

保留部分上鼓室外侧壁鼓室成形术临床初探

目的 :探讨保留部分上鼓室外侧壁鼓室成形术的临床价值。方法 :对 4例慢性化脓性中耳炎患者行保留部分上鼓室外侧壁鼓室成形术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :经随访半年 ,听力提高 10～ 2 0dB ,鼓膜外形正常 ,全部干耳。结论 :保留部分上鼓室外侧壁鼓室成形术能有效提高听力和干耳率 ,且手术安全     

慢性中耳炎活动期听力重建的研究

目的 :探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎活动期听力重建的可能性。方法 :对 34例慢性中耳炎患者于活动期行鼓室探查 ,取出锤、砧骨 ,开放鼓峡 ,行鼓室成形术。其中 ,2 3例用自体听骨重建听骨链 (自体听骨组 ) ,1 1例用人工钛听骨重建听骨链 (人工钛听骨组 )。结果 :34例术后 3个月平均气导听力提高 1 5～ 30dBHL。术后 1年 ,自体听骨组 2 3例中 ,6例听力下降至术前水平 ,其中 1例穿孔 ;人工钛听骨组 1 1例中 ,1例听力明显下降 ,移植物完整 ,位置正常。 34例听力提高 (1 5dB以上 )率为 79.4 % (2 7/ 34) ,其中人工钛听骨组听力提高率为 90 .9% (1 0 /1 1 ) ,未见排斥 ;自体听骨组为 73.9% (1 7/ 2 3)。人工钛听骨组听力提高明显优于自体听骨组 ,差异有极显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :慢性化脓性中耳炎活动期行鼓室成形听力重建是可行的 ;彻底开放鼓峡 ,清除上鼓室、鼓窦入口病灶 ,选择良好的听骨赝复物 ,是手术取得成功的关键     

上鼓室重建及鼓室成形术在开放式乳突根治中的应用

目的 探讨重建上鼓室外侧壁在开放式乳突根治中的意义。方法 选择开放式乳突根治的病人，同时应用同种异体鼻中隔软骨或自体乳突皮质骨，重建上鼓室外侧壁，完成上鼓室成形术20例。结果 20例手术均获得干耳，术后3～6个月平均气导听力提高20dB以上4耳，l0～20dB 13耳。结论 应用同种异体鼻中隔软骨或自体乳突皮质骨，重建上鼓室外侧壁，能改善行开放式乳突根治病人的听力。     

中耳粘连手术治疗的疗效观察

中耳粘连是耳外科治疗的难题之一.为总结20年来手术治疗的体会和教训,对105例(129耳)的治疗情况进行了回顾性分析.对中耳粘连进行了分类,表明选择正确的手术方式有助于听力的改善;亦表明异物作为隔离物是不可取的;要进一步提高手术疗效尚有待进一步的探讨.     

慢性化脓性中耳炎的咽鼓管功能对手术疗效的影响

目的探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎咽鼓管功能改变对手术疗效的影响.方法分析40耳行鼓室成形术的慢性化脓性中耳炎的咽鼓管功能与手术疗效的关系.咽鼓管功能检查用正-负压试验、TTAG法及音响法,咽鼓管鼓室口及咽口的观察分别用鼓室镜及鼻窦镜,对比分析咽鼓管功能改变与病变部位的关系,并比较鼓室成形术后咽鼓管功能正常耳与异常耳的鼓膜生长及听力变化情况.结果慢性化脓性中耳炎的咽鼓管功能与鼓室口病变程度相关,鼓室口病变轻者,咽鼓管功能良好;而鼓室口病变重者咽鼓管功能不良.40耳鼓室成形术后咽鼓管功能良好耳鼓膜生长良好,咽鼓管功能不良耳鼓膜生长欠佳;两者均有统计学意义.结论慢性化脓性中耳炎咽鼓管功能与鼓室成形术效果关系密切,咽鼓管功能障碍可能是导致手术失败的重要因素之一.     

