近30年针灸治疗感冒后咳嗽的文献计量学分析

目的:通过对近30年针灸治疗感冒后咳嗽临床研究文献计量学分析,从临床研究方法、治疗方法选择、穴位选择等方面为针灸治疗感冒后咳嗽临床研究提供借鉴。方法:采用相关主题词,严格按照纳入标准和排除标准,从中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)检索1987年至2016年针灸治疗感冒后咳嗽相关文献,并用文献计量学方法对其进行定量分析。结果:符合纳入标准的文献共57篇,从研究方法看,23篇运用对照研究,其中18篇为随机对照研究,5篇描述了随机方法,未见运用盲法的文献;从疗效来看,57篇文献报道的平均有效率为94.5%;从刺灸方法来看,使用频次最高的为针刺、拔罐;从腧穴选用来看,使用频次较高的为背部膀胱经腧穴,其中肺俞穴使用最多。结论:针灸治疗感冒后咳嗽多采用膀胱经腧穴,主要方法为针刺和拔罐,有效率较高,但临床研究设计不够规范,需进一步扩大样本量,规范设计,提高临床研究水平,为针灸治疗感冒后咳嗽提供确凿证据。     

足三阴经的郄穴体表电阻反应原发性痛经的研究

目的观察与胞宫有密切关系的足太阴脾经、足少阴肾经、足厥阴肝经的郄穴体表电阻在原发性痛经中的表现,探寻足三阴经3个郄穴可否特异性地反应原发性痛经病证。方法本研究在北京中医药大学和中医药大学附属东直门医院进行,招募正常女大学生(正常组)78例,原发性痛经患者(痛经组)78例。选取足太阴脾经的地机穴,足厥阴肝经的中都穴,足少阴肾经的水泉穴,于经期第1天和月经结束后第3天的相同时点连续动态探测2组受试者的经穴体表电阻30 min,以同名穴位电阻失衡度作为结局指标。结果招募的2组受试者经过纳入、排除以及中止标准筛选,最后对正常组48例、痛经组46例进行统计分析,经过2组3个郄穴体表电阻失衡度各时点的组间、组内比较,结果显示,痛经组足太阴脾经的郄穴地机的左右两侧同名穴位电阻失衡度在经期第1天与月经结束后第3天表现出显著性差异(P=0.04),其他郄穴2组各时点组间、组内无明显差异(P0.05)。结论初步推测脾经的郄穴地机有可能是原发性痛经病证一个反应点。     

Effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture on pancreatic endocrine system in patients with simple obesity

Objective

To observe different efficacies of low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) on pancreatic endocrine system in male and female patients with simple obesity due to spleen deficiency-related dampness.

Methods

A total of 80 simple obesity patients were assigned to a male group (n=37) and a female group (n=43). Both groups received a 30-minute low-frequency EA at Yinlingquan (SP 9), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Quchi (LI 11), Tianshu (ST 25), Zhongwan (CV 12), Shuifen (CV 9), Qihai (CV 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4). The treatment was done once a day, and 10 times made up a course of treatment. Patients in both groups were treated for 2 courses. Then the changes in body mass index (BMI), serum insulin, insulin antibodies and leptin level in the two groups were observed and analyzed.

Results

After treatment, the BMI, serum insulin, insulin antibodies and leptin levels were significantly reduced in both groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the BMI and serum insulin concentration were more significantly reduced in the male group than those in the female group (both P<0.01); and the leptin level was more significantly reduced in the female group than that in the male group (P<0.01).

Conclusion

EA can significantly regulate BMI and pancreatic endocrine system in both men and women with simple obesity; however, there is a gender difference: better effect for men in reducing BMI and serum insulin and better effect for women in reducing serum leptin level.

     

Effects of moxibustion at different times on prostaglandin and vasopressin levels in uterine tissues of rats with dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention

Objective

To observe the effects of moxibustion at different times on prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), in the uterine tissues of rats with dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention, and to explore the differences and possible mechanisms of moxibustion at different times in easing pain in dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention.

Methods

Forty-three female Wistar rats were randomly divided into a blank control group (n=7), a model group (n=9), a pre-moxibustion group (n=9), an immediate-moxibustion group (n=9) and a pre-moxibustion plus immediatemoxibustion group (n=9). Rat models of primary dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention were established using (0±1) °C ice water immersion method combined with injection of estradiol benzoate for 10 d, followed by injection of oxytocin on the 11th day. Rats in the 3 intervention groups received moxibustion to Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4), 10 min for each acupoint, once a day. Rats in pre-moxibustion group were given mild moxibustion, beginning on the 8th day during modeling, for 3 continuous days; rats in immediate-moxibustion group were given one time mild moxibustion, immediately after injection of oxytocin on the 11th day during modeling; rats in pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group were given mild moxibustion, beginning on the 8th day during modeling till immediately after injection of oxytocin on the 11th day during modeling, for 4 continuous days. The level of PGF_2α in the rat uterine tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the levels of PGE₂ and AVP in rat uterine tissues were measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

Compared with the blank control group, the levels of PGF_2α and AVP, the PGF_2α/PGE₂ ratio in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the PGE₂ level was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the rat uterine tissues in the model group. Compared with the model group, the writhing latency was significantly prolonged, the writhing number and the total writhing score were all decreased in the pre-moxibustion group, the immediate-moxibustion group and the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group (all P<0.01); the levels of PGF_2α and AVP, and the PGF_2α/PGE₂ ratio were all significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the PGE₂ level was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the rat uterine tissues of the 3 treatment groups. Compared with the pre-moxibustion group, the writhing number and the total writhing score were all decreased in the immediate-moxibustion group and the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group (all P<0.01), the writhing latency was significantly prolonged in the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group(P<0.01); the levels of PGF_2α and PGF_2α/PGE₂ ratio were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the PGE₂ level was significantly increased (P<0.01) in rat uterine tissues in the immediate-moxibustion group and the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group. Compared with the immediate-moxibustion group, the writhing latency was significantly prolonged and the writhing number was decreased (all P<0.05), and the total writhing score was decreased (P<0.01) in the pre-moxibustion plus immediatemoxibustion group; the PGF_2α level and the PGF_2α/PGE₂ ratio were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the PGE₂ level was significantly increased (P<0.01) in rat uterine tissues in the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group.

