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Panagiota Lambrou Eleftherios Zervas Erasmia Oikonomidou Niki Papageorgiou Manos Alchanatis Mina Gaga 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2007,98(6):567-572
BACKGROUND: Asthma and rhinitis often coexist, and there is evidence to suggest that they have similar histopathologic features. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the inflammatory infiltration in the nasal mucosa in rhinitis is affected by the presence of asthma and allergy. METHODS: Nasal mucosa biopsy samples were collected from 44 individuals: 18 with rhinitis and asthma (9 allergic and 9 nonallergic), 16 with rhinitis and no asthma (8 allergic and 8 nonallergic), and 10 nonallergic control subjects. The alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase method was applied to 6-microm-thick cryostat sections using monoclonal antibodies against T cells (CD4 and CD8) and eosinophils (EG2). Slides were counted blindly, and results are expressed as cells per high-power field. RESULTS: Eosinophil counts were higher in the nasal mucosa of rhinitic patients vs controls. No differences in cellular infiltration were detected between rhinitic patients with and without asthma or between allergic and nonallergic patients. A trend toward higher CD4+ T-cell counts in the nasal mucosa of rhinitic patients was observed, whereas no differences were noted in CD8+ T-cell infiltration among the groups. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory infiltration, characterized by the presence of eosinophils and CD4+ T cells, was similar in the nasal mucosa in noninfectious rhinitis irrespective of the presence of asthma or the allergic status of the patient. 相似文献
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What evidence is there for the existence of individual genes with antagonistic pleiotropic effects? 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Leroi AM Bartke A De Benedictis G Franceschi C Gartner A Gonos ES Gonos E Fedei ME Feder ME Kivisild T Lee S Kartaf-Ozer N Kartal-Ozer N Schumacher M Sikora E Slagboom E Tatar M Yashin AI Vijg J Zwaan B 《Mechanisms of ageing and development》2005,126(3):421-429
Classical evolutionary theory predicts the existence of genes with antagonistic effects on longevity and various components of early-life fitness. Quantitative genetic studies have provided convincing evidence that such genes exist. However, antagonistic pleiotropic effects have rarely been attributed to individual loci. We examine several classes of longevity-assurance genes: those involved in regulation of the gonad; the insulin-like growth factor pathway; free-radical scavenging; heat shock proteins and apoptosis. We find initial evidence that antagonistic pleiotropic effects are pervasive in each of these classes of genes and in various model systems--although most studies lack explicit studies of fitness components. This is particularly true of human studies. Very little is known about the early-life fitness effects of longevity loci. Given the possible medical importance of such effects we urge their future study. 相似文献
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Kellis E 《European journal of applied physiology》2003,89(3-4):271-280
The examination of the moment exerted by the hamstrings during maximum isokinetic knee extensor tests is useful when comparing
isokinetic strength and muscle activity patterns between children and adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the
effect of antagonist moment of the hamstrings on the isokinetic moment of the knee extensors in pubertal children and to determine
whether this effect is altered following a fatigue task. Eighteen healthy pubertal males [age 14.3 (0.5) years] performed
34 maximal isokinetic concentric efforts of the knee extensors at 60°·s−1. The average moment of force and electromyographic (aEMG) signal of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps
femoris (BF) at 11–30°, 31–50°, 51–70° and 71–90° of knee flexion were calculated for each repetition. The hamstrings antagonist
moment was determined before and after the fatigue task by fitting the aEMG–moment relationship at different levels of muscle
effort using second-degree polynomials. The percentage contribution of the antagonist moment to the resultant joint moment
ranged from 7.1 % to 60.4 % throughout the range of motion, with the highest percentage observed close to full knee extension
(11–30°). The antagonist effect was significantly greater during concentric tests of the knee extensors compared to the corresponding
eccentric tests (p<0.05). Following the fatigue test, there was an overall decline of the resultant joint moment, but no changes in the predicted
hamstrings moment were observed. These results indicate that when testing maximal knee extensor isokinetic strength in pubertal
boys, activity of the hamstrings implies a reduction of the net extensor moment as compared to the isolated capacity of the
knee extensors. However, this antagonist effect is not altered following the performance of an isokinetic fatigue knee extension
task.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
