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排序方式: 共有147条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
Ramesh R Boinpally Sen Lin Zhou Srinivasu Poondru Gopinath Devraj Bhaskara R Jasti 《European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics》2003,56(3):389-392
Skin penetration of topically applied diclofenac is important for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and actinic keratoses. We have studied the permeation of diclofenac across human cadaver epidermis in-vitro from four lecithin vesicle formulations and a few marketed semi-solid preparations. The lecithin vesicle formulations were prepared by dissolving the lipid contents (lecithin and sodium cholate) in a 1:1 mixture of methanol-chloroform, evaporating the solvents under vacuum, and hydrating the lipid layer with the drug solution in water or 10% ethanol. The vesicles were sonicated for 5 min to reduce the vesicle size and their size and Zeta potential were characterized. The cumulative amount and maximum flux of diclofenac was 69.7+/-40.3 micrograms and 4.77+/-3.16 micrograms/hcm(2) from lecithin vesicles containing sodium cholate and 10% ethanol, and is the highest of all formulations studied. The cumulative amount and mean maximum flux obtained from other formulations were in the range of 2.46+/-1.98-29.9+/-10.1 micrograms and 0.53+/-0.46-3.61+/-0.86 micrograms/hcm(2). Based on the results, lecithin vesicles of diclofenac appear to be advantageous for the topical delivery of diclofenac. 相似文献
2.
The pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia remains an ongoing challenge for researchers and clinicians alike. Current medications remain suboptimal to effectively treat this illness despite the recent surge of what are considered to be better antipsychotics: the atypicals. The atypicals cause fewer extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia, but there is growing concern regarding the significant long-term metabolic and cardiac adverse effects of these novel antipsychotics. There are differences among the atypicals in their propensity to produce these adverse effects, and clinicians should weigh the risk-benefit ratio for each drug with each individual patient. Diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and unhealthy lifestyle choices are on the rise in the general population, and individuals with chronic schizophrenia are even more at risk. The dilemma clinicians face in trying to avoid the neurological morbidity of the typicals (extrapyramidal side effects and tardive dyskinesia) is the risk of consequently exposing patients to both the morbidity and potential mortality of the atypicals (cardiovascular, endocrine, and metabolic adverse effects). The importance of baseline investigations and monitoring at regular intervals as well as identification of patients at risk for obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular morbidity has become crucial. Informed decision making is essential for successful antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. For a condition, which often necessitates long-term pharmacotherapy, the importance of prevention and (or) minimization of morbidity and mortality related to adverse effects of such pharmacotherapy cannot be understated. 相似文献
3.
Mitnala Sasikala D. Nageshwar Reddy Nitesh Pratap Sanjeev Kumar Sharma P. Reddy Balkumar Anuradha Sekaran Rupa Banerjee D. Bhaskara Reddy 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2009,28(5):169-174
Background and Objective
The role of Mycobacterium avium ss paratuberculosis (MAP) in the etiopathology of Crohn’s disease (CD) remains controversial, because of conflicting reports demonstrating the presence of MAP-specific insertion sequence from intestinal biopsy tissues of patients clinically diagnosed for the disease. The present study was carried out to investigate the presence of MAP DNA in the intestinal tissues of CD patients to ascertain the relevance of MAP in Indian patients with CD. 相似文献4.
