四川省蚋亚属一新种（双翅目：蚋科）

本文记述四川省峨眉山蚋属Simulium蚋亚属Simulium一新种，以中国科学院院士胡经甫命名为经甫蚋S．（S．）jinfful sp．nov．该蚋与S．（S．）himalayense Purl，1930，S．（S．）taiwanicum Takaoka，1979．S．（S．）shanxlense Cai and An，2003，S．（S．）immortalls Cai and An，2003，S．（S．）chamlongi Takaoka and Suzuki，1984相似，但是，雌虫的生殖叉突具内突和外突，肛上板椭圆形，前腿基节、转节、股节棕黄色；生殖腹板板体短，其长约为顶端宽度的0．8倍，与上述蚋种明显不同。模式标本保存在北京军事医学科学院医学昆虫标本馆。     

Symptoms and symptom distress in localized prostate cancer

For over a decade, symptom distress has been a key concept in several studies of cancer. However, the definition of symptom distress is still unclear, and there are few measures targeting symptom distress, in general, and specific cancers, in particular. Prostate cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of death in American men. Many men with clinically localized prostate cancer may experience unique and multidimensional symptoms that occur from diagnosis through treatment, and thereafter. These symptoms associated with the disease and its treatments are in the form of physical and psychological sequelae such as urinary and bowel problems and sexual dysfunction. The purposes of this article are to (1) systematically review literature on symptoms and symptom distress in localized prostate cancer and (2) synthesize evidence of symptom distress applications and measurement in this group. A comprehensive, systematic review was conducted to identify original, data-based studies of symptoms and symptom distress in localized prostate cancer. Clarification of symptom distress and more comprehensive information about symptoms and symptom distress will provide nurses with a better foundation for developing self-management interventions aimed at ameliorating symptom distress and, ultimately, enhancing the quality of life of patients with localized prostate cancer.     

Microfluidic one-step synthesis of Fe3O4-chitosan composite particles and their applications

This paper demonstrates a simple and easy approach for the one-step synthesis of Fe₃O₄-chitosan composite particles with tadpole-like shape. The length and diameter of the particles were adjustable from 638.3 μm to ca. 798 μm (length), and from 290 μm to 412 μm (diameter) by varying the flow rate of the dispersed phase. Mitoxantrone was used as the model drug in the drug release study. The encapsulation rate of the drug was 71% for chitosan particles, and 69% for magnetic iron oxide-chitosan particles, respectively. The iron oxide-chitosan composite particles had a faster release rate (up to 41.6% at the third hour) than the chitosan particles (about 24.6%). These iron oxide-chitosan composite particles are potentially useful for biomedical applications, such as magnetic responsive drug carriers, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancers, in the future.     

淮南地区禽畜体内寄生人兽共患吸虫的种类

目的 目的 了解安徽省淮南地区禽畜体内寄生人兽共患吸虫的种类, 为防治人兽共患吸虫病提供参考依据。方法 方法 从淮南市禽畜市场选购人兽共患吸虫的终宿主, 处死后取出内脏并解剖, 获取虫体, 制片鉴定, 同时检索整理有关淮南地 区禽畜体内寄生吸虫的文献。结果 结果 经分类、 鉴定和整理, 淮南地区禽畜体内寄生吸虫迄今共发现41种, 其中人兽共患吸 虫23种, 仅在禽畜体内寄生吸虫18种, 分属4目12科21属, 分别寄生于鸡、 鸭、 鹅、 猪、 黄牛、 水牛、 绵羊、 山羊和犬等9种终 宿主。结论 结论 淮南地区禽畜体内寄生人兽共患吸虫的种类较多, 引起人群人兽共患吸虫病传播与流行的危险较高, 应引 起高度重视。     

Structural Requirements for Interaction with the Oligopeptide Transporter in Caco-2 Cells

