Bilateral choanal atresia and paranasal sinus hypoplasia in an adult patient with hypogammaglobulinaemia

We present an unusual case of a young female patient presenting with bilateral choanal atresia, which was probably acquired, associated with nasal and paranasal sinus hypoplasia and hypogammaglobulinaemia.     

Embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulas draining into the transverse or sigmoid sinus

The results of embolisation of dural arteriovenous fistulas draining into the transverse or sigmoid sinus were evaluated in 20 patients. Tinnitus was the main symptom in all patients although one also suffered from vertigo and sudden deafness. Nine patients were treated with PVA (polyvinylalcohol) alone and 11 with combined PVA and bucrylate (isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate) in 1–9 procedures. Recurrence of symptoms, requiring repeated procedures was common but at subsequent clinical follow up 10 patients had no tinnitus, 5 were improved and only 5 experienced no change. Complications occured in six patients: four had transient neurological symptoms and one of these also developed a necrotic wound which later healed. One patient suffered from a cranial nerve palsy and one had an intracranial haemorrhage after a transvenous embolisation. This last patient recovered completely. The best clinical results were achieved in small fistulas and fistulas treated with combined bucrylate and PVA.     

18例原发鼻腔和鼻窦的T/NK淋巴瘤的临床分析

目的：探讨原发于鼻腔和鼻窦的T／NK恶性淋巴瘤的临床特点。方法：对18例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：鼻腔和鼻窦的T／NK淋巴瘤首发症状不典型，多为鼻塞、涕血、局部肿胀及发热等，临床误诊率高；高分期及高侵袭性淋巴瘤预后差。结论：鼻腔鼻窦的T／NK淋巴瘤是结外非霍奇金恶性淋巴瘤(NHL)的一个独特类型，首发症状多样，临床上应注意对该病的认识，防止误诊；预后有赖于病理分型和临床分期。     

Anatomic variations of surgical importance in ethmoid labyrinth and sphenoid sinus. A study of radiological anatomy

Summary The present study was performed on axial and coronal CT scans of 100 patients, most of whom were affected by nasal polyposis. Five observers had to analyse the radiograms and answer a questionnaire including the following items: presence of a supraorbital recess; identification of anterior and posterior ethmoidal canals; dehiscences in the lamina papyracea; pneumatized middle turbinate; presence of a spheno-maxillary plate; presence of Haller's cells; presence of Onodi's cells; relationships of the optic canal; relationships of the internal carotid artery; relationships of the maxillary nerve; relationships of the vidian nerve; level difference between the ethmoid roof and nasal vault; depth of the sphenoethmoidal recess. The data obtained were compared with those drawn from anatomical studies. The fair agreement between them proves the value of CT as an alternative method for studying paranasal sinuses anatomy.

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Anatomie radiologique des variations du labyrinthe ethmoïdal et du sinus sphénoïdal et leurs conséquences chirurgicales

Résumé Cette étude a été réalisée sur 100 patients dont la plupart présentait une polypose nasale étudiée en coupes T D M axiale et coronale. Cinq lecteurs ont revu les clichés et répondu au questionnaire suivant: présence d'un récessus supra orbitaire; identification des canaux ethmoïdaux antérieur et postérieur; déhiscence de la lame papyracée; pneumatisation du cornet moyen; présence d'un plateau sphéno maxillaire; présence de cellules de Haller; présence de cellules d'Onodi; rapports du canal optique; rapports de l'artère carotide interne; rapports du nerf maxillaire; rapports du nerf vidien; dénivelé entre le toit ethmoïdal et le toit nasal; profondeur du récessus sphéno-ethmoïdal. Les données obtenues ont été comparées avec celles provenant de travaux anatomiques. La concordance acceptable entre les deux démontre la valeur du scanner comme méthode d'étude alternative de l'anatomie des sinus para nasaux.

     

Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical evidence of neuroectodermal origin

The authors report a case of sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma in a 37-year-old man, which was located in the anterior skull base and extended to the right nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The tumor was surgically resected twice, but it could not be removed completely. Microscopically, it was mainly composed of primitive cell nests within a moderately cellular stroma. The components of squamous cell epithelia with focal teratoid appearance and adenocarcinomatous differentiation were observed. There were many rhabdomyoblasts scattered in the nests and stroma. Ultrastructurally, the primitive cells had many neural processes with parallel microtubules, resembling olfactory neuroblastoma. Rhabdomyoblasts showed various degrees of skeletal muscle differentiation. Some of the stromal spindle cells had actin filaments with dense patches and dense core granules. Immunohistochemically, the primitive cells were positive for epithelial markers, neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, and myogenic regulatory proteins. The rhabdomyoblasts showed immunoreactivity for myoid markers, cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and synaptophysin. Most of the stromal spindle cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin. The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings suggest that primitive cells had the most primitive phenotype of placodes, and support the possibility that sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma is essentially a neuroectodermal tumor with divergent differentiation.     

功能性鼻窦内窥镜手术100例疗效观察

目的：功能性鼻窦内窥镜手术的长期疗效。方法：采用Messerklinger术式为100例患者手术;并以传统术式治疗100例作对照。结果：内窥镜组临床治愈率81％,总有效率95％,明显优于传统手术组（P＜0．05）,手术并发症发生率为6％,明显低于传统组（P＜0．05）。结论：内窥镜手术长期疗效可靠,并发症少,复发率低。     

双进路鼻窦内窥镜下治疗上颌窦良性占位性病变(附22例报告)

目的 :探讨处理上颌窦良性病变的一种较好进路。方法 :采用经犬齿窝进路和扩大自然窦口的方法对双侧上颌窦良性占位性病变进行治疗。结果 :经 3个月至 2年的术后随访 ,无 1例复发 ,自然窦口无闭锁。结论 :采用双进路治疗上颌窦良性占位性病变 ,视野清楚 ,操作方便 ,效果好 ,值得临床推广应用。     

内镜鼻窦手术后局部应用Merogel对促进术腔黏膜上皮化的临床效果观察

目的　观察使用美国Xomed公司生产的Merogel(透明质酸 )作为内镜鼻窦手术后的术腔填塞物对促进术腔上皮化的作用。方法　对 16例 (32侧 )经鼻内镜全鼻窦开放术患者进行同体对照观察 ,左侧为Merogel观察组 ,右侧为空白对照组 ,连续内镜随访 12周 ,观察双侧术腔上皮化过程。结果　Merogel侧治愈 93 75 % ,好转 6 2 5 % ,平均上皮化时间 3 4周 ;对照侧治愈 87 5 0 % ,好转12 5 0 % ,平均上皮化时间 8 3周。表明使用Merogel侧术腔上皮化时间比对照组明显缩短。结论　内镜鼻窦手术后局部使用Merogel ,可以促进术腔上皮化过程     

The soil fungusChaetomium in the human paranasal sinuses

Chaetomium is a soil fungus of which more than 180 species are now known. Most species cause degradation of cellulose-rich substrates, such as components in soil, straw or wood. Growth ofChaetomium globosum is often stimulated in the presence ofAspergillus fumigatus, which excretes such compounds as sugar phosphates and phospho-glyceric acid. A 73-year-old woman, with longstanding pain and secretion from her left maxillary sinus, was admitted to hospital where an infundibulectomy was performed. Histological examination showed necrotic material with hyphae ofA. fumigatus and perithecia ofChaetomium sp. The latter fungus is rarely pathogenic to man.