肝内胆管癌肝切除术后“教科书式结局”影响因素分析及预测模型建立

目的 分析肝内胆管癌（ICC）病人肝切除术后“教科书式结局”（TO）的影响因素，构建预测TO评分模型。方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2017年1月东南大学附属中大医院和中国人民解放军东部战区总医院八一医院收治的261例行肝切除术的ICC病人临床病理资料，分析影响TO的独立危险因素，根据危险因素的权重构建预测TO的评分模型。结果 261例ICC病人中，67例（25.7%）术后发生TO。年龄、肝硬化、手术时间和T分期［第8版美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）癌症分期］为术后TO的独立预测因素。依此4项因素构建的评分模型显示了较好的预测准确性，最佳截断值为-1.9分，其敏感度为67.2%，特异度为62.9%。一致性检验显示其预测概率和实际发生概率有着较好的一致性（χ2=1.350，P=0.853）。结论 基于年龄、肝硬化、手术时间、T分期4个因素建立的评分模型可较准确地预测ICC病人术后TO的可能性，即手术时间短、无肝硬化、肿瘤直径<5 cm的年轻ICC病人肝切除后获得TO的可能性更大。     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值在女性外阴硬化性苔藓患者继发甲状腺异常风险预测中的价值

目的:探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)在女性外阴硬化性苔藓(VLS)患者继发甲状腺异常中的预测价值。方法:从2014年1月-2018年6月确诊的女性VLS患者中随机抽取273例,进行外周血NLR水平追踪,研究追踪时间截止至2018年12月31日,甲状腺异常者在第一次出现异常时即停止追踪。VLS继发甲状腺异常者设为观察组,其余为对照组,比较两组患者的甲状腺激素及抗体水平的差异,并采用Pearson相关分析NLR与外阴白斑面积、甲状腺激素及抗体水平的相关性,同时采用ROC曲线评估NLR在预测女性VLS患者继发甲状腺异常中的临床效能。结果:VLS患者平均年龄为(42.17±8.65)岁,皮损部位多局限于大小阴唇及阴道口,多数呈现色素脱失或减退。甲状腺异常发生率为13.92%(38/273),出现甲状腺异常的平均时间为(15.21±3.48)个月,以TPO-Ab和TSH水平异常为主。Pearson相关分析显示NLR与外阴白斑面积、TSH及TPO-Ab水平均呈正相关性(r值分别为0.232、0.531、0.499)。ROC曲线结果显示,NLR预测女性VLS患者继发甲状腺异常的ROC曲线下面积为0.906(95%CI:0.841～0.971),当NLR为5.585时,约登指数为0.736,敏感度为84.2%,特异度为89.4%。结论:女性VLS患者甲状腺功能或抗体异常的发生率较高,NLR能有效预测VLS患者继发甲状腺异常的发生,临床医生应当对VLS患者常规检测NLR水平。     

高渗盐水在重型颅脑损伤合并休克的早期治疗

目的:探讨高渗盐水在重型颅脑损伤合并休克的早期治疗价值.方法:收集我院重型颅脑损伤合并休克的患者,外伤类型为车祸伤、坠落伤、暴力击打伤等.分为:研究组(接受高渗盐水降压)和对照组(接受甘露醇降压).结果:(1)两组治疗前颅内压、中心静脉压、平均动脉压、脑灌注压比较无差异(P＞0.05);两组治疗4小时颅内压、中心静脉压、平均动脉压、脑灌注压比较有差异(P＜0.05). (2)两组治疗前、治疗4小时血钠、氯化物、钾对比较无差异(P＞0.05);两组治疗4小时血钠、氯化物、钾比较无差异(P＞0.05).结论:相对于甘露醇,高渗盐水在重型颅脑损伤合并休克降压效果肯定,对改善脑灌注压持久、安全.     

某医院感染阴沟肠杆菌分布及耐药性变迁

摘要 目的 了解某医院感染阴沟肠杆菌分布及耐药性变迁，指导临床合理用药。方法 通过细菌分离培养和药敏试验方法，对某医院患者送检病原学标本进行检测和分析。结果 共收集该医院临床分离阴沟肠杆菌454株，有45.15%阴沟肠杆菌分离自痰液，居首位；临床分离的阴沟肠杆菌主要来自老年医学科和骨科，分别占21.37%和18.94%；检出产β-内酰胺酶株菌187株，占41.18%；产β-内酰胺酶菌株对抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于非产酶菌株；5年共检测出对碳青霉烯类耐药菌株26株，占5.73%。结论 阴沟肠杆菌耐药性呈增长趋势，尤其对碳青霉烯类耐药性明显增加，应加强耐药性监测，防止其在医院内流行。     

尊重善良的心

我们小区前面,是郊区的平房,很多人租住在那里.一家租户的孩子突然得了重病.孩子的父母是摆小摊的,家境也不好.那个孩子很可爱,平时大家见到她,总会逗她玩.     

纤维蛋白原水平和因子ⅩⅢV34L多态性可预测卒中溶栓治疗后的临床转归

溶栓治疗是缺血性卒中最有效的急性期治疗手段,但其疗效和不良反应均有显著的异质性。许多接受溶栓治疗的患者并不能获得理想的组织灌注,另外,与溶栓治疗有关的病死率在很大程度上是由于出血并发症造成的。因此,确定能够改善缺血性卒中患者溶栓治疗风险傲益比的遗传和环境因素至关重要。西班牙学者Gonzalez-conejero等募集了连续200例接受静脉重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂治疗的急性缺     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.