Pharmaceutical Research -     

Diarrhea and acaroid mites： A clinical study

AIM: To explore the characteristics of diarrhea caused by acaroid mites.METHODS: Acaroid mites in fresh stools of 241 patients with diarrhea were separated by flotation in saturated saline.Meanwhile, skin prick test, total IgE and mite-specific IgE were detected in all patients.RESULTS: The total positive rate of mites in stool samples of the patients was 17.01% (41/241), the positive rates of mites in male and female patients were 15.86 % (23/145)and 18.75 % (18/96), respectively, without significant difference (P＞0.05). The percentage of skin prick test as ″+++″″++ ″″+ ″″±″″-″ was″+++, ″++″,″ +″, ″±″ and ″-″was 9.13 % (22/241), 7.47 %(18/241), 5.81% (14/241), 4.98 % (12/241) and 72.61%(175/241), respectively. The serum levels of total IgE, mitespecific IgE in patients with and without mites in stool samples were (165.72±78.55) IU/ml, (132.44±26.80) IU/ml and (145.22±82.47) IU/ml, (67.35±45.28) IU/ml,respectively, with significant difference (P＜0.01). The positive rate of mites in stool samples in staffs working in traditional Chinese medicine storehouses or rice storehouses (experimental group) was 26.74 % (23/86), which was significantly higher than that (11.61%, 18/155) in people engaged in other professions (X2=8.97, P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Acaroid mites cause diarrhea and increase serum levels of total IgE and mite-specific IgE of patients,and the prevalence of diarrhea caused by acaroid mites is associated with occupations rather than the gender of patients.     

Epidemiological survey of Blastocystis hominis in Huainan City,Anhui Province,China

AIM：To provide scientific evidence for prevention and controlling of blastocystosis,the infection of Blastocystis homon is and to study its dinical significance in Huainan City,Anhui Province,China.METHODS:Blastocystis homonis in fresh stools taken from 100infants,100pupils,100middle school students and 403patie nts with diarrhea was smeared and detected with method of iodine staining and hematoxylin staining,After preliminary direct micosopy,the shape and size of Blastocystis homonis were observed with high power lens.The cellular immune function of the patients with blastocystosis was detected with biotin-streptavidin(BSA).RESULTS:The positive rates of Blastocystis homonis in fresh stools taken from the infants,pupils,middle school students and the patients with diarrhea,were1.0%(1/100),1.0%(1/100),0%(0/100)and5.96%(24/403)respectively,Furthermore,the positive rates of blastocystis homonis in the stool samples taken from the patients with mild diarrhea,intermediate diarrhea,severe diarrhea and obstinate diarhea were6.03%(14/232).2.25%(2/89),0%(0/17)and12.31%(8/65)respectively.The positive rates of Blastocystis homonis in fresh stools of male and female patients with diarrhea were 7.52%(17/226)and3.95%(7/177)respectively,and those of patients in urban and rural areas were4.56%(11/241)and8.02%(13/162)respectively,Theere was no significant difference between them(P>0.05).The positive rates of CD3^+,CD4^+,CD8^+in serum of Blastocystis homonis-positive and-negative individuals were0.64±0.06,0.44±0.06,0.28±0.04and0.60±0.05,0.40±0.05and0.30±0.05respectively,and the ratio ofCD4^+/CD8^+of the two groups were1.53±0.34and1.27±0.22,There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of Blastocystis homins as an enteric pathogen in human seems not to be associated with gender and living environment,and that blastocystis hominis is more common in stool samples of the patients with diarrhea ,especially with chronic diarrhea or obstinate diarrhea.When patients with diarrhea infected by Blastocystis hominis,their cellular immune function decreases,which make it more difficult to be cured.     

粉螨性哮喘患者脱敏治疗前后细胞因子的变化

目的观察粉螨浸液脱敏治疗前后对哮喘患者免疫功能的影响。方法用粉尘螨浸液对螨性哮喘患者进行脱敏治疗前后用ELISA法检测患者血清总IgE,螨特异性IgE,IgG,IL-2,IL-4;用生物素-链霉亲和素（BSA）检测外周血CD3＋、CD4＋、CD8＋、CD4＋/CD8＋,比较上述指标的变化。结果脱敏治疗后,患者的血清螨特异性IgG显著上升,外周血CD3＋、CD4＋含量增加,CD4＋/CD8＋比值上升,IL-2的水平上升,IL-4水平下降。结论螨性哮喘患者脱敏治疗过程中,机体的免疫学变化复杂,其体液免疫产生螨特异性IgE、IgG,对患者症状缓解具有重要作用,细胞免疫变化似有Th2型反应受抑制,Th1型反应增强的趋势。     

Detection of T lymphocyte subsets and mIL-2R on surface of PBMC in patients with hepatitis B

