肺鳞癌化放疗夹心治疗探讨

肺鳞癌化放疗夹心治疗探讨陈秀勇郑晓郭金水朱永红陈晓钟杜向慧浙江省肿瘤医院（杭州３１００２２）本院从１９９３年７月～１９９４年９月共收治中晚期肺鳞癌８０例，一组采用化、放疗夹心治疗，另一组为单纯放疗，临床观察一年，对即期与近期疗效报告如下：材料与方法一...     

单药VP—16低剂量长疗程口服治疗42例中晚期肺癌疗效分析

自１９９５年～１９９７年对４２例未行其它治疗的原发肺癌进行单药足叶乙甙（ＶＰ－１６）的口服治疗，现将结果报告如下。１材料与方法临床资料全组病例均为经病理学证实的肺癌患者，男３２例，女１０例；年龄３６～７２岁，中位年龄６３岁。其中小细胞肺癌１８例，非小...     

鼻咽癌颈部转移性淋巴结的超声造影特征及时间强度曲线分析

Objective To study the character of cervical lymph nodes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) by contrast-enhanced uhrasonography(CEUS) and time-intensity curve. Methods Forty-one lymph nodes of metastasis from 32 patients were studied by CEUS. The enhancement of echogenicity was evaluated,and the time-intensity curve was analyzed. Results Of the 41 lymph nodes examined, 10 (24.4%) showed intense homogeneous enhancement by CEUS, 23 (56.1%) showed inhomogeneous enhancement and 8 (19.5 %) showed scarce intranodal enhancement. There were 20 (48.8%) lymph nodes showed necrosis. Most of the lymph nodes (92.7%) showed peripheral type blood flow, 3 (7.3) % showed mixed type blood flow. There were significant differences in them(P < 0.01). The time-intensity curve displayed steeply in upslope, and gently in decent. The arrival time(AT), time to peak(TTP), peak intensity (PI) ,area and gradient were (7.2±2.5)s,(7.6±2.3)s,(9.5±3.3)dB,(203.4±45.7)dB· s,1.2±0.5 respectively. Between the lymph nodes with envelope infringed and not, there were significant differences in PI and area, while there were not significant differences in AT, TTP and gradient. Conclusions The metastasis cervical lymph nodes of NPC had specific character by CEUS and time-intensity curve. In this way,it may help us to diagnosis cervical lymph nodes metastasis of NPC,and provide more information for the therapy and prognosis judgement.     

鼻咽癌治疗热点问题评析

随着电子计算机技术的应用及放射物理、放射生物和放化疗综合治疗的发展,鼻咽癌的治疗疗效在近10年得到了很大的提高.文章就鼻咽癌的3个热点问题:放射治疗靶区的确定、放化疗综合治疗及适形和调强放疗应用的进展作一介绍.     

基于MRI的鼻咽癌临床分期探讨

[目的]探讨鼻咽癌92福州分期与UICC分期的合理性，提出鼻咽癌TNM分期修订新的设想。[方法]72例初治鼻咽癌患者放疗前均接受MRI检查，基本检查序列包括T1WI轴位，T2WI抑脂轴位及T1WI或T2WI冠状位，其中25例行增强扫描。[结果]92福州分期：Ⅱ期7例，Ⅲ期23例，Ⅳa期42例；T分期：T1I例，T2 9例，T3 21例，T4 41例；N分期：N0 3例，N1 48例，N2 18例，M3 3例。UICC分期：Ⅱ期2例，Ⅲ期28例，Ⅳa期39例，Ⅳb期3例；T分期：T1 1例，T2a 7例，T2b 2例，T3 21例，T4 41例；N分期：N0 3例，N1 8例，N2 58例，N3 3例。92福州分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期病例占所有病例的90.3％：UICC分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期病例占所有病例的97．2％。两种分期在临床分期和T分期中有较好的对应，无显著性差异，而在N分期具有显著性差异。[结论]由于MRI对软组织极高的分辨能力，以致现有的分期方法使临床病例过于集中Ⅲ～Ⅳ期，鼻咽癌TNM分期需要修订以适应学科发展。     

生白宝口服液治疗恶性肿瘤放、化疗引起的白细胞减少症临床疗效观察

本文采用中草药复方制剂──生白宝口服液治疗因放、化疗引起的白细胞减少症的恶性肿瘤患者５４例，一周有效率达７５．９％，治疗一周前后白细胞均值增加１．６×１０９／Ｌ。与对照组相比差异非常显著。并且试验组中初治病人和复治病人的疗效都显著优于对照组，尤其以试验组初治病人最为突出，一周有效率为８４．４％。表明生白宝口服液具有快速、高效提升白细胞的特点，且毒副作用轻微。     

