足趾移植长手指全形再造术的临床应用

目的探讨足趾移植长手指全形再造手术的临床疗效。方法自2015年6月至2019年6月,对16例因外伤致手指缺损患者采用足趾移植长手指全形再造术,术后评估供区及受区的感觉功能、运动功能及外观形态,分析指甲畸形及增生性瘢痕的发生情况,并记录术后发生感染、血肿、皮片坏死及供区愈合不良等情况;通过调查问卷的方式分析患者的满意度。结果所有患者术后获随访1~12个月,其中2例受区发生感染,1例受区皮片边缘发生坏死,经换药后予以缓解;其余患者的供、受区均未出现长时间的痛疼感觉,受区感觉功能恢复达87.50%,受区运动功能恢复均较满意,手指外形基本满意。供区感觉受影响者2例,运动功能受限者1例,外形一般者2例。所有患者无指甲畸形及增生性瘢痕发生;满意者1例,基本满意者14例,不满意者1例。结论采用足趾移植长手指全形再造手术,基本可以满足患者及医师对于缺损手指进行完美修复的目标。     

A comparison of the relationships between psychosocial factors,occupational strain,and work ability among 4 ethnic teacher groups in China

The present study compared the level of occupational strain and work ability among Han, Hui, Uygur, Hui, and Kazakh teachers, and explored ethnic differences based on the associations of psychosocial factors at work, occupational strain, and work ability. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,941 teachers in primary and secondary schools in Xinjiang Province, China. Psychosocial factors, occupational strain, and work ability were measured using the Occupation Stress Inventory—Revised Edition (OSI-R) and Work Ability Index. Han and Hui teachers experienced reduced work ability compared with Uygur and Kazakh teachers, and this finding was caused, in part, by exposure to psychosocial factors at work. The vocational and psychological strains caused by these factors play an important role in reduced work ability among all ethnic teacher groups. The findings indicate the importance of taking action to reduce occupational strain for promoting teachers' work ability in multiethnic workplaces.     

苯扎贝特治疗儿童ApoE Tokyo(Arg25Cys)突变型脂蛋白肾病1例

脂蛋白肾病(Lipoprotein glomerulopathy,LPG),1989年首次由日本学者Saito报道,LPG主要累及肾脏,且以肾小球病变为主[1]。几乎所有患者均有不同程度的蛋白尿,多数表现为肾病综合征,少数表现为轻微蛋白尿和镜下血尿,部分患者伴有不同程度的贫血及高血压,血脂异常易被忽略为肾病综合征的低蛋白血症所致。载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)增高是LPG血脂改变的主要特点[2-3]。LPG为一种与脂质代谢紊乱密切相关的肾脏疾病,目前世界范围内有报道的病例不足200例,儿童报道仅10余例[2]。本病进展缓慢,临床常误诊为原发性肾病综合征[4]。因此,为增强对LPG的认识,提高诊治水平,现分析1例确诊的儿童LPG临床资料,总结LPG的临床特点、诊断、治疗及预后。     

Lysophosphatidylcholine‐induced cytotoxicity and protection by heparin in mouse brain bEND.3 endothelial cells

A pathological feature in atherosclerosis is the dysfunction and death of vascular endothelial cells (EC). Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), known to accumulate in the atherosclerotic arterial walls, impairs endothelium‐dependent relaxation and causes EC apoptosis. A major bioactive ingredient of the oxidized LDL is lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), which at higher concentrations causes apoptosis and necrosis in various EC. There is hitherto no report on LPC‐induced cytotoxicity in brain EC. In this work, we found that LPC caused cytosolic Ca²⁺ overload, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, p38 activation, caspase 3 activation and eventually apoptotic death in mouse cerebral bEND.3 EC. In contrast to reported reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by LPC in other EC, LPC did not trigger ROS formation in bEND.3 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 alleviated LPC‐inflicted cell death. We examined whether heparin could be cytoprotective: although it could not suppress LPC‐triggered Ca²⁺ signal, p38 activation and mitochondrial membrane potential drop, it did suppress LPC‐induced caspase 3 activation and alleviate LPC‐inflicted cytotoxicity. Our data suggest LPC apoptotic death mechanisms in bEND.3 might involve mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and p38 activation. Heparin is protective against LPC cytotoxicity and might intervene steps between mitochondrial membrane potential drop/p38 activation and caspase 3 activation.     

