维生素E对小鼠胸腺和脾脏T淋巴细胞转化及MΦ诱导IL－1的影响

ＶＥ缺乏组、１／３需要量组、需要量组、３倍需要量组、２０倍需要量组的初断奶小鼠喂养８周后观察Ｔ淋巴细胞转化及Ｍ中诱导ＩＬ－１反应。结果表明，ＶＥ增强半合适、合适剂量ＣｏｎＡ诱导的胸腺、脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化，且半合适剂量诱导的反应高于合适剂量，ＶＥ增强合适剂量ＰＨＡ诱导的脾Ｔ细胞反应，但不影响其诱导胸腺Ｔ细胞反应。ＶＥ还提高ＭΦ诱导ＩＬ－１生成。上述实验以缺乏组反应最弱，３倍量组反应最强，而２０倍量组反有下降趋势。     

苯并嘧啶衍生物的合成和抗糖尿病活性评价

硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白(thioredoxin-interacting protein, TXNIP)主要调节胰岛β细胞中葡萄糖的稳态,是治疗糖尿病的新颖靶点。本研究以4-羟基苯并嘧啶为原料,通过不同长度的碳链,引入吡唑、甲基哌嗪、咪唑、吗啡啉等4种含氮杂环,设计合成靶向TXNIP的苯并嘧啶骨架拼合含氮杂环的衍生物,并考察化合物对棕榈酸(palmitate acid, PA)刺激的胰岛β细胞损伤的保护作用。共设计合成20个苯并嘧啶衍生物,结构经¹H NMR、ESI-MS确证;药理活性表明大部分化合物对胰岛β细胞有保护作用,其中化合物C-1、C-2、C-4、D-2保护作用较强,相较PA模型组细胞活力为38.3%,这4个化合物细胞活力高于70%,其中化合物D-2细胞活力最高,达到87.2%;化合物D-2可以作为潜在的抗糖尿病新化学实体。     

基于U-Net结合改进算法对放疗危及器官自动勾画研究

目的：面向放疗危及器官自动勾画构建基于U-Net的模型并针对肝脏分割构建3种改进模型。方法：采集共计184例肝癌患者和183例头部放疗患者的计算机断层扫描（CT）图像及组织结构信息,并结合公开数据集Sliver07用于模型的训练与评估。通过搭建U-Net模型并针对肝脏分割分别结合空洞卷积、SLIC超像素算法、区域生长算法进行训练并得到预测模型,利用预测模型对自动勾画结果进行预测。采用交并比（Io U）和平均交并比（MIo U）评价预测结果的精确性。结果：测试集头部放疗危及器官自动勾画预测结果MIo U为0.795～0.970,肝脏分割使用U-Net预测结果MIo U约为0.876,使用改进后模型预测结果MIo U约为0.888,并很好地约束了预测偏差较大结果的出现,使得测试样本中Io U结果小于0.8的数量占比从16.67%降至7.5%。直观勾画方面结合改进算法的模型比U-Net更能捕捉到复杂、混淆性的边界区域。结论：构建U-Net模型能够在头部放疗危及器官和肝脏自动勾画上表现良好,3种改进的模型能够在肝脏分割上具有更优的表现。     

Clinical Analysis of 57 Patients with Ovarian Dysgerminoma

Objective  Ovarian dysgerminoma is an uncommon ovarian malignancy, Its clinicai features are special and there are many factors affecting its prognosis. If treated properly, the patient can be cured. Otherwise it may endanger the patient’s life. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features and factors related to prognosis of ovarian dysgerminoma. Methods  Data from 57 patients with pure ovarian dysgerminoma were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were admitted to the Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University from January 1.1964 to December 31, 2000. Results  The main clinical features were abdominal mass (56.1% ), abdominal pain (21.1% ), abdominal swelling (17.5%.), vaginal bleeding (5.3% )and genital tract abnormalities (5.3%). Twenty-six patients had stage I diseases, 8 stage II.9 stage III.1 stage IV and 13 recurrent and persistent diseases. The uterus was involved in 41.2% of patients with stage II -III diseases. Combined modality was given to 52 cases and a single-method treatment to 5 cases. The total overall 5 and 10-year survival rates for stages I-IV was 80.1 % and 70.0% respectively. The 5-year survival rate for stage I was 100%, stage II 55.2%. stage III 55.6% and stage IV 0%; for recurrent and persistent diseases, 72.7%. The stage I group of 12 patients. received adnexectomy and 14 patients underwent hysterectomy and adnexa removal. There was no significant difference between the 5 and 10-year survival rates (all 100%). Of the 23 patients in the stage I group to whom oniy chemotherapy was given after operation, 19 cases received 3 or more courses and were well without recurrence; 4 patients received only one course and one of them recurred 21 months after the operation. In the group of stages II and III cases, the 5-year survival rate was 86.7% for those whose chemotherapy courses were 3≥ 4 and 25.0% for patients who received less than 4 courses of chemotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusions  The prognosis of ovarian dysgerminoma is closely related to the disease stage and treatment modality. A fertility-preserving operation can be considered in early -staged patients, but caution needs to be exercised in the middle to late staged cases. Good results can be achieved with an operation-based combined modality in recurrent patients.     