Karthik Loganathan Gaurav Kumar Arivarasan Vishnu Kirthi Kokati Venkata Bhaskara Rao Abdul Abdul Rahuman 《Parasitology research》2013,112(11):3951-3959
A novel approach to control strategies for integrated blood-feeding parasite management is in high demand, including the use of biological control agents. The present study aims to determine the efficacy of optimized crude extract of actinomycetes strain LK1 as biological control agent against the fourth-instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi and Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) and adults of Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae), and Hippobosca maculata (Diptera: Hippoboscidae). Antiparasitic activity was optimized using the Plackett–Burman method, and the design was developed using the software Design-Expert version 8.0.7.1. The production of the optimized crude actinomycetes LK1 strain extract was performed using response surface methodology to optimize the process parameters of protease inhibitor activity of marine actinobacteria for the independent variables like pH, temperature, glucose, casein, and NaCl at two levels (?1 and +1). The potential actinomycetes strain was identified as Saccharomonas spp., and the metamodeling surface simulation procedure was followed. It was studied using a computer-generated experimental design, automatic control of simulation experiments, and sequential optimization of the metamodels fitted to a simulation response surface function. The central composite design (CCD) used for the analysis of treatment showed that a second-order polynomial regression model was in good agreement with the experimental results at R 2?=?0.9829 (p?<?0.05). The optimized values of the variables for antioxidant production were pH 6.00, glucose 1.3 %, casein 0.09 %, temperature 31.23 °C, and NaCl 0.10 %. The LK1 strain-optimized crude extract was purified using reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, and the isolated protease inhibitor showed antiparasitic activity. The antiparasitic activity of optimized crude extract of LK1 was tested against larvae of A. stephensi (LC50?=?31.82 ppm; r 2?=?0.818) and C. tritaeniorhynchus (LC50?=?26.62 ppm; r 2?=?0.790) and adults of H. bispinosa (LC50?=?106.58 ppm; r 2?=?0.871), R. (B.) microplus (LC50?=?92.96 ppm; r 2?=?0.913), and H. maculata (LC50?=?84.90 ppm; r 2?=?0.857). 相似文献
5.
Teresa Palacios-Hernandez Daysi M. Diaz-Diestra Alexander K. Nguyen Shelby A. Skoog Bhaskara Vijaya Chikkaveeraiah Xing Tang Yong Wu Peter E. Petrochenko Eric M. Sussman Peter L. Goering 《Journal of applied toxicology : JAT》2020,40(7):918-930
Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPION) possess reactive surfaces, are metabolized and exhibit unique magnetic properties. These properties are desirable for designing novel theranostic biomedical products; however, toxicity mechanisms of USPION are not completely elucidated. The goal of this study was to investigate cell interactions (uptake and cytotoxicity) of USPION using human coronary artery endothelial cells as a vascular cell model. Polyvinylpirrolidone-coated USPION were characterized: average diameter 17 nm (transmission electron microscopy [TEM]), average hydrodynamic diameter 44 nm (dynamic light scattering) and zeta potential −38.75 mV. Cells were exposed to 0 (control), 25, 50, 100 or 200 μg/mL USPION. Concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity were observed after 3-6 hours through 24 hours of exposure using Alamar Blue and Real-Time Cell Electronic Sensing assays. Cell uptake was evaluated by imaging using live-dead confocal microscopy, actin and nuclear fluorescent staining, and TEM. Phase-contrast, confocal microscopy, and TEM imaging showed significant USPION internalization as early as 3 hours after exposure to 25 μg/mL. TEM imaging demonstrated particle internalization in secondary lysosomes with perinuclear localization. Three orthogonal assays were conducted to assess apoptosis. TUNEL staining demonstrated a marked increase in fragmented DNA, a response pathognomonic of apoptosis, after a 4-hour exposure. Cells subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis exhibited degraded DNA 3 hours after exposure. Caspase-3/7 activity increased after a 3-hour exposure. USPION uptake resulted in cytotoxicity involving apoptosis and these results contribute to further mechanistic understanding of the USPION toxicity in vitro in cardiovascular endothelial cells. 相似文献
6.
7.
Karunakara?Padhy Suri?Bhaskara?Rama?Narasimham Goddu?Sree?Rama?Chandra?Murthy Venkateswara?Rao?Chaganti Pampana?Venkata?Varaha?Narsimha?Markandaya?Kumar Malipeddi?Bhaskar?Rao Damodar?Rao?Kodem Gopal?Krishan?Sinha Ponangi?Venkata?SatyanaryanaEmail author 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2005,21(4):251-255
Introduction Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is in an increasing trend in India. With the advancement of non-surgical methods of
revascularisation, the patients coming for surgery are of less attractive anatomy. The role of coronary endarterectomy along
with coronary artery bypass grafting for a selected group of these patients is quite promising.