专题前言

鼻咽癌是我国具有地域分布特殊性的常见恶性肿瘤，通过我国肿瘤研究工作者的几十年不懈努力，其诊治已达国际先进水平。国际肿瘤研究机构也越来越重视我国的鼻咽癌研究成果。《中国肿瘤》杂志组织本期鼻咽癌专题。承蒙同内著名专家的赐稿，给国内学者提供了一个学习的机会，本专题内容丰富，涵盖了从流行病到临床最前沿的适形调强放疗和生物治疗的各个方面。     

鼻咽癌颈部转移性淋巴结的超声造影特征及时间强度曲线分析

Objective To study the character of cervical lymph nodes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) by contrast-enhanced uhrasonography(CEUS) and time-intensity curve. Methods Forty-one lymph nodes of metastasis from 32 patients were studied by CEUS. The enhancement of echogenicity was evaluated,and the time-intensity curve was analyzed. Results Of the 41 lymph nodes examined, 10 (24.4%) showed intense homogeneous enhancement by CEUS, 23 (56.1%) showed inhomogeneous enhancement and 8 (19.5 %) showed scarce intranodal enhancement. There were 20 (48.8%) lymph nodes showed necrosis. Most of the lymph nodes (92.7%) showed peripheral type blood flow, 3 (7.3) % showed mixed type blood flow. There were significant differences in them(P < 0.01). The time-intensity curve displayed steeply in upslope, and gently in decent. The arrival time(AT), time to peak(TTP), peak intensity (PI) ,area and gradient were (7.2±2.5)s,(7.6±2.3)s,(9.5±3.3)dB,(203.4±45.7)dB· s,1.2±0.5 respectively. Between the lymph nodes with envelope infringed and not, there were significant differences in PI and area, while there were not significant differences in AT, TTP and gradient. Conclusions The metastasis cervical lymph nodes of NPC had specific character by CEUS and time-intensity curve. In this way,it may help us to diagnosis cervical lymph nodes metastasis of NPC,and provide more information for the therapy and prognosis judgement.     

中国科学院大学附属肿瘤医院（浙江省肿瘤医院）鼻咽癌诊治研究进展

中国科学院大学附属肿瘤医院近年来就鼻咽癌诊治开展了数十项研究,这些研究大部分是针对Ⅱ期、局部晚期、转移鼻咽癌的治疗干预性研究,其余的是针对预后因素、分期以及放疗毒副反应的研究。全文就这数十项研究作一综述,一方面是对浙江省鼻咽癌学科发展的宣传与肯定,另一方面为临床医师合理制定临床治疗策略提供一些参考,也为扩大国内外鼻咽癌学科的交流和发展提供契机。     

西妥昔单抗联合放化疗治疗晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤

目的 观察西妥昔单抗联合放化疗治疗晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤（HNSCC）的有效性和安全性.方法 2007年11月至2010年5月经病理证实的26例晚期HNSCC患者,接受西妥昔单抗联合放化疗治疗.西妥昔单抗静脉滴注给药,首剂400mg/m2,后续剂量250mg/m2,每周1次,连用5~12周.其中23例患者同时接受放疗,原发灶剂量为60~74.25Gy,转移淋巴结为60~72Gy.18例患者同时接受化疗,方案为PF或TPF.结果 评估患者近期疗效和急性不良反应.所有患者在治疗后3个月时进行疗效评价：完全缓解（CR）65.4%（17/26）,部分缓解（PR）15.38%（4/26）,稳定（SD）11.5%（3/26）,进展（PD）3.8%（1/26）,术后无法评价疗效1例.其中19例初治的HNSCC患者中,CR73.7%（14/19）,PR15.7%（3/19）,SD5.3%（1/19）,PD5.3%（1/19）;7例复发或转移的患者中,CR42.8%（3/7）,SD28.6%（2/7）,PD28.6%（2/7）.治疗中出现的主要不良反应包括口咽黏膜炎、舌黏膜炎和特异性痤疮样皮疹.26例患者均完成随访,中位随访时间11个月,随访中5例PD,疾病进展时间（TTP）为4~22个月,中位数为7个月,生存时间4~33个月,中位数为11个月.10例初治鼻咽癌患者无一出现转移或复发.结论 西妥昔单抗联合放化疗治疗晚期HNSCC,近期疗效满意,痤疮样皮疹为药物特异性副作用,未出现影响治疗进行的严重特异性不良反应.