Study of cobalt doping control via various routes in thoroughbred horses

Cobalt is a substance that has been abused for athletic performance enhancement and has thus been prohibited by human and animal sports doping control authorities. However, because cobalt is present in humans and animals as a trace element, a certain level of cobalt is naturally present in their excretions. In the racing industry, cobalt is a controlled substance with a threshold concentration specified by the International Agreement on Breeding, Racing and Wagering (IABRW) for international harmonization. Due to environmental and feed consumption differences among countries, regional cobalt concentration trends should be evaluated before cobalt testing is introduced. In this study, we conducted a preliminary evaluation of the urinary concentration of cobalt among a population of racehorses in Korea using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, followed by analysis of the urinary release of cobalt after the administration of cobalt chloride in various situations. The normal distribution for the Korea-based racehorses was used to determine a urine concentration limit (96.5 ng/ml, risk factor of 1 in 10,000). After the intravenous (IV) administration of CoCl₂, the initial elimination of cobalt was rapid. A high concentration (over 2,000 ng/ml) and a slow excretion pattern were observed during the final 2 weeks of the 3-week observation period. When CoCl₂ was administered orally, maximum concentration (C_max, 92–992 ng/ml) was observed at 6–8 h.     

基于文献挖掘及复杂网络探讨寻常性痤疮常见中医证型及核心用药规律＊

目的 运用文献挖掘及复杂网络方法探讨中医治疗寻常性痤疮常见证型及核心用药规律。方法 收集中国期刊全文数据库（China National Knowledge Infrastructure，CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库（VIP Database，VIP）、万方数据库（WanFang）、中国生物医学文献数据库（Sinomed）中近15年已公开发表的中医治疗寻常性痤疮核心期刊，对其进行医案提取及规范化后，运用复杂网络方法进行分析。结果 共纳入文献178篇，医案数据195条，涉及中药184味，药性多以寒、微寒为主，药物归经归肺经最多，其次肝经、胃经、心经，药物功效多以清热解毒、清热燥湿、清热凉血为主，常见中医证型及对应核心加减处方4个。结论 系统总结了寻常性痤疮近年发病的主流证型、核心处方及用药规律，为之后的临床辨证用药提供参考及借鉴。     

肠道微生态与炎症性肠病

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一组病因未明、发病机制亦不明确的慢性肠道炎症性疾病,主要包括克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)。近几十年的研究结果认为,其发病是环境、易感基因和肠道微生态3个要素相互作用的结果,且这些要素使IBD成为一种适合研究宿主与肠道微生物相互作用的高优先平台。最近,肠道菌群的图谱分析将IBD的发病机制与菌群各组成部分特征的改变相联系,进一步支持"肠道微生物和宿主相互作用的改变能形成IBD"这一观点。该文回顾性分析有关IBD患者体内微生物的研究文献,综述肠道微生态失衡对IBD的多方面影响,以动物模型和临床验证资料阐述不同的治疗方法改善肠道微生态变化的最新进展。     

蒲地蓝消炎片定性定量研究

目的 对蒲地蓝消炎片进行定性定量方法研究。方法 对处方中的黄芩、蒲公英、苦地丁、板蓝根4味药材采用显微或TLC进行鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法测定黄芩中有效成分黄芩苷的含量,C₁₈色谱柱,流动相：甲醇-水-磷酸（47:53:0.2）为流动相,检测波长280 nm,流速为1.0 mL·min^-1。结果 在薄层色谱中可检出黄芩、蒲公英、苦地丁、板蓝根,含量测定中黄芩苷进样量在5.008～100.16 µg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 8);黄芩苷的加样回收率为98.87%,RSD为0.95%(n=9)。结论 本方法操作简单,受外界干扰因素少,重现性好,可用于蒲地蓝消炎片的质量控制。     

Validated five-factor model of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for schizophrenia in Chinese population

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is the most widely used instrument to assess the severity of symptoms of schizophrenia. Most studies have showed that PANSS measures five dimensions of symptomatology of schizophrenia. However, few studies have ever investigated the structure of PANSS in Chinese schizophrenia population. We recruited two large independent study samples including 903 and 942 Chinese schizophrenia patients and examined the underlying structure of PANSS. By building a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model based on the factor loadings of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and by testing the CFA model in an independent validation sample, we found that PANSS scores consisted of five factors, which were positive factor, negative factor, excitement factor, depression factor, and cognitive factor. The items loaded on these factors were similar to the consensus items published in previous studies except for PANSS items P2 conceptual disorganization, P5 grandiosity, N5 abstract thinking, and G11 poor attention. This difference might be due to the influence of culture on clinical presentation of schizophrenia. By elucidating the structure, symptoms of Chinese schizophrenia patients could possibly be deconstructed and investigated in future studies.     

微波消融治疗胆肠吻合术后肝脏恶性肿瘤术前肠道准备及应用抗生素对降低术后并发症的效果

目的 观察超声引导下微波消融(MWA)治疗胆肠吻合术(BEA)后肝脏恶性肿瘤术前肠道准备及应用抗生素对降低术后并发症及其严重程度的价值。方法 回顾性分析31例接受超声引导下MWA的BEA后肝脏恶性肿瘤患者,其中17例MWA前接受(A组)、14例(B组)未接受肠道准备及应用抗生素,对比观察2组术后并发症发生率及严重程度。结果 2组患者基线特征及原发肿瘤类型差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05)。31例均顺利完成MWA。MWA后A组住院时间、发热率、发热持续时间、菌血症发生率及肝脓肿发生率均低于B组(P均＜0.05)。结论 MWA治疗BEA后肝脏恶性肿瘤患者术前肠道准备及合理应用抗生素可明显降低术后并发症发生率及严重程度。