巢式PCR检测龈下菌斑中HCMV、EBV、HSV-1与慢性牙周炎活动性的关系

目的　建立临床检测龈下菌斑标本中人巨细胞病毒 (HCMV)、Epstein Barr病毒 (EBV)、单纯疱疹病毒 1型 (HSV 1 )巢式PCR方法 ,研究这 3种病毒与慢性牙周炎活动性的关系。方法　收集6 2例慢性牙周炎患者 (男性 2 7例、女性 35例 ,平均年龄 5 3岁 )的牙周炎活动部位、牙周炎静止部位的龈下菌斑 ,提取DNA后使用巢式PCR检测HCMV、EBV、HSV 1 ,比较分析其在同一病人不同部位的检出率。结果　牙周炎活动部位的HCMV检出率为 38.7%,EBV的检出率为 5 8%,HSV 1的检出率为30 .6 %,两种以上病毒合并感染的检出率为 4 0 .3%;牙周炎静止部位的HCMV检出率为 1 4 .5 %,EBV为 2 2 .6 %,HSV 1为 1 1 .3%,两种以上病毒合并感染的检出率为 1 1 .3%。这 3种病毒及其合并感染在牙周炎活动部位的检出率均高于牙周炎静止部位 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　提示HC MV、EBV、HSV 1与慢性牙周炎的活动性相关。     

山东省泰安市2015—2019年输入性疟疾病例实验室诊断与复核结果分析

省、市、县三级实验室分别采用镜检法、胶体金法及巢式PCR法对泰安市2015-2019年输入性疟疾进行诊断与复核。共诊断与复核输入性疟疾病例122例,其中镜检法和胶体金法的符合率分别为94.3%(115/122)和95.9%(117/122),镜检阴性率为5.7%(7/122),均为恶性疟;胶体金法阴性率为4.1%(5/122),3例非恶性疟和2例恶性疟阴性,3种检验方法符合率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。其中恶性疟和间日疟诊断符合率最高,均达100%,对卵形疟诊断符合率最低,仅为12/18,对4种疟原虫实验室诊断符合率差异有统计学意义(P <0.01)。医疗机构中初诊合格率为94.3%(115/122),市、县级疾病预防控制机构复核合格率分别为97.5%(119/122)和95.1%(116/122),差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。今后应继续加强市、县级疟疾实验室镜检人员技能培训,积极开展疟疾核酸检测,以进一步提升医疗及疾病预防控制机构的疟疾诊断水平。     

Molecular Survey of Toxoplasma gondii in Sheep,Cattle and Meat Products in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province,Southwest of Iran

Background

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide spread disease. The present study examined the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among animals of edible meat (cattle and sheep) in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province (Southwest of Iran) in 2012. Furthermore, we attempted for the first time to identify this parasite from the meat products in the province.

Methods

The tongue, brain, femur muscle and liver of 50 sheep and 70 cattle as well as 50 samples of meat products were selected and collected to perform molecular survey using Nested-PCR method.

Results

Of the studied sheep, 38% were infected. The infection rate in the age groups under 1 year, 1-2 years, and more than 2 years was 25%, 35.29% and 52.94%, respectively. The infection rate in femur muscle, brain, liver and tongue was 28%, 32%, 30% and 16%, respectively. Of the studied cattle, 8.57% were infected. The infection rate in the age groups 1-2 years, 2-4 years, and more than 4 years was 3.7%, 9.09% and 14.28%, respectively. Sheep was infected 6 times more than cattle (OR = 6.53 CI = 2.374-18.005).The infection rate among samples of meat products was 12% (6 samples out of 50 samples).

Conclusion

Due to the high rate of this parasitic infection among the slaughtered animals as well as meat products in this region, the use of infected material can be one of the main risk factors of transmission of the parasite to humans.     

北京市性传播HIV-1感染者流行毒株gag基因序列测定和亚型分析

目的 了解北京市性传播HIV-1感染者流行毒株亚型特点和流行规律.方法 随机采集北京市2008年新确证性传播HIV感染者的抗凝全血标本100份,分离血浆,提取病毒RNA,用套式聚合酶链反应扩增病毒gag基因,并进行序列测定和亚型分析.结果 系统进化分析确定北京市性传播HIV-1感染者流行毒株存在8个亚型或流行重组型,分别为B亚型22份,B'亚型8份,C亚型1份,CRF01_AE 38份,CRF02_AG 2份,CRF07 BC 9份,CRF08_BC 3份,疑似C/CRF01_AE重组型1份.结论 CRF01_AE和B亚型分别占45.2%和26.2%,为性传播感染者主要的亚型,应该加强我市HIV-1亚型流行情况的监测.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the subtype distribution and sequence characteristics of HIV-1 strains prevalent among sexual infectors in Beijing. Methods We collected the blood samples from 100HIV sexual infectors in Beijing during 2008 and separated plasma specimens. RNA was extracted from the plasma and the gag gene was amplified by RT-PCR and nest-PCR. The PCR products were sequenced directly and phylogenetic analyses of gag gene was performed using the MEGA4 software. Results Among 100 HIV-1 plasma samples,84 gag gene fragments were amplified and analyzed. Eight HIV subtypes including B(22 strains), B'(8 strains),C( 1 strain) ,CRF01_AE (38 strains) ,CRF02_AG (2 strains) ,CRF07_BC(9 strains) ,CRF08_BC(3 strains) and C/CRF01_AE recombinant like strain( 1 strain) were identified circulating in Beijing. Conclusion CRF01 _AE and subtype B were predominant in Beijing account for 45.2% and 26.2% and the surveillance of HIV gene variation should be paid more attention.     

