包含颈外静脉的颈阔肌肌皮瓣修复口腔癌切除后缺损

目的探讨将颈外静脉包含在颈阔肌肌皮瓣内修复口腔癌切除后缺损的手术方法。方法先形成蒂在颌缘下包含颈外静脉的颈阔肌肌皮瓣，待口腔肿瘤切除后，将肌皮瓣经口底隧道引入口腔修复缺损。结果临床应用17例，肌皮瓣均无血运障碍，100％存活，其中有2例发生口面痿，经换药后痿口完全闭合。结论将颈外静脉包含在颈阔肌肌皮瓣内有助于肌皮瓣血循环的改善和存活率的提高。     

钛板联合羟基磷灰石人工骨眼眶重建

目的：探讨应用钛板联合羟基磷灰石人工骨矫正眼眶骨折眼球内陷的手术方法和疗效。方法：根据术前CT诊断明确的14例14眼眼眶骨折患者，术中用钛钉、钛板将复位的眶缘骨折进行坚强内固定．重建正常的眶缘，然后用羟基磷灰石人工骨材料植入眼眶，以填补眶腔容积的缺损，同时修复重建眶壁。结果：术后随访3～36个月，CT水平和冠状位扫描复查，10例眼球内陷的患者中，8例获得矫正，2例仍存中度内陷；8例复视患者中，7例获得满意改善，1例无效。无植人物感染、移位和脱出，未见视力丧失者。结论：钛板和复合羟基磷灰石人工骨具有很好的生物相容性，在眶壁重建手术中可获得满意的疗效。是眶壁重建术良好的替代材料。     

低强度超短波对小鼠体质及智力的影响

本实验探讨了低强度超短波对小鼠连续三代辐射,对学习、记忆、拉力、运动耐力和周围血象的影响。用81MHz,10～12V/m 的超短波进行辐射,每天辐射2小时,每周6天。结果表明:经过超短波辐射的各代小鼠与对照组相比,学习能力、记忆能力、拉力及运动耐力有明显的降低,且运动耐力有进行性降低的趋势,而经过辐射的三代小鼠红细胞、血红蛋白含量及白细胞数均明显增高,每个红细胞的血红蛋白含量则低于对照组。     

恶性淋巴瘤自体造血干细胞移植后复发的研究进展

自体造血干细胞移植 (ASCT)是治疗复发性、难治性和侵袭性恶性淋巴瘤的有效方法 ,但因存在体内肿瘤细胞负荷过多和移植物被肿瘤细胞污染 ,使移植后的复发率增高。为了提高ASCT的疗效 ,可采取 :①移植前美罗华体内净化 ,除去外周血B细胞 ,清除移植物的肿瘤细胞污染 ;②移植后用美罗华和非交叉耐药药物交替联合化疗 ,以杀伤体内肿瘤细胞 ;③移植前或后累及野放射治疗 (IFRT)辅助 ,降低原发灶的复发率     

莱菔硫烷对ox-LDL诱导血小板活化的抑制作用

目的：探讨莱菔硫烷（sulforaphane,SFN）对氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxidized low-density lipoprotein,ox-LDL）诱导血小板活化的影响及其可能的分子机制。方法：在体外实验中,将健康人纯化血小板与不同浓度的SFN(1.0、2.5、5.0μmol/L)共同孵育40 min,然后用ox-LDL激活血小板20 min,并检测血小板活化的指标,包括CD62P的表达、胞内血小板因子4(platelet factor4,PF4)和趋化因子配体5(chemokine ligand 5,CCL5)的释放水平。机制上,用Western blot蛋白免疫印迹法检测血小板肉瘤酪氨酸激酶（sarcoma tyrosine kinase,Src）及其下游的脾酪氨酸激酶（spleen tyrosine kinase,Syk）磷酸化水平;用活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）检测试剂盒测定胞内总ROS水平。结果：ox-LDL诱导的血小板CD62P的表达以及PF4和CCL5的释放水平均可被SFN显著抑制（P <0.05）;SFN显著下调ox-LD...     

