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1.
G Hochhaus H Derendorf H M?llmann J Barth 《Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis》1991,9(9):761-767
A combined LC/RIA procedure is described for the selective determination of dexamethasone (DEX) and its prodrug dexamethasone-21-isonicotinate (DIN) in plasma. The low affinity of the employed dexamethasone antiserum for DIN (cross-reactivity less than 0.5%) allowed the direct determination of DEX in plasma extracts. For the determination of DIN, both substances of interest were separated by LC, the DIN containing fraction was collected, hydrolysed and the generated DEX was consequently assayed by radioimmunoassay. The assay detection limits were 0.1 ng ml-1 for DEX and 0.75 ng ml-1 for DIN. For both substances, inter- and intra-day variabilities (RSDs) were 6 and 12%, respectively. 相似文献
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Influence of Electromagnetic Fields on Function of Automated External Defibrillators 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Roman Fleischhackl MD Florian Singer MD Wolfgang Nitsche PhD MSc Eng Guenther Gamperl MSc Engineering Bernhard Roessler MD Jasmin Arrich MD Sabine Fleischhackl MD Heidrun Losert MD Fritz Sterz MD Martina Mittlboeck PhD MSc Klaus Hoerauf PhD MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2006,13(1):1-6
Objectives: In this study, the authors tested whether electromagnetic interference (EMI) is able to impair correct electrocardiogram analysis and produce false‐positive shock advice from automated external defibrillators (AEDs) when the true rhythm is sinus. Methods: Nineteen healthy subjects were used to test five AEDs available on the Austrian market in a prospective, open, and sequence‐randomized study. The primary outcome variable was the absolute number of shocks advised in the presence of EMI. The secondary outcome was the number of impaired analyses caused by incorrectly detected patient movements or electrode failure. Results: Of 760 tests run, 18 (2.37%) cases of false‐positive results occurred, and two of five AEDs recommended shocks in the presence of sinus rhythm. Of 760 tests run, no electrode failures occurred. There were 27 occurrences (3.55%) of motion detected by an AED in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields. Conclusions: AED models differ in their response to EMI; it may be useful to consider specific safety requirements for areas with such fields present. Working personnel and emergency medical services staff should be informed about potential risks and the possible need for patient evacuation before AEDs are attached and shock recommendations are followed. 相似文献
4.
Thomas Abel William C. Cockerham Guenther Lueschen Gerhard Kunz 《Social science & medicine (1982)》1989,28(12):1269-1274
This paper examines whether American males with a high degree of control over their work situation pursue healthy lifestyles and rate their physical health more positively than those who score low on occupational self-direction. That is, are persons who control their work more likely to also try to control their health through living in a particularly healthy manner? We found that there was no support for a spillover effect from high occupational self-direction to enhanced participation in health lifestyles or more positive self-rated health. The findings suggest health lifestyles have spread throughout occupational work groups in the U.S. and support research that maintains such lifestyles have spread across social strata in America. 相似文献
5.
Due to the high affinity of new inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) towards the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and because of the similarities between the binding domains of the GR and the progesterone receptor (PR), the present study focused on assessing the relative binding affinities (RBA) of glucocorticoids (systemic and ICS) to PR (RBAPR). By comparison with the affinities towards the GR (RBAGR) the binding selectivities were also assessed. In general, the selectivity of the investigated glucocorticoids showed a decreasing trend with increasing lipophilicity. When orally administered, less lipophilic glucocorticoids showed the highest selectivity, with RBAGR/RBAPR ratios of 1,375, 760 and 476 for betamethasone, beclomethasone and dexamethasone, respectively. For ICS, mometasone furoate, the most lipophilic steroid, was the least selective (1.1), followed by beclomethasone monopropionate (9), fluticasone propionate (12), triamcinolone acetonide (18), mometasone (25) and budesonide (44), which shows the highest selectivity among inhaled glucocorticoids. In conclusion, the present study revealed that there are differences in selectivity among commercially available glucocorticoids. Future clinical studies are needed to investigate whether the high affinity of some of the investigated glucocorticoids to the progesterone receptor is of clinical relevance. 相似文献
6.
