Dectin-2受体介导宿主抵抗烟曲霉菌感染的研究

目的探讨C型凝集素受体Dectin-2在烟曲霉菌感染中的作用及机制。方法用紫外线灭活的烟曲霉菌膨胀态分生孢子刺激野生型(wild type, WT)和Dectin-2缺失(Clec4n-/-)小鼠骨髓来源的巨噬细胞(bone marrow derived macrophages, BMDMs)。刺激20min及40min后，利用Western印迹法检测BMDMs中脾酪氨酸激酶(spleen tyrosine kinase, Syk)和核转录因子κB抑制因子(inhibitor-κB, IκBα)的磷酸化水平。刺激16h后，利用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测BMDMs细胞上清液中IL-6、TNF-α和IL-12p40的水平。另一方面，利用压舌感染的方法在WT和Clec4n-/-小鼠中构建烟曲霉菌肺部感染模型。感染2d后，统计小鼠整个肺脏荷菌量，并检测肺脏匀浆液中IL-6和IL-12p40水平。结果体外试验提示，烟曲霉菌刺激后，Dectin-2缺失的BMDMs中Syk和IκBα的磷酸化水平及IL-6、TNF-α和IL-12p40水平显著下降(P＜0.05)。体内试验发现，烟曲霉菌感染后，Dectin-2缺失小鼠中肺脏荷菌量显著升高(P＜0.05)，肺脏匀浆液内IL-6、IL-12p40水平显著降低(P＜0.05)。结论C型凝集素受体Dectin-2激活烟曲霉菌诱导的NF-κB信号通路并介导促炎细胞因子的产生，可在小鼠肺烟曲霉菌病动物模型中发挥保护性作用。     

Sequential Therapy Based on Evolvement of Patterns: A New Model for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

In order to solve the problem of long-term (>9 months) efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) by conventional therapy (CT), a staged and multiply-targeted sequential therapy based on the evolvement of patterns (STEP) was developed. Its main innovations include: (1) the time order of evolution of patterns defined by Chinese medicine (CM) in AD was found, that is, "the orderly pattern evolution starting from Shen (Kidney) deficiency, progressing to phlegm, stasis and fire, and worsening to severe toxin as well as functional collapse"; (2) the cascade hypothesis of Shen deficiency in AD and its sequential therapy based on Shen-reinforcing was proposed, that is, "reinforcing Shen in the early stage and throughout the whole process, resolving phlegm, activating blood and purging fire in the middle stage, detoxifying and replenishing vitality to stop the collapse in the advanced stage", and through meta-analysis, clinical drug use was optimized, thus the leap from "inferential selection" to "evidence-based selection" was realized; (3) the STEP regimen combined with CT maintained cognitive and behavioral stability in AD patients for at least 12 months, with cognitive enhancement and behavioral synergy after 9 months, and cognitive benefit was superior to CT at 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months, respectively. The 2-year cognitive improvement rate was increased by 25.64% (P=0.020) and the cognitive deterioration rate was decreased by 48.71% (P=0.000). Among them, the cognitive and functional benefits of Shen-reinforcing therapy for very early AD (350 cases) for 1 year were better than the placebo (P<0.001), and the dementia conversion rate was reduced by 8.85% (P=0.002). The behavioral symptomatic relief of patients with vascular dementia received fire-purging therapy (540 cases) was superior to those received CT (P=0.016). These data suggested that the STEP regimen has synergistic effects on CTs at least in terms of cognitive benefit, and the earlier the use, the greater the benefit will have. Therefore, the STEP regimen should be considered as one of the clinical options, particularly for the dearth of effective pharmaceutical or immunological interventions that are currently available for AD.     

肾囊肿三种治疗方法的对比分析

肾囊肿是非常常见的泌尿系统疾病，过去多采用开放手术进行治疗。近年米，随着影像学技术的发展和介入手术的开展，以及腹腔镜技术的发展，经B超定位肾囊肿穿刺硬化术和后腹腔镜下肾囊肿去顶术成为行之有效的方法。本文回顾性分析近年来安吉县第三人民医院收治的肾囊肿患者的治疗情况，现报道如下。     

Feasibility of establishing cerebral ischemia models by using aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery of piglets Imaging assessment

