Correction: Thrombotic and bleeding events,mortality, and anticoagulant use among 546,656 hospitalized patients with COVID‑19 in the United States: a retrospective cohort study

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis -     

New frontiers in applied veterinary point‐of‐capture diagnostics: Toward early detection and control of zoonotic influenza

Among the chief limitations in achieving early detection and control of animal‐origin influenza of pandemic potential in high‐risk livestock populations is the existing lag time between sample collection and diagnostic result. Advances in molecular diagnostics are permitting deployment of affordable, rapid, highly sensitive, and specific point‐of‐capture assays, providing opportunities for targeted surveillance driving containment strategies with potentially compelling returns on investment. Interrupting disease transmission at source holds promise of disrupting cycles of animal‐origin influenza incursion to endemicity and limiting impact on animal production, food security, and public health. Adoption of new point‐of‐capture diagnostics should be undertaken in the context of promoting robust veterinary services systems and parallel support for operationalizing pre‐authorized plans and communication strategies that will ensure that the full potential of these new platforms is realized.     

Genetic and epigenetic alterations of the EGFR and mutually independent association with BRCA1, MGMT,and RASSF1A methylations in Vietnamese lung adenocarcinomas

Genetic and epigenetic alterations importantly contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. In the study, we measured the frequency and distribution of molecular abnormalities of EGFR as well as the aberrant promoter methylations of BRCA1, MGMT, MLH1, and RASSF1A in Vietnamese lung adenocarcinomas. We investigated the association between genetic and epigenetic alteration, and between each abnormality with clinicopathologic parameters. Somatic EGFR mutation that was found in 49/139 (35.3%) lung adenocarcinomas showed a significant association with young age, female gender, and non-smokers. EGFR overexpression was identified in 82 tumors (59.0%) and statistical relationships with EGFR or BRCA1 methylation but not EGFR mutation. In addition, EGFR, BRCA1, MGMT, MLH1, and RASSF1A methylations were found in 33 (23.7%), 41 (29.5%), 46 (33.1%), 28 (20.1%), and 41 (29.5%) cases of a total of 139 lung adenocarcinomas, respectively. The RASSF1A methylation was found to be linked to the smoking habit. Methylations in MGMT and RASSF1A were also found to correlate with metastasis status. Furthermore, the distribution of EGFR mutation and that of BRCA1, MGMT or RASSF1A methylation were significantly exclusive in lung adenocarcinomas. The main finding of our study demonstrate that epigenetic abnormalities might play a critical role for the lung tumorigenesis in patients with smoking history and metastasis, and partly affect the predictive value of EGFR mutations through blocking expression due to promoter EGFR hypermethylation. Mutually exclusive distribution of genetic and epigenetic alterations reflects differently biological characteristics in the etiology of lung adenocarcinomas.     

Predictors of condom use behaviour among male street labourers in urban Vietnam using a modified Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model

HIV risk in vulnerable groups such as itinerant male street labourers is often examined via a focus on individual determinants. This study provides a test of a modified Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model to predict condom use behaviour among male street workers in urban Vietnam. In a cross-sectional survey using a social mapping technique, 450 male street labourers from 13 districts of Hanoi, Vietnam were recruited and interviewed. Collected data were first examined for completeness; structural equation modelling was then employed to test the model fit. Condoms were used inconsistently by many of these men, and usage varied in relation to a number of factors. A modified IMB model had a better fit than the original IMB model in predicting condom use behaviour. This modified model accounted for 49% of the variance, versus 10% by the original version. In the modified model, the influence of psychosocial factors was moderately high, whilst the influence of HIV prevention information, motivation and perceived behavioural skills was moderately low, explaining in part the limited level of condom use behaviour. This study provides insights into social factors that should be taken into account in public health planning to promote safer sexual behaviour among Asian male street labourers.     

Vers un rapprochement du syndrome de Klinefelter et de la psychopathie en psychiatrie légale