Effect of Gardenia extract ZG on the adsorption quantity of herpes simplex virus type 1 （HSV-1）

To observe the effect of Gardenia extract ZG on the adsorption quantity of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) so as to explore the mechanism of its antiviral activity, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used as the fluorescent probe to label viruses and heparin sodium was used as control. Meanwhile , the effect of Gardenia extract ZG on the adsorption quantity on the surface of Hep-2 cells was determined by flow cytometry. It was demonstrated that adsorption of HSV-1 on the surface of Hep-2 cells exhibited the character of saturation and specificity and heparin sodium could prevent attachment of viruses on these cells. These results are in accord with those reported previously. It was also proved that the manner of drug-use prior to adsorption or simultaneous use of drug and adsorption was better than adsorption prior to drug-use, and the inhibition rates of the former and latter manner were 84. 76% and 82.92% respectively. Three manners of drug-use with Gardenia extract ZG were all effective to reduce the adsorption quantity of viruses, especially the manner of simultaneous use of drug and adsorption with an adsorption inhibition rate of 68.46% . From the above observation, it is apparent that the mechanism of anti-viral activity of Gardenia extract ZG may be via several steps involved in the HSV-1 adsorption.     

耳大神经及腮腺筋膜解剖的再认识与腮腺切除手术的改良

目的：对耳大神经及腮腺筋膜解剖进行再认识，由此改良腮腺切除手术方法。方法：解剖成人尸体10侧，术中活体解剖20侧，对耳大神经和腮腺筋膜的解剖要素进行观察。根据观察结果进行改良腮腺切除术14例，即在腮腺筋膜表面翻瓣后，由前向后另翻腮腺筋膜瓣，切除腮腺后将筋膜瓣复位缝合，完整保留耳大神经和腮腺筋膜。结果：耳大神经在下颌角水平之上0-2cm依次分耳后、耳垂、耳前支，神经主干末段和分支起始段均分布于腮腺筋膜浅层表面，后者致密，其致密纤维包裹在神经周围。改良手术后2例（14．3％）发生轻度Frey’s综合征，无1例发生术区皮肤长期麻木、长期面瘫、涎瘘及肿瘤复发。结论：耳大神经各分支和腮腺筋膜具有不可代替的解剖生理功能，改良术式能将两者完好保留，显著降低术后并发症。     

Validation of low-cost models for minimal invasive surgery training of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and esophageal atresia

BackgroundMinimal invasive surgery (MIS) is increasingly used for the correction of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and esophageal atresia (EA). It is important to master these complex procedures, preferably preclinically, to avoid complications. The aim of this study was to validate recently developed models to train these MIS procedures preclinically.MethodsTwo low cost, reproducible models (one for CDH and one for EA) were validated during several pediatric surgical conferences and training sessions (January 2017–December 2018), used in either the LaparoscopyBoxx or EoSim simulator. Participants used one or both models and completed a questionnaire regarding their opinion on realism (face validity) and didactic value (content validity), rated on a five-point-Likert scale.ResultsOf all 60 participants enrolled, 44 evaluated the EA model. All items were evaluated as significantly better than neutral, with means ranging from 3.7 to 4.1 (p < 0.001). The CDH model was evaluated by 48 participants. All items scored significantly better than neutral (means 3.5–3.9, p < 0.001), with exception of the haptics of the simulated diaphragm (mean 3.3, p = 0.054). Both models were considered a potent training tool (means 3.9).ConclusionThese readily available and low budget models are considered a valid and potent training tool by both experts and target group participants.Type of studyProspective study.Level of evidenceLevel II.     

中药毒性相关数据库的研究现状及对比研究

中药毒性研究是中药安全性研究的重要议题,将具有毒性的中药成分及其作用机制进行整理是进行中药毒性研究的基础。因此,通过当前国内外中药毒性研究相关的数据库进行综述,总结中药毒性研究相关数据库的研究现状,突出中药毒性研究相关数据库在科学研究中的重要性,为中药毒性研究工作提供参考,促进中药毒性研究的进一步发展。     

男性海洛因依赖者性机能研究

目的 研究海洛因对男性性机能的影响。方法 对91例男性海洛因依赖者进行了性机能调查研究，并做性激素测定和分析。结果 男性海洛因依赖者性机能明显障碍，表现为性幻想减少，性欲减退，性高潮减退，性交频率降低。男性睾酮（T）及催乳素（PRL）均低于正常对照组（Z=8．118，P〈0．01；Z=4．444，P〈0．01），促黄体生成素（LH）及促卵泡刺激素（FSH）均高于正常对照组（Z=2．094，P〈0．05；Z=2．086，P〈0．05），雌二醇（E2）与正常对照组无统计学意义。结论 海洛因可致机体下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能紊乱，影响性机能，并且性问题在海洛因依赖性形成机制和戒断上的意义值得进一步探讨。