Proteomic Profiling of Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from the Plasma of Vietnamese Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Reveals Some Potential Biomarkers

Background: Considering the poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the objective of this study was to examine the potential of plasma-derived vesicles as a source of lung cancer-specific proteins. Extracellular vesicle (EV) cargos are specific to the source cells, hence they have the potential of being a source of cancer-specific proteins.  Methods: The proteins differently expressed in cancer were determined and derived from EVs isolated from the plasma of NSCLC patients at the National Lung Hospital. To this end, purification was done using gel filtration chromatography and ultracentrifugation. In addition, nano liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was used for analyzing. Results: Fifty-seven EV-derived proteins related to NSCLC were highlighted in this research. Some of them have not been addressed before, such as EEF1A1 (elongation factor 1-α1), KPNB1 (Importin subunit beta 1), SRC (proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase) and ACTC1 (actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1). This list was further confirmed through a comparison with ExoCarta and Vesiclepedia. Conclusion: This study is the first work to show the involvement of several novel proteins of small EV (EEF1A1, KPNB1, SRC, and ACTC1) in the progression of NSCLC. The results suggested that they could serve as novel biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer in the future.     

女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性及保护性因素研究

目的探讨女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性状况及保护性因素，为改善其身心健康提供依据。方法采用心理弹性量表、症状自评量表、艾森克人格问卷、社会支持量表、焦虑及抑郁量表对80例女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者进行问卷调查。结果女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性得分为（54.10±8.27）分，显著低于国内常模（P＜0.05）。患者的一般情况（病程、年龄、文化程度）对心理弹性的预测作用不明显（R2=0.14，F=18.10），当社会支持、SCL-90、人格特质、SAS、SDS进入方程后，对患者的心理弹性具有较明显的预测作用（R2=0.67，△R2=0.46，F=115.22）。结论女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性较差，社会支持、SCL-90、人格特质、焦虑抑郁情绪是其重要的影响因素，应重视患者存在的心理问题，发掘心理弹性的保护性因素并积极干预，促进其身心健康。     

25-羟维生素D_3治疗2型糖尿病患者早期肾损害的临床观察

目的观察25-羟维生素D3(Vit D3)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者早期肾损害的临床疗效。方法纳入T2DM早期肾损伤患者80例,采用随机数字表法等分为治疗组与对照组,对照组继续原有降糖方案,治疗组在既往用药基础上,肌肉注射Vit D3注射液,疗程均为10个月,治疗结束后进行疗效评价。结果 1与治疗前相比,治疗组糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平上调,微量白蛋白(MA)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-M)及肾脏损伤分子-1(KIM-1)水平下调,治疗组低于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2与治疗前相比,治疗组治疗后Vit D3水平上调,治疗组高于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3T2DM患者Vit D3水平与MA(r=-0.432),β2-M(r=-0.615),及KIM-1(r=-0.763)水平均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 Vit D3可有效减轻T2DM患者的早期肾损害,对肾脏具有保护作用。     