AIM: To study the levels of T lymphocyte subsets andmembrane interleukin-2 receptor (mIL-2R) on surface ofperipheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients withhepatitis B and its role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B.METHODS: The levels of T lymphocyte subsets and mIL-2R in PBMC before and after being stimulated with PHAwere detected by biotin-streptavidin (BSA) technique in 196cases of hepatitis B.RESULTS: In patients with hepatitis B, the levels of CD3+,CD4+ cells, and the ratio of CD4+ cells/CD8+ cells were lower,but the level of CD8+ cells was higher than those in normalcontrols (42.20±6.01 vs65.96±6.54, 38.17±5.93 vs41.73±6.40,0.91±0.28 vs 1.44±0.31, 39.86±6.36 vs30.02±-4.54, P＜0.01).The total expression level of mIL-2R in PBMC before andafter being stimulated with PHA was also lower than thosein normal controls (3.47±1.55 vs4.52±1.49, 34.03±2.94 vs37.95±3.00, P＜0.01). In all the patients with hepatitis B, thelevels of T lymphocyte subsets and mIL-2R in PBMC withHBV-DNA (+) were lower than those with HBV-DNA (-),which were significantly different (39.57±7.11 vs44.36±5.43,34.36±7.16 vs 40.75±5.87, 37.82±6.54 vs 41.72±6.21,0.88±0.33 vs0.99±0.27, 2.82±1.62 vs3.85±1.47, 31.56±3.00vs35.84±2.83, P＜0.01). In addition, the levels of CD3+, CD4+,CD8+ cells, the ratio of CD4+ cells/CD8+ cells and mIL-2R amongdifferent courses of hepatitis B were all significantly different(F=3 723.18, P＜0.01. F=130.43, P＜0.01. F=54.01, P＜0.01.F=2.99, P＜0.05. F=7.16, P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Both cellular and humoral immune functionsare obviously in disorder in patients with hepatitis B, whichmight be closely associated with the chronicity in patients.     

Epidemiological survey of cryptosporidiosis in Anhui Province China

AIM: To provide scientific evidence for prevention and controlling of cryptosporidiosis, the infection of Cryptosporidium parvum and its epidemiological characteristics were studied in some areas of Anhui Province.METHODS: The oocyst of Cryptosporidium parvum in 5421fresh stool samples from eleven areas of Anhui Provincewas tested by auramine-phenol stain and improved anti-acidstain respectively. The specific antibody of IgG, IgM and Tsubsets of 41 patients with positive Cryptosporidium parvumin stools were detected by ELISA and biotin-streptavidin(BSA) respectively.RESULTS: The total infective rate of Cryptosporidiumparvum was 1.33 % (74/5421). Among them, the positiverates of oocyst in the areas of Huaibei (1. 82 % ) and Fuyang( 1. 80 % ) were higher. The positive rates of oocyst in stoolsof infants, pupils, middle school students, collegestudents, adults, patients with diarrhea, and those withimmunodeficiency were 3.15 % (28/889), 0.82 % (9/1098), 0.82 %(9/1092), 0.83 %(8/969), 0.85 % (9/1095), 2.88 %(8/27g) and 8.33 %(3/36) % respectively. The positive rates ofoocyst in infants and the patients with diarrhea andimmunodeficiency were significantly higher than those incontrols ( P ＜ 0.01 ). The positive rate of oocyst in maleswas similar to that in females ( P＞ 0.05). The positive rateof oocyst in urban areas ( 1. 13 %) was significantly lowerthan those in rural areas ( 1. 72 %, P ＜ 0.01 ). The positiverates of specific IgG, IgM and IgG + IgM in sera of thepatients with positive oocyst in stool were 63.4 % ( 26/41 ),17.1% (7/41), 19.5 % (8/41) respectively. The numberfractions of T subsets of CD3 + , CD4 + , CD8 + and CD4 +/CD8 + of the patients were 0.66 ± 0.07, 0.44 ± 0.06, 0.28 ± 0.04 and 1. 58 ± 0.32 respectively. The difference between thepatients and the controls was significant ( P ＜ 0. 05). Themain manifestations of the patients were subclinicalinfection, in forms of slight abdominal pain, mild diarrhea,and loose stool.CONCLUSION: There are two infection peaks in infection ofCryptosporidium parvum and its infection can he foundmore often in infants, patients with diarrhea orimmunodeficiency, and in rural areas. Subclinical infectionis the main manifestation and might he easily misdiagnosed.When the therapeutic effectiveness is low for diarrhea, theinfection of Cryptosporidium parvum should he considered,conceming their age and immune function.