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) (47,XXY) is the most common aneuploidy (1/650) of sexual chromosome among male (0,1 à 0,2 % of male population) (Hong and Reiss, 2014). Because its large physical phenotypic variability (high tall, sparse hairiness, gynecomastia), this syndrome is largely underdiagnosed (less than 25 % of affected persons) (Samango-Sprouse et al., 2018). Nevertheless, cognitive variability is smaller. Normal to low average total IQ, low verbal IQ, social problems and high levels of psychiatric comorbidities including early aggressiveness are commonly described (Hong and Reiss, 2014). In Denmark, higher risks of committing sexual crime and arson (compared to criminal controls) was recently reported (Stochholm et al., 2012). Quite a few clinically relevant cases reports scattered in the literature, suggests the presence of a pattern of a specific subtype of KS inpatients among forensic population (Bénézech, 1975). However, very few studies provide quantitative or qualitative pertaining to robust results. KS well-documented neurobiological (van Rijn, 2018) (e.g. low levels of testosterone), neuropsychological (Bénézech, 1975; Hong and Reiss, 2014; Samango-Sprouse et al., 2018; Savic, 2012; Seara-Cardoso et al., 2016; Senon, 2005; Stochholm et al., 2012; van Rijn, 2018; van Rijn et al., 2008; van Rijn et al., 2018; van Rijn et al., 2014; van Rijn et al., 2012) [29] (e.g. alterations of both complex cerebral — attention, empathy — and behavioral regulation functions - inhibition, mental flexibility, emotional response modulation, control of own actions) and neuroanatomical (Hong and Reiss, 2014; Itti et al., 2003; Savic, 2012; van Rijn et al., 2008; van Rijn et al., 2012) [29] (e.g. limbic system and temporal lobe abnormal volume, hemispheric specialization shortcoming) features may be helpful to understand comorbid symptoms psychopathology. Numbers of recent studies conduct on KS pediatric or adult population provide interesting results on conduct, anxiety, psychotic and autism spectrum disorders. In addition, some authors use genetic and epigenetic specific features of sex chromosome aneuploidies (e.g. X genes neurodevelopmental role; imprinting) in order to clarify genotype-phenotype links of comorbid symptoms (Bruining et al., 2011; Zitzmann et al., 2004;). With Belgian colleagues from the Social Defense Research Center (CRDS, Tournai, Belgium), we are currently recruiting KS inpatients from security hospitals or psychiatric units in Belgium and France. We aim to assess psychopathic traits with the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R, Hare) (Hare, 2003). Our first results concerning 3 KS males outline that PCL-R is useful for the characterization of clinical phenotype among KS forensic sample. While three of them present psychopathic traits, two of them present categorical double diagnose “psychopathy-KS” (total PCL-R score > = 30/40 (Delannoy et al., 2017)). Moreover, dimensional analysis support our hypothesis of a higher prevalence of “explosive profile” in comparison to other psychopathic profiles in our sample (Delannoy et al., 2017). The present article summarizes historic background (e.g. “psychopathy” disappearance of mental disorder reference classification schemes, “crime chromosome” (Bénézech, 1975)) and current context argues (e.g. French psychiatrists court experts widely refer to psychopathy concept despite a lack of consensual definition (Senon, 2005), weak knowledge and training of PCL-R and its related biopsychological recent findings (Blair, 2013; de Oliveira-Souza et al., 2008; Dotterer et al., 2017; Glenn and Raine, 2014; Hosking et al., 2017; Korponay et al., 2017; Pham, 1995; Pham, 2005; Raine, 2008; Raine et al., 2003); stigma and discrimination apprehensions of KS and psychopath) that motivate our research project. Finally, we discuss the advantages of our research protocol on KS participants assessed with PCL-R, such as tackling stigma and discrimination, better understanding psychopathology, and clarifying murky interactions of biological, psychological and social factors entangled in the development of these two fascinating troubles.     

Epitope load identifies kidney transplant recipients at risk of allosensitization following minimization of immunosuppression

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Preparation and tumor affinity testing of the radioiodinated tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative [123I]TIC(OH) for targeting prostate cancer.

This work describes the synthesis and tumor affinity testing of 8-[123I]iodo-l-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxyisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid [ITIC(OH)], a cyclic non-naturally occurring amino acid as an imaging probe for prostate cancer. Parameters for labelling were optimized with regard to the amount of precursor, the temperature and time. Thereafter, ITIC(OH) was evaluated in terms of its uptake in primary human PC-3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells, followed by analysis of the underlying mechanisms of the radioactivity accumulation in tumor cells. No-carrier-added ITIC(OH) was obtained in 80+/-15% radiochemical yield and >98% radiochemical purity by a one-step radioiodination, using IODO-GEN as oxidant. The total synthesis time was less than 30 min, and compatible with a clinical routine production. ITIC(OH) accumulated intensively in primary human prostate cancer cells. The radioactivity incorporation in tumor following a 10-min incubation at 37 degrees C/pH 7.4 varied from 35% to 58% of the total loaded activity per 10(6) tumor cells (355-540 cpm/1000 cells). Inhibition experiments revealed that ITIC(OH) was taken up into tumor by an active transport different from the common amino acid carrier systems, including the sodium-dependent system A and B+,0, and the sodium-independent L- and ASC-type transporter. In contrast, the cellular incorporation was dependent on the membrane potential and correlated with the activity of the mitochondria. In conclusion, the specific and high-level accumulation of ITIC(OH) in human prostate carcinoma cells, indicates that the new radiopharmaceutical is a good candidate for further in vivo investigations to ascertain its potential as an imaging probe for prostate cancer by SPET.