Mechanisms of repigmentation induced by photobiomodulation therapy in vitiligo

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is based on the exposure of biological tissues to low‐level laser light (coherent light) or light‐emitting diodes (LEDs; noncoherent light), leading to the modulation of cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration, which result in tissue regeneration. PBM therapy has important clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder resulting from disappearance of functional melanocytes in the involved skin. Vitiligo repigmentation depends on available melanocytes derived from (a) melanocyte stem cells located in the bulge area of hair follicles and (b) the epidermis at the lesional borders, which contains a pool of functional melanocytes. Since follicular melanoblasts (MBs) are derived from the melanocyte stem cells residing at the bulge area of hair follicle, the process of vitiligo repigmentation presents a research model for studying the regenerative effect of PBM therapy. Previous reports have shown favourable response for treatment of vitiligo with a low‐energy helium‐neon (He‐Ne) laser. This review focuses on the molecular events that took place during the repigmentation process of vitiligo triggered by He‐Ne laser (632.8 nm, red light). Monochromatic radiation in the visible and infrared A (IRA) range sustains matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), improves mitochondrial function, and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and O₂ consumption, which lead to cellular regenerative pathways. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria was reported to be the photoacceptor upon which He‐Ne laser exerts its effects. Mitochondrial retrograde signalling is responsible for the cellular events by red light. This review shows that He‐Ne laser initiated mitochondrial retrograde signalling via a Ca²⁺‐dependent cascade. The impact on cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria, an event that results in activation of CREB (cyclic‐AMP response element binding protein)‐related cascade, is responsible for the He‐Ne laser promoting functional development at different stages of MBs and boosting functional melanocytes. He‐Ne laser irradiation induced (a) melanocyte stem cell differentiation; (b) immature outer root sheath MB migration; (c) differentiated outer root sheath MB melanogenesis and migration; and (d) perilesional melanocyte migration and proliferation. These photobiomodulation effects result in perifollocular and marginal repigmentation in vitiligo.     

单抗N糖分析系统适用性对照品的建立

目的建立单抗N糖分析方法的系统适用性对照品,并设定相应的系统适用性要求。方法利用液质联用(LC-MS)仪对N糖系统适用性对照品进行N糖型的表征鉴别,并对对照品进行稳定性评价。结合方法特点和验证数据,对系统适用性要求进行设定。结果建立的系统适用性对照品具有良好的稳定性,其糖型涵盖了单抗主要的N糖型种类。针对3种药典拟收录的单抗N糖分析方法,设定了以下系统适用性要求,包括:图谱与典型图谱相似、G1F(1,6)和G1F(1,3)的分离度应满足具体要求、G0F%应在规定的范围内、G0F保留时间的RSD应≤4%。结论建立了单抗N糖系统适用性对照品,可配合3种2020年版《中国药典》拟收录的N糖分析方法使用。     

马齿苋“成分-活性-中药功效-疾病”研究进展及关联分析

马齿苋是一种药食同源品,具有清热解毒、凉血止血、止痢的功效,为常见中药,作为药物安全性高。马齿苋具有多种活性成分及药理作用,为了充分开发利用马齿苋,加快马齿苋研究的现代化进程,综述马齿苋的研究进展并在此基础上对于其"成分-活性-中药功效-疾病"进行关联分析,为马齿苋的现代化研究提供思路。     

The influence of processed total non-forward and non-motile sperm count on the outcome of artificial insemination with the husband’s semen

BackgroundArtificial insemination with the husband’s semen (AIH) is an economical and noninvasive method of infertility treatment. However, AIH’s pregnancy rate is much lower than in vitro fertilization (IVF) as its multiple and complex uncertainty factors. Semen quality has been one of the main factors which affect the pregnancy outcome of AIH.MethodsThe relevant parameters of 1,142 AIH cycles were retrospectively studied, including the general parameters and the semen quality parameters among clinical pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy, non-pregnancy group, age, infertility duration, infertility type, body mass index (BMI), cycle count, morphology in previously semen examination, and semen quality parameters on the day of AIH.ResultsThe statistically significant difference was only found on processed total non-forward and non-motile sperm count (N-TFMSC). The mean processed N-TFMSC in the biochemical pregnancy group was 6.37±4.27 million, significantly higher than the other two groups (vs. 4.40±3.15 million or vs. 4.48±3.60 million, P<0.05). The study was then divided into two groups according to processed N-TFMSC, Group 1 ≤5.0 million, and Group 2 >5.0 million. A statistical increase in biochemical pregnancy rate was observed when the processed N-TFMSC was >5.0 million (2.72% vs. 0.90%).ConclusionsProcessed N-TFMSC may be one of the independent factors on AIH’s outcome; it should be given equal attention the same as processed total forward motile sperm count (TFMSC).