经尿道前列腺电切气化术治疗前列腺增生568例报告

目的 :进一步探讨前列腺增生 (BPH)的有效手术新方法。方法 :采用经尿道前列腺电切术和气化术治疗BPH患者 5 6 8例。结果 :疗效满意 ,术后 3～ 6个月随访 ,国际前列腺症状评分 (IPSS) 8.5± 1.5分 ;最大尿流率 (Q max) 2 0 .5± 4 .5ml s,剩余尿量 2 9.1± 14 .2ml,未出现严重并发症。结论 :将电切和气化相结合行经尿道前列腺切除术是一种安全性高、并发症少、疗效确切的新手术方法 ,具有操作易掌握、出血少、速度快、安全可靠等优点。     

不同剂量辛伐他汀对肾病综合征高脂血症的近期疗效

目的 :观察辛伐地他汀 -舒降之对肾病综合征高脂血症的近期疗效及安全性 ,比较不同剂量辛伐他汀的降脂作用。方法 :72例均系肾综合并高脂血症的患者 ,随机分治疗组 (5 6例 )和对照组 (16例 ) ,在积极治疗原发病的同时 ,治疗组给予服辛伐他汀每晚 5～ 2 0mg ,14例混合性高脂血症患者同时服用非诺贝特 ;对照组未用降脂药。观察治疗前及治疗后 1周、2周血脂全套 (TC ,TG ,LDL和HDL)、肝功能 (AST ,ALT ,TP和ALB)、肾功能 (BUN ,Scr)、及尿蛋白定量的变化。结果 :辛伐他汀每晚 2 0mg服用 1周可使 6 3%的患者总胆固醇 (TC)下降 33% ,服用 2周可使 84%的患者血TC降至正常 ;单用辛伐他汀在降低TC的同时 ,可使甘油三酯 (TC)下降 43.16 % ,若与非诺贝特合用可使TG下降达 6 4.2 2 % ,未见不良反应发生 ;辛伐他汀的降脂作用与剂量及用药时间密切相关 ,2 0mg >10mg >5mg ,每晚服用 5mg共 2周仅能使 6 0 %的患者TC下降 12 .5 %。结论 :辛伐他汀 (每晚 2 0mg)能安全、快速有效降低肾病综合征患者的高脂血症 ,而对减少尿蛋白、改善肾功能近期无作用     

Association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk and renal outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsChronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus increase atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk. However, the association between renal outcome of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and ASCVD risk is unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 218 type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven DKD, and without known cardiovascular diseases. Baseline characteristics were obtained and the 10-year ASCVD risk score was calculated using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE). Renal outcome was defined as progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The association between ASCVD risk and renal function and outcome was analyzed with logistic regression and Cox analysis.ResultsAmong all patients, the median 10-year ASCVD risk score was 14.1%. The median of ASCVD risk score in CKD stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 10.9%, 12.3%, 16.5%, and 14.8%, respectively (p = 0.268). Compared with patients with lower ASCVD risk (＜14.1%), those with higher ASCVD risk had lower eGFR, higher systolic blood pressure, and more severe renal interstitial inflammation. High ASCVD risk (>14.1%) was an independent indicator of renal dysfunction in multivariable-adjusted logistic analysis (OR, 3.997; 95%CI, 1.385–11.530; p = 0.010), though failed to be an independent risk factor for ESRD in patients with DKD in univariate and multivariate Cox analysis.ConclusionsDKD patients even in CKD stage 1 had comparable ASCVD risk score to patients in CKD stage 2, 3, and 4. Higher ASCVD risk indicated severe renal insufficiency, while no prognostic value of ASVCD risk for renal outcome was observed, which implied macroangiopathy and microangiopathy in patients with DKD were related, but relatively independent.     

Fifty- four infantile intractable diarrhea patients treated with integrated traditional chinese and western medicine

Ｉｎｆａｎｔｉｌｅｉｎｔｒａｃｔａｂｌｅｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ（ＩＩＤ）ｗａｓｕｓｕａｌｌｙｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｍａｌｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎ,ｇｒｏｗｔｈｒｅｔａｒｄａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ,ｅｔｃ．Ｉｔｉｓｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｔｏｃｕｒｅ,ａｎｄｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｉｓｒａｔｈｅｒｈｉｇｈ．ＴｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｓｕｓｅｄｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌＣｈｉ ｎｅｓｅａｎｄｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅｔｈｅｒａｐｙｔｏｔｒｅａｔｉｔ,ａｎｄｓａｔｉｓｆａｃｔｏ…     

河套大黄非蒽醌类成分研究

从河套大黄干燥根与根茎的甲醇提取物中分得8个非蒽醌类成分。经化学和波谱方法，确定它们的结构分别为：β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol，Ⅰ）、土大黄苷元（rhapontigeni，Ⅱ）、没食子酸（gallicacid，Ⅲ）、3－（3’，5’-二羟基-反式-肉桂酰基）－5-羟基-△5－α-吡喃酮[3－（3’，5’－dihydroxyl－trans－cinnamoyl）－5－hydroxyl－△5’－α－pyranone，Ⅳ]、胡萝卜苷（daucosterol，Ⅴ）、piceatannol－3’－O-β-D-glucopyranoside（Ⅵ）、土大黄苷（rhaponticin，Ⅶ）和蔗糖（Ⅷ）。其中Ⅳ为一新化合物，命名为波叶素（rheumin）。Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅷ系首次从该植物中获得。     