Liguzinediol对阿霉素诱导的慢性心衰大鼠心功能的影响

目的 通过阿霉素（Dox）复制大鼠慢性心力衰竭（CHF）模型，观察Liguzinediol对CHF大鼠心功能的影响。方法 通过血流动力学观察Liguzinediol对Dox（腹腔注射，2 mg/kg）诱导的CHF大鼠左心室内压最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dt_max)、左心室内压(LVSP)、动脉收缩压(ASP)、动脉舒张压(ADP)和心率(HR)的变化；观察Liguzinediol对血清一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化氮合成酶（NOS）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）以及血浆中丙二醛（MDA）的影响。结果 Liguzinediol能增加LVSP、+dp/dt_max、ASP、ADP、AP、HR，降低-dp/dt_max(P<0.05~0.01)；降低NO、iNOS以及MDA的浓度，同时增强了SOD的活性(P<0.05~0.01)；抑制IL-6和TNF-α的生成(P<0.05~0.01)。结论 Liguzinediol可明显改善Dox诱导的CHF大鼠血流动力学指标，减少模型大鼠炎症因子的释放以及抑制氧自由基的生成。      

非那雄胺在慢性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者中的应用

目的评估非那雄胺治疗慢性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinopathy,CSC)的有效性及安全性。方法选取2017年3月至2019年6月在本院确诊的慢性CSC患者31例40眼,采用单臂试验对患者进行非那雄胺治疗。使用非那雄胺治疗后6个月,对患者的视网膜神经上皮层(retinal neuroepithelial layer,RNL)下积液状况,ETDRS视力以及黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(central foveal thickness,CFT)进行检查。结果非那雄胺治疗后1个月,有10眼(25.0%)RNL下积液完全消退。持续治疗2个月、3个月、4个月、5个月、6个月,分别有7眼(17.5%)、6眼(15.0%)、7眼(17.5%)、3眼(7.5%)及3眼(7.5%)RNL下积液消退,仅有4眼(10.0%)在治疗后6个月RNL下积液仍存在。患眼EDTRS视力非那雄胺治疗后1个月为(50.00±16.11)个字母,与治疗前(46.16±16.67)个字母差异无统计学意义(P=0.2213);治疗后2个月(53.39±14.67)个字母,较治疗前显著升高(P=0.0003);治疗后3个月、4个月、5个月、6个月,分别为(57.39±12.76)个字母、(58.52±12.39)个字母、(59.13±10.76)个字母及(60.42±10.96)个字母,与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.0001)。而患眼CFT自治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月、4个月、5个月、6个月分别为(274.10±22.74)μm、(273.00±17.22)μm、(263.50±12.81)μm、(263.90±10.62)μm、(259.70±12.48)μm及(252.60±11.00)μm,与治疗前(296.60±35.41)μm相比,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。所有患者均无服药后身体不适或并发症发生。结论非那雄胺对于慢性CSC的治疗安全且有效,有望成为慢性CSC的治疗选择。     

Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI评估功能性肝体积与肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性

目的：对比解剖性肝脏体积（ALV）和功能性肝脏体积（FLV）与肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性。方法：选择温州医科大学附属第二医院育英儿童医院2014年1月至2019年4月同时行增强CT和Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI扫描的肝硬化患者25例。对所有患者进行肝功能Child-Pugh评分，检测所有入组患者每个肝段的Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI平扫期和肝胆特异期的信号对比增强率（CER），以CT扫描的数据为基础利用MI-3DVS计算每个肝段的ALV和全肝的FLV。分析ALV和FLV与肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性。结果：肝功能Child-Pugh分级与ALV呈负相关（r=-0.792，P＜0.001），曲线拟合的决定系数（R2）=0.63；肝功能Child-Pugh分级与FLV亦呈负相关（r=-0.911，P＜0.001），曲线拟合的R2=0.80。FLV与肝功能Child-Pugh分级有更显著的负相关性。结论：结合Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI平扫期和肝胆特异期的信号CER和ALV计算所得的FLV较ALV能更好地反映肝脏的功能状态。