耳内镜与显微镜下鼓室成形术治疗静止的单纯型慢性中耳炎效果比较

目的 比较耳内镜与显微镜下鼓室成形术治疗非胆脂瘤型慢性中耳炎(COM)的疗效、手术和麻醉持续时间及优缺点。方法 回顾研究2015年6月~2018年5月期间,在本院行手术治疗(耳内镜或显微镜下鼓室成形术)的125例(138耳)非胆脂瘤型COM患者资料,以2017年6月前后为界限,将其分为显微镜手术组和耳内镜手术组。2组之间的比较集中在以下方面:①术后鼓膜愈合率和并发症;②听力恢复情况;③手术及麻醉持续时间。所有患者术后随访至少3个月。结果 耳内镜组和显微镜组的鼓膜愈合率分别为95.8%和92.2%(P>0.05),听力平均增益分别为(10.27±6.4)dB和(12.43±7.46)dB。耳内镜组的手术平均时间[(87.8±19.0)min vs. (110.2±17.0)min, P<0.05)]和麻醉平均时间[(122.1±21.25) min vs.(145.8±16.88)min, P<0.05)]均少于显微镜组。结论 耳内镜下鼓室成形术在术后鼓膜愈合率、并发症及听力恢复方面与显微镜手术相当,但是耳内镜在手术及麻醉持续时间方面更有优势,耳内镜为非胆脂瘤型COM治疗的理想选择。     

Study of Outcome of Tympanoplasties in Relation to Size and Site of Tympanic Membrane Perforation

There are not many studies on the effect of the site and size of the perforation on the hearing loss. This study is set to investigate the relationship between the size and site of perforation and hearing loss. This study was carried out between September 2011 to September 2013, at a tertiary care centre during which 100 cases of chronic otitis media tubotympanic type having central perforation were selected. All patients underwent, tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia/cartilage graft, underlay technique with or without simple mastoidectomy/modified radical mastoidectomy and followed up for 3 months and evaluated for graft uptake and hearing improvement with respect to size and site of TM perforation. To measure the size of perforation intra-operatively, thin transparency sheet was used, on which a graph paper of 1 × 1 mm² size was printed. Significant relationship was observed between size and site of tympanic membrane perforation with hearing loss. Perforations which were involving all four quadrants (AS + AI + PS + PI) are having maximum residual perforations after the surgery. In relation with size, subtotal perforation were having more residual perforations postoperatively, followed by medium sized perforations. An inherent relationship noted between ossicular involvement and hearing loss, maximum average hearing loss was observed in those cases, where all three ossicles (malleus, incus & stapes) were involved, also more hearing loss was noted in posterior perforations.     

耳内窥镜在治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎及中耳胆脂瘤手术中的应用价值

目的 对耳内窥镜在慢性化脓性中耳炎及中耳胆脂瘤手术中的应用价值进行探讨.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年10月嘉兴市中医院收治的87例共92耳慢性化脓性中耳炎及中耳胆脂瘤患者在耳内窥镜下手术的临床资料.结果 根据患者的病史及术前检查结果诊断,对24耳单纯型中耳炎患者在耳内窥镜下行鼓室成型术,68耳中耳胆脂瘤患者在耳内窥镜下进行不同类型的乳突根治术,术后6个月对其治疗效果评价,痊愈38耳,占41.3％,有效54耳,占58.7％,无效0耳,总有效率100％;术后6个月气导平均听阈(23.4±4.1)dB显著性低于术前(39.1 ±8.3)dB;术后6个月气骨导差(27.8 ±8.9)dB显著性低于术前的(39.4 ±10.1)dB,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);术后随访6个月～2年,仅发现有1例单纯型中耳炎患者出现鼓膜小穿孔,保守治疗后治愈;另外1例患者术后出现水平眼震、恶心呕吐等症状,但给予抗炎治疗后症状明显缓解.结论 采用耳内窥镜手术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎及中耳胆脂瘤临床效果满意,且可以明显改善患者的听力,值得临床推广.     

Comparison of endoscopic transcanal and microscopic approach in Type 1 tympanoplasty

IntroductionEndoscopic tympanoplasty is a minimally invasive surgery that may be performed via a solely transcanal approach. The use of endoscopes in otologic procedures has been increasing worldwide. The endoscopic approach facilitates the transcanal tympanoplasty, even in patients having the narrow external ear canal with an anterior wall protrusion.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to compare the surgical and audiological outcomes of endoscopic transcanal and conventional microscopic approach in Type 1 tympanoplasty.MethodsThe graft success rates, hearing outcomes, complications, and duration of surgery in patients who underwent endoscopic and microscopic tympanoplasty between October 2015 and April 2018 were retrospectively analysed.ResultsGraft success rates were 94.8 per cent and 92.9 per cent for the endoscopic and microscopic group, respectively (p > 0.05). Postoperative air-bone gap values were improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.001). The average duration of surgery was significantly shorter in the endoscopic group (mean 34.9 min) relative to the microscopic group (mean 52.7 min) (p < 0.05). The average hospitalization period was 5.2 h (range 3–6 h) in Group I whereas it was 26.1 h (range 18–36 h) in Group II (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe endoscopic transcanal tympanoplasty approach is a reasonable alternative to conventional microscopic tympanoplasty in the treatment of chronic otitis media, with comparable graft success rates and hearing outcomes.