Conclusion

Moxibustion at different times all can produce obvious analgesic effects on dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention in rats, and pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion ranks the top. The mechanism of this analgesic effect may be via the regulation of abnormal PGF_2α, PGE₂ and AVP levels, to effectively inhibit the spastic contraction of uterine smooth muscle in dysmenorrhea rat, thereby improving the ischemia and hypoxia in uterus.

     

近十年针灸干预对原发性痛经动物模型影响的实验研究进展

原发性痛经是妇科常见病,其发病率较高,严重影响了人们的正常工作和日常生活。多年来,对于针灸治疗本病的临床研究颇多,但由于人体研究的局限性,如子宫组织病理生理学上的改变等情况则难以观察。故制备原发性痛经动物模型显得尤为重要。系统回顾近10年针灸对原发性痛经动物模型干预实验的研究进展,并对痛经不同证型模型建立的方法进行了收集、整理和分析,以期为针灸治疗原发性痛经提供科学的实验依据。     

近十年针灸治疗单纯性肥胖症的成效与展望

随着人们物质生活水平的不断提高,肥胖症的发病率迅速增长,严重威胁着人类的健康。目前,应用针灸治疗单纯性肥胖症的临床研究报道颇多,疗效确切。现将近10年来针灸治疗单纯性肥胖症的临床进展进行综述,并对其治疗研究中所存在的问题提出一些看法和展望。     

A comparative study of the effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture on blood lipids between men and women with simple obesity

Objective

To observe the difference of the effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) on blood lipids between male and female patients with simple obesity due to damp induced by spleen deficiency.

Methods

Eighty patients with simple obesity were recruited, including 37 males and 43 females, to receive low-frequency EA by selecting Yinlingquan (SP 10), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Quchi (LI 11), Tianshu (ST 25), Zhongwan (CV 12), Shuifen (CV 9), Qihai (CV 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4), with needles retained for 30 min. The treatment was given once a day, 10 sessions as a treatment course, for 2 courses in total. The contents of body fat percentage (F%), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood glucose (Glu) and adiponectin (ADPN) in serum were observed to see the changes, and the two groups were compared and analyzed.

Results

After the treatment, F%, and serum contents of TC, TG, LDL, Glu and ADPN dropped significantly in the two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and the serum content of HDL increased significantly in male group (P<0.05). The decrease of F% in female group was more significant than that in male group (P<0.01); the decrease of ADPN in male group was more significant than that in female group (P<0.05).

Conclusion

EA can regulate the disordered blood lipids in male and female patients with simple obesity, with certain differences between genders. The decrease of subcutaneous fat content is more significant in females than that in males, while the decrease of ADPN is more significant in males.

     

Effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on free radical metabolism in rat’s hippocampus after different degrees of exhaustive exercise

Objective

To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on free radical metabolism in rat’s hippocampus after different degrees of exhaustive exercise.

Methods

A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group (n=8), a model group (n=32) and a moxibustion group (n=32). According to the times of modeling or treatment, the model group was further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time model subgroup, a 4-time model subgroup, a 7-time model subgroup and a 10-time model subgroup (n=8); the moxibustion group was also further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time moxibustion subgroup, a 4-time moxibustion subgroup, a 7-time moxibustion subgroup and a 10-time moxibustion subgroup (n=8). Rats in both model and moxibustion subgroups were subjected to establishing the swimming exhaustive model. Rats in each moxibustion subgroup received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for 15 min immediately after modeling, once every other day. The concentration of malic dialdehyde (MDA), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in rat’s hippocampus in each group were detected 24 h after the exhaustive exercise.

Results

Compared with the 1-time model subgroup, the exhaustive swimming time of rats was significantly prolonged in the 4-time model subgroup (P<0.01), while it was significantly shortened in the 7-time and 10-time model subgroups (both P<0.01). Compared with the matched model subgroup, the exhaustive swimming time of rats in the 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups was significantly prolonged (both P<0.01). Compared with the normal group, the MDA concentration was increased significantly (P<0.01), and the activities stress response of SOD and T-AOC were increased in the 1-time model subgroup (both P<0.05); the MDA concentration was increased (all P<0.01), and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were decreased differently (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the 4-time, 7-time and 10-time model subgroups. Compared with the matched model subgroup, the concentration of MDA was significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were significantly increased in the 4-time, 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups (all P<0.01).

Conclusion

Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) can improve the fatigue status of the body after long-term exhaustive exercise by regulating free radical metabolism in rat’s hippocampus. To some extent, this provides an experimental basis for moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) against exercise-induced fatigue.

     

红外热成像技术在针灸研究领域的应用

以"红外热成像技术""红外热成像仪""循经红外辐射轨迹""infrared thermal imaging""infrared thermomerter"等为篇名或主题词,检索科学领域为针灸,通过对中国知网与Pubmed等文献资源进行检索,共检索到文献209篇,中文文献194篇,英文文献15篇,其中密切相关文献46篇。通过分析文献,将红外热成像技术在经脉、穴位、刺灸法效应、针灸临床疗效评价等方面研究概况及未来发展趋势进行阐述,旨在对红外热成像技术在针灸领域研究的应用有所启示。