新乡市中药资源初步调查

<正> 1 药用动植物种类我市中药资源品种繁多,资源丰富,产量大,质量好,据调查药用植物996种,即真菌门5科7种,藻类2科2种,苔藓门2科2种,蕨类16科37种,裸子植物7科13种,被子植物121科238种。药用动物116种,环节动物门2科4种,软体动物门4科4种,节肢动物门32科39种,脊索动物门35科69种,矿物及其它类16种。国家和省重点普查的467种,新乡市产295种,占63％。     

回春宝药理作用研究

研究了回春宝煎液对利血平、氢化可的松和他巴唑引起小鼠阳虚证的影响；对小鼠免疫器官（胸腺、脾脏）、抗寒能力、抗疲劳能力和缺氧耐受力的影响。回春宝能减轻利血平、氢化可的松和他巴唑引起阳虚动物的证候，减少死亡率，表明本品具有壮阳补肾作用，能增加小鼠免疫器官（胸腺、脾脏）的重量（Ｐ＜０．０１），提高免疫功能，还可以抗缺氧（Ｐ＜０．０１）、抗疲劳（Ｐ＜０．０１）和抗寒（Ｐ＜０．０１）     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

两种单静脉法与传统Amplatzer法治疗动脉导管未闭

目的探讨两种单静脉入路法和动静脉双入路法治疗PDA各自的优缺点及最佳适应症,为PDA患者选择合理介入治疗方法提供依据。方法103例PDA患者经三种不同介入方法治疗,其中单静脉入路超声法37例,单静脉入路造影法14例,动静脉双入路法52例。PDA的位置、形态、大小经不同方法观察,单静脉超声法经超声观察,单静脉造影法在PDA内或降主动脉近PDA口外造影观察,动静脉双入路在主动脉弓降部侧位造影观察。选择合适型号的Amplatzer伞经股静脉建立的轨道进行封堵。术后15 min经胸超声及心脏听诊判断有无分流。术前、术后均行血流动力学测定,术后3 d、1个月复查超声心动图,观察大动脉水平有无分流及动脉导管未闭再通。结果103例患者全部一次封堵成功,技术成功率100%。术中操作平均透视时间(10.45±4.35)min,心导管检查测肺动脉收缩压由术前轻度增高[(33.2±3.11)mmHg]降为正常[(22.03±5.3)mmHg]。术后即刻所有患者心前区双期连续性杂音消失,术后无残余分流,无任何并发症发生,随访1个月未发生动脉水平分流及动脉导管再通。结论单静脉入路Amplatzer封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭简化了手术程序,不用或减少造影剂用量,缩短了操作透视时间,手术成功率高,疗效可靠,值得推广应用。     

脊神经节损伤所介导的脊髓背角兴奋性氨基酸和抑制性氨基酸变化的实验研究

目的研究脊神经节(DRG)炎性损伤时,脊髓背角兴奋性氨基酸(EAAs)、抑制性氨基酸(IAAs)含量和脊髓背角谷氨酸(Glu)、天门冬氨酸(Asp)免疫组织化学的变化,以及与实验动物神经行为异常变化之间的关系.方法健康家兔54只,随机分为手术对照组(n=24);炎症损伤组(n=24)和正常对照组(n=6).采用组织氨基酸的含量分析仪测定脊髓背角Glu,Asp,GABA,Tau,Thr和Ser含量变化.采用免疫组化法观察脊髓背角Glu和Asp分布特点及变化.结果 1.术后2～4周,伤侧的Glu,Asp,GABA,Tau,Ser含量较术前,非伤侧显著增高(P<0.05).2.术后2～4周,其伤侧N-甲基-D-天(门)冬氨酸受体(NMDAR1)免疫阳性纤维在脊髓背角浅层(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)和固有层(Ⅲ,Ⅳ)的分布密度和染色强度,较术前和非伤侧显著降低(P<0.05).结论 DRG炎症损伤所介导脊髓背角EAAs释放增加,在痛觉过敏的形成和维持中具有重要作用.而IAAs的增加则与机体抗伤害性保护反应相关.DRG炎症损伤初期,脊髓背角EAAs/IAAs动态平衡的破坏是伤害性神经细胞兴奋性损伤和伤侧肢体痛觉过敏的主要原因.     

脊神经节损伤与脊髓背角C-fos原癌基因表达

目的探讨脊神经节(DRG)不同损伤方式后,不同损伤时间的脊髓背角C-fos原癌基因蛋白表达情况,并探讨该蛋白表达程度与神经行为异常改变之间的关系.方法健康家兔42只随机分为手术对照组、机械性压迫组、炎性损伤组和正常对照组,制备相应的脊神经节损伤模型.术后检测动物神经行为改变,并对中枢神经伤害性刺激反应物C-fos原癌基因蛋白进行免疫组化检测分析.结果DRG损伤后1周,伤侧脊髓背角C-fos癌基因蛋白的阳性细胞数分别为手术对照组(47±17)、机械性压迫组(58±22)、炎性损伤组(55±20),均较正常对照组(28±18)显著增强(P＜0.05);术后2,4,8周3个实验组结果也比对照组显著增强(P＜0.05).结论 DRG损伤所导致动物脊髓背角伤害感受性神经元的过度兴奋,可能介导了神经细胞的兴奋性毒性损伤和伤肢的痛觉过敏.     

澳大利亚检测沙门氏菌的标准方法

沙门氏菌病在全世界特别对婴儿、儿童、老年人和衰弱者是一个重要的保健问题,各种沙门氏菌是人肠炎的重要病原菌,也可以侵害各种温血和冷血动物。沙门氏菌病发生通常是由于食入污染的食物或水而引起的。1980年“通过的细菌名单”仅承认 5个种的沙门氏菌。即:亚利桑那沙门氏菌,猪霍乱沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、伤寒沙门氏菌及鼠伤寒沙门     

硫酸镁与多巴胺治疗老年顽固性哮喘28例

我院在常规治疗基础上加用硫酸镁及多巴胺治疗老年顽固性哮喘，疗效较满意，现报告如下。 1 临床资料 本组28例，男18例，女10例，年龄50～70岁，哮喘病史20～40年。喘息型慢性支气管炎23例，支气管哮喘5例。对茶碱类药和糖皮质激素均无良好反应。治疗方法：在抗感染、补液、祛痰、吸氧等常规治疗基础上加用25％硫酸镁20mL、多巴胺20……     

血清C—反应蛋白诊断急性阑尾炎的临床研究

探讨血清Ｃ－反应蛋白对急性阑尾的炎的术前诊断、分型及术后切口感染等的诊断价值。方法测定２００例急性阑尾炎患者术前后体温、白细胞计数和血清Ｃ－反应蛋白检查的结果。