Intracellular calcium changes in rat aortic smooth muscle cells in response to fluid flow

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSM) are normally exposed to transmural fluid flow shear stresses, and after vascular injury, blood flow shear stresses are imposed upon them. Since Ca²⁺ is a ubiquitous intracellular signaling molecule, we examined the effects of fluid flow on intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in rat aortic smooth muscle cells to assess VSM responsiveness to shear stress. Cells loaded with fura 2 were exposed to steady flow shear stress levels of 0.5–10.0 dyn/cm² in a parallel-plate flow chamber. The percentage of cells displaying a rise in cytosolic Ca²⁺ ion concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) increased in response to increasing flow, but there was no effect of flow on the ([Ca²⁺]_i) amplitude of responding cells. Addition of Gd³⁺ (10 M) or thapsigargin (50 nM) significantly reduced the percentage of cells responding and the response amplitude, suggesting that influx of Ca²⁺ through ion channels and release from intracellular stores contribute to the rise in ([Ca²⁺]_i) in response to flow. The addition of nifedipine (1 or 10 M) or ryanodine (10 M) also significantly reduced the response amplitude, further defining the role of ion channels and intracellular stores in the Ca²⁺ response. © 2002 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2002: 8716Uv, 8719Uv, 8716Dg, 8719Ff     

三磷酸腺苷对人横纹肌肉瘤细胞系诱导分化作用的研究

为了探讨三磷酸腺苷（ＡＴＰ０对人横纹肌肉瘤细胞增殖和分化的影响，用ＡＴＰ作用于人横纹肌肉瘤细胞亚系（ＲＤＬ６）细胞，观察到ＡＴＰ可抑制ＲＤＬ６细胞的增殖，使其生长速度明显减慢，作用第５ｄ时增殖抑制率为８１％，流式光度术检测；观察到ＡＴＰ ＲＤＬ６细胞Ｓ期的细胞数明显增多，说明细胞停滞在Ｓ期，用罗氏黄荧光染料传法实，ＡＴ家恢复ＲＤＬ６细胞间隙加接通讯功能的作用。用 光细胞化学方法观察到经ＡＴＰ处理后     

Effects of thiopental on resistance vessels in cat skeletal muscle

Barbiturates are used clinically as anaesthetics and to reduce raised intracranial pressure. One side effect is hypotension, usually ascribed to a depression of cardiac contractility, while their effects on the resistance vessels are more controversial: both vasodilation and vasoconstriction have been described. This study analyzes the effects of thiopental on basal vascular tone in the cat skeletal muscle. We found that total resistance increased by almost 20% at low (50mol/l) and decreased down to about 50% of control at high (350 mol/l) plasma concentrations of thiopental. The vasoconstriction dominated in the large arterioles (i.d. >25 m) and the vasodilation in the small arterioles (i.d. <25 m). A dosedependent inhibition of myogenic vascular reactivity (here defined as the maximum resistance increase to a transient rise in transmural pressure) coincided with the vasodilation. Autoregulation of blood flow was depressed by thiopental. During vasoconstriction there was a net transcapillary fluid absorption and during vasodilation a net fluid filtration. The fluid movements could be ascribed to variations in capillary hydrostatic pressure. If applicable to the cerebral circulation these results suggest that thiopental at high plasma concentrations might induce, instead of reduce, interstitial brain oedema.     

肌源性耳鸣的声导抗测试特征（附3例报告）

本文报道了１１例病例,并以３例典型病例就肌源性耳鸣的声导抗测试的基本方法和特征作了探讨。腭肌阵挛的幅度较大,在鼓室导抗图和声反射曲线上均可出现锯齿状波。镫骨肌阵挛在表情肌运动时可诱发,为持续性,镫骨肌声反射对其无影响或可掩盖之。鼓膜张肌阵挛与面部三叉神经受刺激有关,易疲劳,表现为一短暂的声顺变化波形。     

Transmastoid Approach for Resurfacing the Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence with a Dumpling Structure

Background:

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is gradually recognized by otologists in recent years. The patients with SSCD have a syndrome comprising a series of vestibular symptoms and hearing function disorders which can be cured by the operation. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of patients with SSCD and determined the effectiveness of treating this syndrome by resurfacing the canal via the transmastoid approach using a dumpling structure.

Methods:

Patients with SSCD, confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography and hospitalized at Beijing Tongren Hospital between November 2009 and October 2012, were included in the study. All of the patients underwent the unilateral transmastoid approach for resurfacing the canal, and received regular follow-up after surgery. Data from preoperative medical records and postoperative follow-up were comparatively analyzed to evaluate the effect of surgery.

