基础医疗设备维修工作中的几点体会

医疗设备维修工作以理论为基础,在维修工作实践中逐步提高维修技术水平,通过学习进一步提高理论水平与实践水平.     

江苏省精神卫生资源配置公平性分析△

目的：分析江苏省精神卫生资源配置现状。方法：运用Lorenz曲线、Gini系数和泰尔指数分析来研究江苏省精神卫生资源配置的公平性。结果：截至2020年底,江苏省每10万人口精神科实际开放床位为32.16张,精神科执业（助理）医师、从事精神卫生工作的护士数分别为2.83名和7.07名。按人口分布计算上述三类资源的Gini系数分别为0.10、0.15、0.13,按地理面积分布计算上述三类资源的Gini系数分别为0.23、0.36、0.29。江苏省各类精神卫生资源总泰尔指数范围为0.007 4-0.018 1,地区内差异贡献率为31.45%-91.40%,地区间差异贡献率为8.60%-68.55%。结论：江苏省的精神卫生资源配置是相对公平的,但地理维度的公平性不及人口维度。江苏省13个城市的精神卫生资源配置公平性存在差异。建议政府在规划全省精神卫生事业发展时,统筹兼顾人口和地域分布,充分考虑地域发展差距,以进一步优化全省精神卫生资源配置,合理规划精神卫生事业发展方案。     

关于医院管理队伍职业化建设的思考

医院管理队伍职业化建设是形势发展的需要。医院管理队伍职业化有特定的内涵，体现在对象要求、职业要求和素质要求3个方面。要建立医院管理队伍职业化用人机制，大力开展职业化培训，加强职业化道德建设，为医院管理队伍职业化健全保障机制。     

彩色多普勒超声检测异位妊娠患者卵巢黄体血流动力学变化的临床价值

目的 探讨彩色多普勒（CDFI）超声检测异位妊娠卵巢黄体血流变化的临床价值。方法 1998-02—2005—10广州医学院第二附属医院和广东增城市人民医院运用CDFI分别对20例胚胎存活型异位妊娠。36例流产型异位妊娠和45例宫内妊娠孕妇黄体血流动力学参数（收缩期峰值流速SPV、阻力指数RI）进行统计学处理和对照分析，并观察卵巢内黄体血流分布特点。结果 胚胎存活型异位妊娠组黄体血流峰值、血流阻力指数与宫内妊娠组比较无明显差异。流产型异位妊娠组黄体血流峰值明显低于宫内妊娠组及胚胎存活型异位妊娠组（P〈0．01），而血流阻力指教则高于宫内妊娠组及胚胎存活型异位妊娠组（P〈0．01）。结论 CDFI检测卵巢黄体血流对诊断是否存在异位妊娠无明显意义，但对异位妊娠中胚胎是否存活具有较高的诊断价值。     

交锁髓内钉治疗股骨胫骨骨折骨不连原因探讨

目的探讨股骨、胫骨骨折交锁髓内钉内固定后发生骨不连的原因及防治方法。方法对235例使用交锁髓内钉的股骨胫骨骨折病例进行回顾性分析,手术采用闭合、小切口或有限切开复位,用三维瞄准器锁定骨折远近端。结果235例随访189例196肢,平均随访15.2个月,股骨87例发生骨不连5例;胫骨109例发生骨不连8例。骨不连与骨折部位、手术方式、解锁时间有明显关系。结论应力遮挡和局部血供障碍是静力型交锁髓内钉所致骨不连的主要原因,术中尽量闭合复位和有限切开复位内固定及适时解锁可降低骨不连的发生。     

议纯阳

参阅古代医籍并根据祖国传统医学理论,对"纯阳"之义做了详尽的阐述,指出"纯阳"不仅阐明了小儿的生理特点,也提示了小儿的病理特点.全面掌握"纯阳"理论对小儿疾病的治疗也有临床指导意义.     

Non-invasive Assessment of Changes in Muscle Injury by Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography: An Experimental Study in Contusion Model

The present study investigated the potential of ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) in assessment of muscle stiffness in muscle injury. SWE was performed on the injured muscle in 30 New Zealand rabbits that were randomly assigned to three groups: the contusion group, which was not treated with an efficient therapeutic strategy after muscle injury; the treatment group, which was treated with a therapeutic scheme after muscle injury; and the healthy group, which was not injured and served as a control. Both the mean Young's modulus (E_mean) and the maximum Young's modulus (E_max) were obtained pre-injury and 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 d post-injury. At these time points, a rabbit in each group was randomly selected for biopsy for histopathological observation as well as comparison with Young's modulus. Eventually, all muscle tissues were collected for histologic analysis of collagen fiber formation. The contusion group had the highest Young's modulus, followed by the treatment group and then the healthy group (p < 0.05). In both the contusion and treatment groups, E_mean and E_max gradually increased within 1–3 d after injury, followed by a gradual decrease. Compared with the healthy group, histopathologic analysis of the contusion and treatment groups revealed the myofibril destruction process, inflammatory reaction and myofibril regeneration. The amount of collagen fibers in the contusion group was maximal compared with the treated and healthy groups (p?=?0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There were more collagen fibers in the treatment group than in the healthy group (p?=?0.003). The abundance of collagen fibers was positively correlated with the value of Young's modulus (E_mean: r?=?0.706, p < 0.001; E_max: r?=?0.761, p < 0.001). Thus, SWE can be used to detect pathologic changes in injured muscle and to monitor therapeutic effects.     

替格瑞洛在老年STEMI患者急诊PCI中的疗效与安全性分析

目的观察替格瑞洛在老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(percutaneous coronary artery intervention,PCI)中的疗效和安全性。方法 2013年4月至2014年10月行急诊PCI术的60岁以上STEMI患者113例,采用数字表法随机分为负荷量替格瑞洛组(57例)和氯吡格雷组(56例),分别给予300 mg阿司匹林和180 mg替格瑞洛嚼服及300 mg阿司匹林和600 mg氯吡格雷嚼服。观察并比较2组患者急诊PCI术后无复流情况及术后1个月内主要心脏不良事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE)发生率及出血、呼吸困难及恶性心律失常的发生率。结果替格瑞洛组无复流发生率以及术后1个月MACE的发生率均低于氯吡格雷组(P<0.05);而2组主要出血、恶性心律失常的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在老年STEMI患者的急诊PCI治疗中,应用替格瑞洛抗栓疗效显著,且安全性较好。     

T-cell receptor (TCR) interaction with peptides that mimic nickel offers insight into nickel contact allergy

T cell-mediated allergy to Ni⁺⁺ is one of the most common forms of allergic contact dermatitis, but how the T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizes Ni⁺⁺ is unknown. We studied a TCR from an allergic patient that recognizes Ni⁺⁺ bound to the MHCII molecule DR52c containing an unknown self-peptide. We identified mimotope peptides that can replace both the self-peptide and Ni⁺⁺ in this ligand. They share a p7 lysine whose εNH₂ group is surface-exposed when bound to DR52c. Whereas the TCR uses germ-line complementary-determining region (CDR)1/2 amino acids to dock in the conventional diagonal mode on the mimotope–DR52c complex, the interface is dominated by the TCR Vβ CDR3 interaction with the p7 lysine. Mutations in the TCR CDR loops have similar effects on the T-cell response to either the mimotope or Ni⁺⁺ ligand. We suggest that the mimotope p7 lysine mimics Ni⁺⁺ in the natural TCR ligand and that MHCII β-chain flexibility in the area around the peptide p7 position forms a common site for cation binding in metal allergies.