大鼠触须毛囊上段再生的体外培养

观察大鼠触须毛囊上段组织的体外培养,筛选最优培养液,为毛乳头体外再生奠定基础。将大鼠触须毛囊上段组织分别培养于 Williams E无血清培养液、含5%胎牛血清(FCS)的MEM培养液、Williams E无血清培养液+20 ng/mL EGF+10 ng/mL IGF-1、含5%FCS MEM培养液+20 ng/mL表皮生长因子(EGF)+10 ng/mL胰岛素生长因子1(IGF-1)、5%FCS MEM培养液+20 ng/mL EGF+10 ng/mL IGF-1+10-7 mmol/L双氢睾酮(DHT)、Williams E无血清培养液+20ng/mL EGF+10 ng/mL IGF-1+10-7 mmol/L DHT共计6种不同培养液中。 在37 ℃,5%CO₂培养箱中培养,隔日换液,在光学显微镜下观察其生长情况,并统计毛囊再生个数。相关标本制备石蜡切片,标本酶标免疫组化检测,观察α平滑肌动蛋白(α-SMA)在毛囊新生组织中的表达情况。结果显示5%FCS MEM+10－7 mmol/L DHT+10 ng/mL IGF-1+20 ng/mL EGF培养液是比较适合大鼠触须毛囊上段的体外培养液。该培养液中,毛囊上段组织体外再生率较高,结果可靠,可以作为研究毛囊体外再生的良好平台。     

MIC-1在肠瘤与肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨MIC-1在肠瘤中的表达以及在晚期肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学法分别检测34例肠瘤患者和34例肠癌患者组织中MIC-1的表达。结果肠癌组MIC-1的IOD值为（6.00±1.09）,肠瘤组MIC-1的IOD值为（4.36±1.33）,肠癌组高于肠瘤组（P〈0.01）。结论提示随着疾病性质由肠瘤向肠癌的转变,MIC-1的表达呈升高趋势,推断MIC-1的表达增加将提示肠瘤癌变风险增加。     

鼻咽癌免疫治疗进展

鼻咽癌是一种与EB病毒(EBV)感染密切相关的恶性肿瘤。鼻咽癌在接受现代调强放疗技术为主的综合治疗后,疗效得到进一步提高。提高高危患者和复发/远处转移鼻咽癌(R/M-NPC)患者的疗效成为治疗的主要目标。近年来,免疫治疗在肿瘤治疗领域不断取得进步。随着对EBV抗原及免疫检查点抑制剂的研究,免疫治疗在R/M-NPC治疗中取得了较大进展,免疫治疗联合放化疗将成为初治高危鼻咽癌临床研究的重点。     

3D打印技术辅助后路截骨治疗脊柱畸形的Meta分析

文题释义：脊柱畸形：指脊柱的冠状位、矢状位或轴向位偏离正常位置，发生形态上异常的表现，可以分为特发性、先天性、病理性及创伤性等原因。绝大多数患者需手术治疗，但由于该类患者解剖不规则、周围组织粘连严重，其截骨矫形手术风险极高。 3D打印技术：又称“快速成型技术”，术前对患者进行脊柱 CT 扫描，获得相关数据，打印出脊柱模型。脊柱外科医师可以通过模型进行模拟截骨及模拟内固定，设计最好的手术方案。背景：3D打印技术在脊柱外科应用越来越广泛，有很好的辅助手术作用。但是目前缺乏循证医学证据证实3D打印辅助后路截骨治疗脊柱畸形的疗效及安全性。 目的：系统评价3D打印辅助后路截骨治疗脊柱畸形的疗效。方法：计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、万方、维普和CBM数据库自建库至2019年12月关于3D打印治疗脊柱畸形患者的研究。英文检索词为“3D printing” “rapid prototyping” “Spinal deformity”等；中文检索词为“3D打印”“快速成型技术”“脊柱畸形”等。由2名研究人员独立进行文献筛选、数据提取和质量评价，采用 RevMan 5.3软件对文献进行Meta分析。结果与结论：①共纳入6篇文献，282例患者，其中3D打印组139例，常规组143例；②Meta 分析结果显示，3D打印组在手术时间、手术出血量及手术放射暴露时间方面均小于常规组(P < 0.05)；③在Cobb角、Cobb角矫正率、置钉准确率及Oswestry功能障碍指数评分方面均优于常规组(P < 0.05)；④3D打印组和常规组在并发症方面差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；⑤上述数据证实，3D打印辅助后路截骨能够明显降低手术间和手术出血量，改善手术效果。ORCID: 0000-0002-1739-7548(吴荣海) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

DNA Duplexes with Hydrophobic Modifications Inhibit Fusion between HIV-1 and Cell Membranes

Discovery of new drugs for the treatment of AIDS typically possessing unique structures associated with novel mechanisms of action has been of great importance due to the quick drug-resistant mutations of HIV-1 strains. The work presented in this report describes a novel class of DNA duplex-based HIV-1 fusion inhibitors. Hydrophobic groups were introduced into a DNA duplex skeleton either at one end, at both ends, or in the middle. These modified DNA duplexes inhibited fusion between HIV-1 and human cell membranes at micro- or submicromolar concentrations. Respective inhibitors adopted an aptamer pattern instead of a base-pairing interaction pattern. Structure-activity relationship studies of the respective DNA duplexes showed that the rigid and negatively charged DNA skeletons, in addition to the presence of hydrophobic groups, were crucial to the anti-HIV-1 activity of these compounds. A fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based inhibitory assay showed that these duplex inhibitors interacted with the primary pocket in the gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) instead of interacting with the lipid bilayers.