Results:

In total, 10 patients and 13 ears (three left ears, four right ears, three bilateral ears) were evaluated in the study, which included 7 men and 3 women. Different symptoms and distinctive manifestations of vestibular evoked myogenic potential were found in these patients. After surgery, 4 patients had complete resolution, 5 had partial resolution, and 1 patient, with bilateral SSCD, had aggravation. None of the patients suffered from serious complications such as sensorineural hearing loss, facial paralysis, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, or intracranial hypertension.

Conclusions:

In patients with unilateral SSCD, resurfacing the canal via the transmastoid approach using a dumpling structure is an effective and safe technique. However, more consideration is needed for patients with bilateral SSCD.     

Treatment of myogenic temporomandibular disorder: a prospective randomized clinical trial,comparing a mechanical stretching device (TheraBite®) with standard physical therapy exercise

Aims:

To compare in a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) the application of the TheraBite® (TB) Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System with a standard physical therapy (PT) exercise regimen for the treatment of myogenic temporomandibular disorder (TMD).

Methodology:

Myogenic TMD patients were randomized for the use of the TB device or for standard PT. Mandibular function was assessed with the mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ). Pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale, and maximum inter-incisor (mouth) opening (MIO) was measured using the disposable TB range of motion scale.

Results:

Of the 96 patients randomized (46 TB, 50 standard PT exercises), 38 actually started with the TB device and 41 with the standard PT exercises. After six-week follow-up, patients using the TB device reported a significantly greater functional improvement (MFIQ score) than the patients receiving regular PT exercises (P?=?0·0050). At 6 weeks, no significant differences in pain, and active or passive MIO were found between the two groups. At 3 months, patients in both treatment groups did equally well, and showed a significant improvement in all parameters assessed.

Conclusions:

This RCT on myogenic TMD treatment, comparing standard PT with passive jaw mobilization using the TheraBite Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System®, shows that both treatment modalities are equally effective in relieving myogenic TMD symptoms, but that the use of the TB device has the benefit of achieving a significantly greater functional improvement within the first week of treatment.     

电针对大鼠颈肌慢性损伤模型肌电活动及细胞凋亡的影响

目的：观察电针对大鼠颈肌慢性损伤模型肌电活动、颈后肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：34只Wistar大鼠选取7只为空白对照组,其余大鼠复制颈肌慢性损伤模型备用。(经超声诊断仪检测,6只大鼠模型复制不成功,剔除。)将模型大鼠随机分为模型组、电针组、美洛昔康组,每组7只。电针组针刺双侧“风池穴”,1次/d, 25 min/次,连续治疗10 d为1个疗程,疗程之间间隔2 d,共2个疗程。使用超声诊断仪检测大鼠颈后肌组织的形态学变化,电生理记录大鼠颈后肌肌电变化,脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL法)检测细胞凋亡率,免疫组织化学法标记B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、胱天蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)、Caspase-9蛋白的表达情况。结果：超声检测结果显示：与模型组比较,电针后肌纤维排列较整齐,肌厚度增粗。肌电生理检测结果显示：模型组肌电波幅及频率明显发生了衰减,电针后肌电波幅和频率明显高于模型组。TUNEL结果显示：与模型组比较,电针组凋亡细胞数目明显减少,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。免疫组织化学结果显示：与空白对照组比较,...     

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the lesser omentum: report of a case

We describe herein an extremely unusual case of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the lesser omentum. A 45-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with an intra-abdominal mass that was subsequently misdiagnosed as a submucosal tumor of the stomach. The tumor arose from the lesser omentum and was removed without difficulty. Histologically, the tumor was composed of spindle–shaped cells with an interlacing bundle pattern, and immunohistochemical examination showed that it was positive for myeloid stem cell antigen (CD34), but negative for HHF35 and S-100 protein. These findings were consistent with a GIST lacking myogenic features and neural attributes. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course, and was free of recurrence when last seen 11 months after his operation. Received: April 3, 2000 / Accepted: March 6, 2001     

The capacity of normal and talpid3 mutant fowl myogenic cells to migrate in quail limb buds

Summary Talpid ³ is a recessive lethal mutant of the fowl. It has been shown previously that, in vitro, talpid ³ limb mesenchyme cells are more adhesive and less mobile than normal cells. It is therefore of interest to investigate the effect of the gene on cell movement in vivo, in the limb bud itself, in cells in which it is known to occur in normal embryos. Myogenic cells, which normally migrate into the limb bud from the somites, continue to move distalwards when grafted into the limb bud at a later stage. Blocks of normal or talpid ³ limb mesenchyme containing myogenic cells were transplanted into quail limb buds in ovo. Since quail cells are histologically distinguishable from chick cells the progress of myogenic cell movement 5 days after transplantation could be observed. In 10 out of 14 cases normal myogenic cells migrated extensively in a proximo-distal direction within the limb bud for the quail host. In contrast, only 2 out of 11 talpid ³ transplants showed a moderate degree of distalwards movement.