康复护理教学中应用Seminar教学法的分析

目的 探讨康复护理教学中应用Seminar教学法的效果.方法 选择医院2018年6月—2019年6月在肿瘤科实习的80名护理学生作为本次研究入组对象,根据随机数字表随机分为研究组和对照组,每组40名学生.对照组采用传统护理教学方法 ,研究组采用Seminar教学法,分析对比两组护理学生的教学效果.结果 研究组护理学生理论考试、技能考试、综合成绩高于对照组护理学生成绩(P<0.05).研究组护理学生自主学习情况由于对照组护理学生(P<0.05).结论 康复护理教学中应用Seminar教学法的效果好,有利于激发学生学习兴趣,巩固学生护理基本知识技能,提高护理思维能力,从而提高护理教学质量.     

吉林辽宁两省18年来的目标设置对突发公共卫生事件应急工作落实情况的关联研究

目的本研究立足于项目组前期研究的成果上，积极探索吉林辽宁两省目标设置水平的差异，并进一步探究受目标设置影响下的工作落实结果情况，探讨产生差异的原因。 方法以系统穷尽的方式收集吉林辽宁两省2000至2017年有关目标与工作落实情况的指标，利用Spearman相关和线性回归分析吉林辽宁两省目标设置对于突发应急工作落实情况的影响。 结果吉林辽宁两省突发应急领域的目标设置水平与工作落实情况总体均呈现上升趋势，截至2017年，吉林目标设置水平与工作落实情况分别为46%与60%，辽宁为60%与53.3%，且目标设置水平与工作落实呈正相关。 结论有公众需要为依据且定量可考的目标设置对于工作落实、推进、完善具有积极的正反馈作用，建立科学量化的突发应急目标设置评价体系是适宜可行的。     

肺鳞癌治疗新靶点FGFR的研究进展

肺癌是目前全球发病率和死亡率均居前列的恶性肿瘤，其中肺鳞癌经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后，其疗效仍不满意。随着分子靶向治疗在肺腺癌中取得了令人瞩目的成果，而肺鳞癌患者中EGFR基因突变及ALK融合基因少见，急需探索新的靶点指导肺鳞癌患者的临床治疗。研究表明，FGFR家族（FGFR1-4）是肺鳞癌中突变频率较高的基因，FGFR基因的激活突变和扩增与肺鳞癌的发生和发展密切相关，同时许多小分子 FGFR 抑制剂在临床应用中已经取得较好的治疗效果。目前，许多FGFR抑制剂治疗肺鳞癌的临床试验也正在进行研究，针对FGFR靶点的基因治疗可为肺鳞癌的治疗提供一种新的策略。本文就FGFR在肺鳞癌的靶向治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述。     

The quality of spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports from the pharmacovigilance centre in western China

Background: High-quality adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports are essential for conducting drug safety monitoring in pharmacovigilance. The study aim was to assess the current quality of ADR reports in western China, and to identify problems with ADR report quality.

Research design and methods: A sample of 1139 reports received by the Shaanxi ADR Monitoring Center from January 2015 to December 2017 was selected. ADR report quality was evaluated using an ADR report quality evaluation system.

Results: None of the reports were rated as excellent and 1.40% (n = 16) as good. Report quality was better for new and serious reports than for general reports. Medical institutions generated higher quality reports than pharmaceutical manufacturers. Nurses generated higher quality reports than doctors, pharmacists, and other professionals. Reporters of different occupations showed significant differences in the quality of the indicators Reporting time limit, Intervention ADR time, ADR termination time, ADR intervention measures, Original disease, and Cause of medication (P = 0.000).

Conclusions: The ADR data quality was poor in western China, and of lower quality than reported data from previous research in other regions. Improvements in the quality and availability of ADR reports are urgently needed.     

血管内皮生长因子及炎性因子在油酸性犬急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的变化

目的探讨油酸性急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）beagle犬血浆及肺泡灌洗液血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF—α）水平的改变。方法12只英国纯种beagle犬，静脉注射油酸0．15mL／kg，在注射油酸前、后1h，出现ARDS的典型表现时，抽血测VEGF、sICAM-1、IL-8、TNF—α，并对此时相作肺泡灌洗液VEGF、sICAM—1、IL-8、TNF-α的测定。结果beagle犬静脉注射油酸后1h血浆TNF—α升高（P〈0．05），血浆反肺泡灌洗液IL8、sICAM-1和VEGF在1h较油酸前没有明显变化（P〉0．05），beagle犬油酸型ARDS模型建立后血浆及肺泡灌洗液VECF、sICAM-1、IL-8、TNF—α均显著高于建模前（P〈0．05）。结论VEGF、sICAM-1、IL-8、TNF～α在beagle犬油酸型ARDS发生发展过程中可能均起重要作用，其水平的高低可能与ARDS严重程度及预后有关。     

Modified superficial parotidectomy: preserving both the great auricular nerve and the parotid gland fascia.

OBJECTIVE: To reduce the incidence of sensory deficits and Frey's syndrome by modifying the traditional superficial parotidectomy. STUDY DESIGN: After raising the skin flap, the parotid gland fascia (PGF) was elevated to form a posterior pedicle fascial flap and then was replaced after the gland removal. The great auricular nerve (GAN) that runs within the PGF was not separated, so both the GAN and the PGF were preserved. Before this modification, the GAN and PGF were examined anatomically. The complication rates in the modified and control groups were compared. RESULTS: 1) The GAN, which runs within the thick and pycnotic PGF, trifurcates into postauricular, preauricular and lobule branches. The modification could be carried out practically based on the anatomy study. 2) Long-term sensory deficit was encountered in 13.3% of the control group, but 0% in the modified one. Frey's syndrome was suffered by 66.7% and 16.7% cases in the control and modified group respectively. The incidence of other complications was not significantly different. CONCLUSION: Our modification is practical. It decreases the complications significantly. EBM rating: B-3b.