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Dr. T. Mergner D. Anastasopoulos W. Becker 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1982,45(1-2):196-206
Summary Neuronal responses to natural stimulation of neck proprioceptors were studied in the region of the small cell group x in the dorsolateral medullary brainstem of slightly anesthetized and paralyzed cats. Stimulation consisted of horizontal trunk rotations about C1 with the head fixed in space. Out of 74 neurons recorded, 92% showed an increase in discharge rate with ipsilateral neck stretch and a decrease with contralateral stretch (Type N I responses); 8% showed the reverse response pattern (Type N II responses). In the primary head-to-trunk position, almost all neurons had tonic activity that probably stemmed from prestretched neck proprioceptors. Responses to sinusoidal stimulation and position trapezoids showed a static (position-sensitive) as well as a dynamic (essentially velocitysensitive) component. The relative weight of the two components varied considerably among the neurons. It was not possible to distinguish discrete neuronal populations on the basis of the dynamic characteristics. There was no evidence of a convergent input from other receptor systems, such as the horizontal canal system. Several neurons responded to muscle tapping and showed an increase of the velocity component following systemic injection of succinylcholine. We take this as evidence that they may receive input from muscle spindle receptors.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 70/U4 相似文献
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Evangelia Katsouri Emmanuella Magriplis Antonis Zampelas Eleftherios H. Drosinos George-John Nychas 《Nutrients》2021,13(2)
Gravieras are ‘gruyere’ type hard cheeses with a variety of different products and the second highest consumption in Greece. In this study, we present a dietary intake assessment and a nutritional characterization of pre-packed graviera products sold in the Greek market using Nutri-Score Front of Pack Label (FoPL). The nutrient contents of 92 pre-packed graviera products were combined with daily individual consumption data extracted from the Hellenic National Nutrition Health Survey (n = 93), attempting to evaluate the contribution of graviera’s consumption to the Greek diet. The analysis of nutrients’ intake as a Reference Intake (RI) percentage ranked saturated fat first on the nutrients’ intake list, with RI percentage ranging from 36.1 to 109.2% for the 95th percentile of consumption. The respective % RI for energy, total fat, carbohydrates, sugars, proteins and salt ranged from 12.7–20.7%, 21.6–50.4%, 0–3.1%, 0–6.1%, 37–57.1% and 6.3–42%. Nutri-Score classified 1% of the products to C—light orange class, 62% to D—orange and 37% to E—dark orange, while no products were classified to A—dark green or B—green classes. The comparison between the Nutri-Score classification and the nutrients’ intake assessment, also separately conducted within the classes, showed a higher salt intake after the consumption of products classified as D—orange and E—dark orange. 相似文献
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Erna Busch MD Miguel Rodriguez-Bigas MD Eleftherios Mamounas MD Maurice Barcos MD Dr. Nicholas J. Petrelli MD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1994,1(3):222-228
Background: The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of extranodal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Primary colorectal NHL comprises 13–18% of all gastrointestinal NHL but is not commonly reported as a separate entity.
Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of 19 patients over a 16-year period to evaluate the clinical features and behavior of colorectal NHL.
Results: A pediatric group of seven male patients presented at an early stage with acute symptomatology. The primary tumor was located in the ileocecum in all cases and intussusception was common. An adult group of 12 patients presented at a later stage with chronic symptomatology. Staging study results were positive by bone marrow biopsy in four of 16 patients (25%), by lymphangiography in six of 11 patients (54.5%), and by gallium scan in eight of 10 patients (80%). Seven patients relapsed a median of 8 months after treatment. Three other patients died during treatment, one died of other causes, and one died without receiving treatment. The remaining seven patients are alive from 41 to 231 months without evidence of disease. Five of these patients are in the pediatric group, where the median survival was >72 months. The overall median survival was 45 months.
Conclusion: Colorectal NHL is a disease that affects both the pediatric and adult population. Although pediatric patients have an excellent prognosis with anticipated long-term survival after treatment, long-term survival can be expected in 50% of adult patients. In both groups of patients, multimodality therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation is the treatment of choice.Presented at the 46th Annual Cancer Symposium of The Society of Surgical Oncology, Los Angeles, California, March 18–21, 1993. 相似文献