营养和激素对家蝇卵黄发生的影响

本实验通过对家蝇取食量的测定，对家蝇进行不同饲料饲喂后，对其不同发育期的血淋巴、脂肪体及和卵巢的发育及卵黄蛋白含量进行观察测定，结果表明，取食蛋白组家蝇血淋巴、脂肪体和卵巢卵黄蛋白含量均高于奶粉组和对照组；羽化４８ｈ后的血淋巴和脂肪体中卵黄蛋白含量为７．３μｇ／μｌ、３１．９μｇ／头；卵巢卵黄蛋白含量为５５．０μｇ／头；在羽化后７２ｈ血淋巴和脂肪体中卵黄蛋白含量分别为２．９μｇ／μｌ、３２．０μｇ／头；卵巢卵黄蛋白含量为８０．０μｇ／头；脉冲式饲喂家蝇后，体内卵黄蛋白含量明显高于对照组，说明蛋白质饲料在家蝇卵黄发生中起重要作用。激素处理结果证明，ＪＨＡ单独处理及ＪＨＡ和蜕皮素协同处理均能促进卵黄蛋白的合成和摄取，而蜕皮素单独处理没有促进作用。最后对营养和激素对生殖的调控作用进行了讨论。     

Quasi-reversible two-electron reduction of oxygen at iodine submonolayer-coated gold electrode in alkaline media

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was investigated using polycrystalline gold (Au (poly)) electrode modified with chemisorbed iodine (I_(ads)) submonolayer (sub I_(ads)) in O₂-saturated 0.1 M KOH solution. The sub I_(ads) was tailored by potential-dependent partial reductive desorption of I_(ads) from its full monolayer. The Au (1 1 1) facet of the Au (poly) electrode was considered to remain bared at the sub I_(ads)/Au (poly) electrode. The interesting finding of the present study is that (unlike the bare Au (poly) electrode) the sub I_(ads)/Au (poly) electrode exhibited a quasi-reversible two-electron reduction of O₂ in alkaline media. The probable origin of the observed quasi-reversible behavior of the ORR is discussed. Experimental investigations were performed using cyclic and steady-state voltammetric, amperometric and coulometric techniques.     

Hemorrhagic cystitis as an unexpected adverse reaction to temozolomide: case report

A case is reported in which temozolomide, a promising new DNA alkylating agent, was successfully used to treat radiation refractory metastatic brain tumors arising from primary breast cancer. However, the treatment had to be terminated after the second round of treatment due to the development of hemorrhagic cystitis. This side effect was totally unexpected. Another class of alkylating agents (cyclophosphamide and related compounds) exhibits this side effect caused by a prevalent acrolein metabolite. Temozolomide and its sister compounds, dacarbazine and 5-(3-methyltriazen-1-yl)imidazole-4-caroxamide, have never been reported to have this adverse reaction. This case serves to alert physicians to the existence of a possible subpopulation of patients who may experience hemorrhagic cystitis on treatment with imidazotetrazines by a mechanism that is yet to be established.     

Biodegradable and bioactive porous polymer/inorganic composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics are being combined in a variety of composite materials for tissue engineering scaffolds. Materials and fabrication routes for three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with interconnected high porosities suitable for bone tissue engineering are reviewed. Different polymer and ceramic compositions applied and their impact on biodegradability and bioactivity of the scaffolds are discussed, including in vitro and in vivo assessments. The mechanical properties of today's available porous scaffolds are analyzed in detail, revealing insufficient elastic stiffness and compressive strength compared to human bone. Further challenges in scaffold fabrication for tissue engineering such as biomolecules incorporation, surface functionalization and 3D scaffold characterization are discussed, giving possible solution strategies. Stem cell incorporation into scaffolds as a future trend is addressed shortly, highlighting the immense potential for creating next-generation synthetic/living composite biomaterials that feature high adaptiveness to the biological environment.     

塔里木盆地啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落结构及其聚类分析

目的 掌握塔里木盆地啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落组成、结构和分类。方法 根据地理区划和生境类型选择调查点，按样方法捕获啮齿动物，对体外寄生虫进行单独鉴定，采用群落生态学技术方法，计算各鼠类、蚤类群落的组成和结构参数，并采用聚类分析的方法，对该地区啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落进行分类。结果 在塔里木盆地共捕获啮齿动物7种351只，检获体外寄生蚤10种683只，蜱类3种321只，螨621只，虱29只，构建7个鼠类、蚤类群落；子午沙鼠体外寄生蚤的蚤指数、丰富度和多样性3项指标均较高，对该地区啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落的构成和稳定起到了积极作用，三趾跳鼠体外寄生虫群落与子午沙鼠存在一定的互补性，对维持塔里木盆地蚤类群落结构亦具有重要的作用。结论 经聚类分析可将塔里木盆地7种啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落聚类为4个类型：（1）短耳沙鼠、小林姬鼠、灰仓鼠和小家鼠体外寄生虫群落；（2）三趾跳鼠体外寄生虫群落；（3）大耳跳鼠体外寄生虫群落；（4）子午沙鼠体外寄生虫群落。     

延迟增强MRI在慢性心肌梗死中的作用

近年来,心血管疾病已成为世界范围内导致人类死亡最主要的原因之一,如何做出准确的诊断.并制定有效的治疗方案,从而降低疾病的死亡率成为放射科医生和临床医生日常工作中一个具有挑战性的课题.在心电图和血清心肌酶阳性的情况下,急性心肌梗塞的患者是可以获得紧急且有效的治疗.然而,部分慢性心肌梗塞的患者却不能获得任何治疗,因为慢性心肌梗塞的患者没有典型的临床症状,心电图检测不敏感,血清心肌酶受限.所以,这样的患者常常因为缺乏慢性心肌梗塞的诊断最终导致心血管死亡.因此,准确的诊断和进一步的影像学评估对于治疗和预后进程具有积极的意义.近年来,作为一种新的MRI对比增强技术DE-MRI被越来越多的人认为对诊断慢性心肌梗死是非常有帮助的检查方法.对DE-MRI的成像原理、在慢性心肌梗塞中临床应用及其优点与极限性作一综述.     

Lysozyme and bovine serum albumin adsorption on uncoated silica and AlOOH-coated silica particles: the influence of positively and negatively charged oxide surface coatings

The adsorption of lysozyme and bovine serum albumin on silica and AlOOH-coated silica particles-representing negatively and positively charged oxide surfaces-was investigated. The protein-treated uncoated and completely AlOOH-coated silica particles were characterized by zeta potential analysis and UV/VIS spectroscopy. It was found that at pH 7 a protein oppositely charged to the oxide surface adsorbs in significantly higher amounts. In contrast, proteins of the same charge did not or only in very low amounts adsorbed on an oxide surface. As both oxide surfaces were measured to be very hydrophilic it can be concluded that electrostatic interactions dominate the adsorption process at the investigated experimental conditions. The pH regions where the proteins interact via attractive and repulsive coulomb interaction with the particular oxide surfaces were calculated and outlined.