Materials and Methods From March 2000 to March 2005, out of 362 CABGs performed, 42 patients had undergone coronary endarterectomy. The age range
being from 35 to 76 years, M: F is 38∶4 Hypertension was present in 26 (61%), diabetes mellitus in 20 (47.6%), smoking in
26 (61%) and dyslipidemia in 12 (28.5%) cases. Old myocardial infarction was present in 52.3% cases, unstable angina in 16.6%,
stable angina in 23.8% and cardiogenic shock in 7.1% cases. All cases had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting with endarterectomy.
Out of 18 LAD endarterectomies 17 cases LIMA was used as onlay patch.
Result The average number of grafts anastomosed was 3.7. Single-vessel endarterectomy was done in 37, double vessel in 4 and four
vessel in one case. LAD endarterectomy was done in 18, RCA in 12, diagonal in 10, intermediate in 1 and marginals in 8 cases.
Postoperatively 3 patients had arrhythmia, two perioperative MI, one recurrent angina and one congestive cardiac failure (CCF).
There was 2 (4.76%) mortality.
Conclusion Hypertension and smoking are major risk factors. LAD is the most common artery requiring endarterectomy. Usage of LIMA following
endarterectomy of LAD is quite satisfactory and short term results are encouraging. 相似文献
8.
Summary A total of 100 cases of hepatomegaly in children have been studied by liver biopsy. The common lesions were fatty change of
a variable degree, cirrhosis and kwashiorkor. Three cases of military tubercles and one case of leukaemic infiltration in
the liver were seen. A rare case of lipoid storage disease has also been noted
From the Department of Pathology, Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool 518002, Andhra Pradesh.
Dissertation submitted to the S.V. University in part fulfilment for the degree of M.D. (Path.) and paper read at the 23rd
Annual Meeting of All India Association of Pathologists and Microbiologists held at Madras, 1973. 相似文献
9.
Karunakara Padhy Suri Bhaskara Rama Narsimham Thota Mohan Sankarji Maharaj Ponangi Venkata Satyanarayana 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2008,24(2):154-155
Patients with massive haemoptysis with dense fibrosis, a standard pneumonectomy may lead to blood loss with life threatening
situation. Physiological Lung exclusion through mid sternotomy is an useful procedure. Four patients had undergone Physiological
Lung exclusion. Two patients for massive haemoptysis and two for redo lobectomy. All patients operated through mid sternotomy.
The last patient while hilar dissection lost significant blood volume and required cardiopulmonary bypass to complete the
procedure. This is an useful procedure when there is anticipation of difficulty in standard pneumonectomy and in sick patients. 相似文献
10.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of crude extracts of marine actinobacteria on larvicidal, repellent,
and ovicidal activities against Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex gelidus (Diptera: Culicidae). The early fourth instar larvae of C. tritaeniorhynchus and C. gelidus, reared in the laboratory, were used for larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent assay with crude extracts of actinobacteria.
Saccharomonospora spp. (LK-1), Streptomyces roseiscleroticus (LK-2), and Streptomyces gedanensis (LK-3) were identified as potential biocide producers. Based on the antimicrobial activity, three strains were chosen for
larvicidal activity. The marine actinobacterial extracts showed moderate to high larvicidal effects after 24 h of exposure
at 1,000 ppm and the highest larval mortality was found in extract of LK-3 (LC50 = 108.08 ppm and LC90 = 609.15 ppm) against the larvae of C. gelidus and (LC50 = 146.24 ppm and LC90 = 762.69 ppm) against the larvae of C. tritaeniorhynchus. Complete protections for 240 min were found in crude extract of LK-2 and LK-3 at 1,000 ppm, against mosquito bites of C. tritaeniorhynchus and C. gelidus, respectively. After 24-h treatment, mean percent hatchability of the ovicidal activity was observed. The percent hatchability
was inversely proportional to the concentration of extract and directly proportional to the eggs. Crude extracts of LK-1 and
LK-3 showed no hatchability at 1,000 ppm against C. tritaeniorhynchus and C. gelidus, respectively. This is an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of Japanese encephalitis vectors, C. tritaeniorhynchus and C. gelidus. 相似文献