死亡结构域相关蛋白及其在宫颈病变中的研究进展

宫颈癌对妇女健康构成严重威胁,人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈病变及宫颈癌的发生密切相关。关于宫颈癌发生发展的机制仍在研究中。近年研究发现一种多功能核蛋白,即死亡结构域相关蛋白(death domain associated protein,Daxx),其与细胞内蛋白或病毒蛋白相互作用,参与调节细胞凋亡、转录调控、抗病毒等细胞活动,在不同途径中发挥不同的生理或病理作用。通过对Daxx功能及其作用机制的研究有助于进一步阐明宫颈癌发生发展的机制,有助于发现新的预防和治疗方法。综述Daxx的一般特性和研究现况及其在宫颈病变的研究进展。     

胎龄<28周早产儿动脉导管未闭的治疗进展

动脉导管未闭(PDA)是早产儿常见疾病,目前早产儿PDA的自然发展过程仍未完全明确,PDA发生的有些高危因素仍存在争议,对PDA是否进行药物、手术干预,以及何时进行药物、手术干预仍存在争议。尽管已经有相当多的证据证实动脉导管持续开放可能有害,但目前尚缺乏关闭导管治疗方案的远期益处或害处的相关证据。大多数临床试验旨在评估短期导管开放对患儿的影响。目前尚无评估动脉导管持续开放对早产儿死亡率及并发症影响的临床试验。近年来PDA治疗上最大的变化是减少对PDA的治疗。该文重点总结胎龄28周早产儿PDA的治疗策略。     

Unexpected Return for Follow-up During the First Year of Multidisciplinary Care May Be Predictive of Rapid Deterioration of Renal Function

Multidisciplinary predialysis education and team care (MDC) may slow the decline in renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, associations between unexpected return during MDC and progression of renal dysfunction have not been characterized in patients with CKD. Our study aimed to determine the association between exacerbation of renal dysfunction and the frequency of unexpected return during follow-up.A total of 437 patients with CKD receiving multidisciplinary care between January 2009 and June 2013 at the Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital were included in this retrospective observational cohort study, and multiple imputations were performed for missing data. The predictor was the frequency of unexpected return for follow-up during the first year after entering MDC. Main outcome was monthly declines in estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR). Moreover, the demographic data, comorbidities, history of medication, and routine laboratory data for patients with CKD were collected.Among all patients, 59.7% were male, the mean age at initiation of MDC was 69.4 ± 13.2 years, and the duration of follow-up was 21.4 ± 3.3 months. The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to frequencies of follow-up (≤4 and > 4 visits) during the 1st year of MDC. The patients with CKD were regularly followed up every 3 months as a part of MDC in our hospital, and patients who returned for more than 4 follow-up visits were included in the unexpected return group. In crude regression analyses, unexpected return was significantly associated with higher monthly declines of eGFR (β = 0.092, 95% confidence interval, 0.014–0.170). This association remained after adjustments for multiple variables, and subgroup analyses of unexpected return showed that male gender, older age, CKD stage 1 to 3, hypertension, history of coronary artery disease, and use of renin–angiotensin system blockade were significantly associated with declines in renal function.In conclusion, unexpected return for follow-up during the 1st year of MDC was significantly associated with the deterioration of renal function.     

西部地区基层医院继续医学教育的调查及思考

通过在西部基层医院实施继续医学教育并开展问卷调查,对调查结果如:基层参加继续医学教育人员的教育及职称状况;既往参加继续医学教育的经历;对基层进行继续医学教育的形式和内容等进行探讨,明确在基层进行继续医学教育优势,为进一步在基层开展继续医学教育提供参考依据。     

亮氨酸氨基肽酶在妊娠妇女血清中的水平变化及其意义

目的:探讨血清亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)在妊娠妇女不同时期血清中的变化规律及其临床意义。方法:选取2011年1月~2013年12月在该院产检的正常妊娠妇女180例,根据孕周分为早期组、中期组和晚期组,每组各60例,另选取60例健康未孕妇女为未孕组;同时选取该院收治的妊娠期高血压疾病妇女33例为妊娠期高血压疾病组、早产孕妇22例为早产组,采用速率法分别检测各组孕妇血清LAP水平并进行比较。结果:未孕组、早期组、中期组、晚期组妇女的血清LAP、血清肝胆酸(CG)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。妊娠期高血压疾病组的CG、ALP、AFU、LAP水平显著高于早期组、中期组和晚期组(P均<0.05);早产组的CG、ALP、AFU、LAP水平显著高于早期组、中期组(P均<0.05),仅CG水平高于晚期组(P<0.05)。结论:随着妊娠周期的增加,妊娠妇女的血清LAP水平逐步升高,在合并妊娠期高血压疾病时LAP升高更加显著,结合CG、ALP、AFU水平的变化能够对妊娠期高血压疾病的发病情况进行动态监测。