Clemens Aigner Guenther Winkler Peter Jaksch Gernot Seebacher Gyorgy Lang Sharokh Taghavi Wilfried Wisser Walter Klepetko 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2005,27(5):757-761
OBJECTIVE: Standard lung donor criteria have been established on opinions and individual experiences rather than on existing evidence. Since the scarcity of donor organs is one of the major limitations to lung transplantation, extension of donor lung criteria might considerably increase the donor pool. This study therefore evaluates the outcome, achieved with the use of extended donors versus standard donors and aims to redefine lung donor criteria. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 98 consecutive primary lung transplantations from 94 donors from 1/2001 to 12/2002. Donors were classified as extended if they fulfilled at least one criteria: age >55 years, PaO(2) at FiO(2)/PEEP 5 <300mmHg, tobacco history >20 pack years, inhalative drug abuse, presence of infiltration on chest X-ray or purulent secretions at bronchoscopy. Recipients were stratified in two groups according to whether they received a 'standard' or 'extended' organ. Postoperative complications, extubation time, ICU and hospital stay and survival were compared. RESULTS: Twenty-three (24.5%) donors were extended. Twenty-six recipients (26.55%) received organs from extended donors. Differences in intubation times (12+/-2 days standard vs. 14+/-5 days extended, P=0.70), ICU stay (16+/-2 days standard vs. 18+/-5 days extended, P=0.74) and hospital stay (38+/-4 days standard vs. 40+/-6 days extended, P=0.71) were not statistically significant. Postoperative bleeding rates were comparable (n=14 standard vs. n=3 extended) as well as bronchial anastomotic complications (n=7 standard vs. n=3 extended). Three months survival was 88.89% in the standard group vs. 92.31% in the extended group. One year survival is comparable as well with 81.94 vs. 84.62%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The use of lung donors who fail to meet standard criteria does not impair short and medium term results compared to standard lung donors. The impact on long term development of BOS has yet to be evaluated. The strict application of standard lung donor criteria excludes a considerable number of lungs potentially suitable for transplantation, thus liberalisation of donor criteria might help to overcome donor shortage. 相似文献
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An avidin–biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described for h-endorphin (h-EP). Microtiter plates coated with commercially available antibodies were used together with h-EP tracer derivatives that were biotinylated in positions 24, 28, and 29 via a C6 spacer arm. Nonspecific binding of biotinylated derivatives to the microtiter plates was blocked with a mixture of 1% casein and 10% ethanolamine in 0.1 M NaHCO3. A sequential saturation procedure using a high-affinity antiserum in combination with an avidin–alkaline phosphatase complex matched the sensitivity of reported radioimmunoassays (RIAs), with a detection limit of 0.5 fmol/assay. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 5 and 12%, respectively. Results obtained by ELISA and RIA showed good correlations (r = 0.95). The -EP concentration in extracted rat plasma after high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fractionation was determined by this method to be 1600 fmol/ml. 相似文献
9.
Increasing evidence has implicated that insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), polypeptides structurally related to proinsulin, are involved in the function and development of the immune system. To probe the relevance of IGF binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) in T-cell activation and proliferation, we studied the role of IGFBP-2 in anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Secretion of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-2 by PBMCs from healthy adult donors was determined by radioimmunoassays (RIAs). The PBMC proliferative response after stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb and exposure to increasing concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and anti-IGFBP-2 were determined by bromodeoxyuridine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Observations were tested for significance by paired t-tests. We demonstrate an increase in IGFBP-2 secretion associated with both activation of PBMC by anti-CD3 mAb and increasing cell density. Incubation with exogenous IGFBP-2 increased the proliferation of PBMCs, whereas anti-IGFBP-2 had an antiproliferative effect on PBMCs that was reversed by simultaneous exposure to IGFBP-2. The stimulatory activity of IGFBP-2 (1-10 ng/ml) on anti-CD3 mAb-activated PBMCs was similar to that of IGF-I and IGF-II (1-100 ng/ml), with the mean increase in PBMC proliferative response ranging between 150% and 160% for IGFBP-2 (p = 0.03), 150% and 170% for IGF-I (p < 0.01), 133%-161% for IGF-II (p < 0.01), and 157% and 175% for IGF-I + IGF-II (p < 0.01). Thus, our data strongly suggest a role for IGFBP-2 as a local growth factor contributing to the proliferation and activation of mononuclear cells. 相似文献
10.
O'Brien SG Guilhot F Larson RA Gathmann I Baccarani M Cervantes F Cornelissen JJ Fischer T Hochhaus A Hughes T Lechner K Nielsen JL Rousselot P Reiffers J Saglio G Shepherd J Simonsson B Gratwohl A Goldman JM Kantarjian H Taylor K Verhoef G Bolton AE Capdeville R Druker BJ;IRIS Investigators 《The New England journal of medicine》2003,348(11):994-1004