用套式聚合酶链反应检测乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后无抗体反应者血清HBVDNA

为了解乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗接种后不产生抗－ＨＢｓ的原因，作者用套式聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测了正常人群中乙肝疫苗免疫后１５例不产生抗－ＨＢｓ和２０例产生抗－ＨＢｓ者血清的ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，同时用Ａｂｂｏｔｔ试剂检测血清的ＨＢｅＡｇ。结果发现，不产生抗－ＨＢｓ的１５例中有６例（４０％）第２次ＰＣＲ扩增ＨＢＶＤＮＡ为阳性，其中３例（５０％）为ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性，产生抗－ＨＢｓ者的２０例其血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ和ＨＢｅＡｇ均为阴性。提示：常规方法漏检的低水平ＨＢＶ感染可能是造成乙肝疫苗免疫后不产生抗－ＨＢｓ的原因之一。     

空肠弯曲菌套式PCR快速检测方法的建立与初步应用

目的建立套式PCR快速检测实验动物空肠弯曲菌的方法。方法根据GenBank数据库的空肠弯曲菌flaA基因设计2对引物，对空肠弯曲菌抽提DNA作PCR扩增及克隆测序。同时，对其他病原菌抽提核酸扩增，并对120份临床样品进行检测。结果空肠弯曲菌经2对引物分别扩增出1719bp和640bp片段，与预期大小一致。套式PCR检测的最低限度为10CFU。整个检测过程可在8h内完成。而其他病原菌未出现特异性扩增条带。采用套式PCR对121份临床样品进行检测，检出31份阳性，与传统的细菌分离方法完全一致。结论本研究建立的套式PCR方法具有很好的特异性和敏感性，可用于实验动物空肠弯曲菌的快速检测。     

血红素加氧酶-1显性负性突变体转基因小鼠模型的建立与鉴定

目的对泰泽病原体nested—PCR检测方法进行优化和应用研究。方法以感染泰泽病原体RJ株的大鼠肝组织作为阳性对照,按国标GB/T 14926．10—2008《实验动物泰泽病原体检测方法》间接免疫荧光检测fIFA）呈阳性的上海地区大鼠肝组织为材料,对本室已建立的泰泽病原体nested—PCR检测方法中的DNA抽提方法和PCR过程进行优化,并应用于22只免疫抑制实验动物的泰泽病原体检测。结果肝脏组织DNA以酚／氯仿抽提法为好;nested—PCR出现196bp的特异性条带,此方法的敏感性达1pg;产物纯化后进行测序比对分析显示,上海地区实验大鼠感染样品以及RJ株感染样品的序列均与Genbank中泰泽病原体16S rRNA（Genbank D14638．1）的同源性为100％。应用研究表明,22个样品中IFA检测阳性样品8个,阳性率为36．4％;Nested-PCR检测阳性样品13个,包含所有的IFA阳性样品,阳性率为59．1％。结论本方法灵敏度高,特异性强,经进一步应用改进后,可用于泰泽病原体的检测。     

风湿病中关节炎与支原体感染的关系研究

目的　应用套式聚合酶链反应 (nPCR)检测技术探讨风湿病中关节炎与支原体感染的关系。方法　对 2 6例类风湿关节炎 (RA) ,2 4例反应性关节炎 (ReA)、3例系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)、1例干燥综合症 (SS)、1例骨关节炎 (OA)、1例未分化结缔组织病 (UCTD)、3例强直性脊柱炎 (AS)病人关节液用nPCR方法联合检测支原体 :解脲脲原体 (Uu)、人型支原体 (Mh)、发酵支原体 (Mf)、关节炎支原体 (Mar)。结果　 2 6例RA患者中 ,2例Uu阳性、1例Mh阳性、1例Mar阳性。 2 4例ReA患者中 ,2例Uu阳性、2例Mh阳性。 3例SLE患者中 ,1例Uu阳性。2例Mh阳性 ,1例SS患者Mh阳性。结论　风湿病中关节炎与支原体感染有密切关系 ,支原体感染可能是风湿病发病的一个重要因素之一。     

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus detection in blood by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the proviral gag region

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), of the genus Lentivirus of the Retroviridae family, causes persistent disease, which is characterized by polyarthritis and mastitis in adult goats and progressive paresis (leukoencephalomyelitis) in kids. A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed for the detection of CAEV in blood samples. Species-specific primers amplifying the gag gene region in the provirus were used for the detection of CAEV. The LAMP assay result was obtained 30 min after incubation on a constant temperature at 63 °C in a heat block. Resulting amplicons were visualized by addition of SYBR green dye after the reaction and checked by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity of LAMP assay was evaluated by comparing the result with the nested polymerase chain reaction. Based on the experiments, the result of the assay indicated a rapid and sensitive test for the detection of CAEV.     

武汉地区SEN病毒感染的血清流行病学调查

目的 研究武汉地区SEN病毒(SENV)感染状况。方法 采用套式聚合酶链反应(n-PCR）对191例、6种不同人群血清中SENV-DNA进行D亚型和H亚型分析。结果 SENV的感染率为14．7％，6种人群中SENV感染率的高低依次为血浆置换患者(36．7％)、静脉吸毒者(33．3％)、慢性乙型肝炎患者(11．1％)、非甲～非戊型肝炎患者(9．4％)、重症肝炎患者(8．3％)、正常人群(5．6％)。结论 输血和静脉吸毒是SENV感染的重要途径，慢性病毒性肝炎合并SENV感染不是病情加重的原因。