BACKGROUND: The cerebral ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion animal models are used to simulate the human cerebrovascular diseases is one of the popular topics of neurological science recently. To study the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and to establish the ideal animal model that is the most similar to the human cerebral ischemia, are the topics that the people generally cared about. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery on the establishment of cerebral ischemia models by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). DESIGN: Repetitive measure animal experiment. SETTING: Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Animal Laboratory (Provincial Laboratory), Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian Univeristy from January to May 2006. A total of 14 domestic piglets, of 6 months old, weighing 12–15 kg, of either gender, were selected from Animal Experimental Center, Dalian University. Multistar T.O.P digital subtraction angiography machine was provided by Siemens Company, German. METHODS: Aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery was used to establish cerebral ischemia models. And then, Multistar T.O.P. DSA was used for imaging of cerebral vessels before blocking, during blocking and at 0.5 and 2 hours after ischemia perfusion. GE Signa 1.5 T supraconduction magnetic resonance imaging was used for DWI examination; in addition, PWI was used based on focal sites and areas. Otherwise, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect signal changes of T1WI and T2WI in ischemic areas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analytic results of DSA, DWI, PWI and MRI. RESULTS: All 14 experimental piglets were involved in the final analysis. ① DSA: The blood flow of bilateral ascending pharyngeal arteries and its branch were blocked at blocking phase, which restored 0.5 and 2 hours after reperfusion. ② DWI and PWI: There were no observable abnormalities in PWI and DWI at pre-blocking. Abnormal increased signals were found on both DWI and PWI at during and post-blocking. There were reduction in ADC and rCBF and delay in rTTP at all time points except pre-blocking. ③ MRI: There were no abnormal signals observable at any time of pre- and post-blocking in T1WI and T2WI. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to establish this kind of animal experimental models, and it can simulate the ischemic state; meanwhile, the existence and extent can be showed directly by DSA, DWI, and PWI.     

TSRH系统治疗胸段脊柱骨折

自1 998～2 0 0 3年应用TSRH钩/棒系统经后路治疗脊柱胸段骨折1 1例,取得满意疗效。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组1 1例,男6例,女5例,年龄1 7～5 1岁,平均30 5岁。损伤部位:T53例,T74例,T82例,T91例,T1 0 1例。2例合并伤椎上、下位椎体横突骨折,3例存在棘间韧带断裂。1 1例中有6例合并肢体骨折,其中1例合并骨盆骨折。损伤原因:车祸9例,高处坠落伤2例。根据Denis理论骨折分型:前柱损伤1例,前、中柱损伤4例,三柱损伤6例。受伤至手术时间3～1 4d ,平均8 5d。1 1例均术前、术后行正侧位CR片、CT及术前MRI检查,测量脊柱后凸角(Cobb法…     

Clinical observation of Qi deficiency syndrome in 72 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule

Seventy-two patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of Qi deficiency syndrome with abnormal immune indices were treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule (YQMYG) and the efficacy was compared with that of 30 cases treated with Zhenqi fuzheng Granule (ZQFZG) for control. Results showed that the markedly effective rate of symptomatic improvement of Qi deficiency in YQMYG group was 65.3%, the total effective rate 93.1%. 88.6% of the immune indices lower than normal were corrected and 43. 7% of them were normalized, while for indices that were higher than normal the rate were 78.2% and 52.9% respectively. These results suggested that YQMYG could improve symptom of Qi Deficiency markedly, strengthen cellular immunity and regulate immune dysfunction. Its therapeutic efficacy was obviously superior to ZQFZG (P<0.Q5).     

显微镜下演绎绿色人生--记解放军第153医院脑血管病后遗症治疗中心主任王广顺

脑血管病是危害人类健康的常见疾病，它具有发病率高、复发率高、死亡率高、致残率高等特点，死亡率居各种死因的前两位，患者痛苦大，精神负担、经济负担重。最近，有不少读者打电话询问本刊编辑部，称联系不到脑血管后遗症显微外科专家王广顺。本刊曾在2002年第2期报道过他的事迹，又陆续刊登过他的几篇文章。在解放军153医院，记者又见到了了那熟悉的身影。目前的l53医院脑血管病后遗症治疗中心，是一所设备先进、技术力量雄厚、环境优美、服务一流的治疗中心。     

PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF CONJOINED TWINSWI''TH REAL-TIME ULTRASOUNDA CASE REPORT

Conjoined twins case is a rare abnormality.The most common type of union is thoracopaguswhich is found in 75To of the cases. Conjoinedtwins have a sex predilection with 75Vo beingFcmale.i A case of conjoined twins was diagnoscdwith real-time ultrasonic scanner (Linear arraymodel, transducer 3.5 mHz) at the 21st week ofpcstation. Final.ly. it was shown late.r by po.slmor-tem examination after delivery that concurrentmalformation in head, hearts and aorta were pre-sent as previously seen on the ultrasonic imagcs.