人胎盘滋养层细胞体外感染HCMV后的生物学特性变化

目的探讨人胎盘滋养层细胞（以下简称滋养细胞）感染人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）后生物学特性改变及意义。方法采用复合酶消化法及Pereoll密度梯度离心法分离纯化、培养人滋养细胞;采用HCMV AD169病毒感染滋养细胞,检测不同时间点病毒复制情况和细胞凋亡率。结果HCMV感染滋养细胞后快速复制,24—72h复制速度减慢;感染HCMV的滋养细胞凋亡率（34．68％±3．14％）明显高于未感染HCMV者（15．32％±2．34％）,P〈0．05.结论HCMV感染滋养细胞具有早期快速复制的特点,可导致滋养层细胞在感染早期加速凋亡。     

Association of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation treatment with down-regulation of key regulators involved in embryonic implantation in mice

The debate exists whether or not gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) analogs used in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) impair endometrial receptivity.Homeobox A11(Hoxa11),Meis homeobox 1(Meis1),cadherin 1(Cdh1),and catenin beta 1(Ctnnb1) are well known to be involved in successful implantation.In this study,the endometrial expression of Hoxa11,Meis1,Cdh1,and Ctnnb1 during the peri-implantation period was investigated in an in vitro fertilization(IVF) mouse model by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot to evaluate the relationship between Hoxa11,Meis1,Cdh1,and Ctnnb1 expression and the impact of the COH on endometrial receptivity.The mimic COH protocols included GnRH agonist plus human menopausal gonadotropin(HMG)(GnRH agonist group),GnRH antagonist plus HMG(GnRH antagonist group),and HMG alone(HMG group).The expression levels of Hoxa11,Meis1,Cdh1,and Ctnnb1 mRNA and protein were decreased in all of the COH groups.The expression levels of Hoxa11 and Ctnnb1 were the lowest in the GnRH agonist group,and those of Meis1 and Cdh1 were lower in the GnRH analog groups than the HMG group.There were positive correlations between the expression of Hoxa11 and Ctnnb1,as well as the expression of Meis1 and Cdh1 among all the groups.In conclusion,the COH protocols,particularly with GnRH analogs,suppressed Hoxa11,Meis1,Ctnnb1 and Cdh1 expression,in mouse endometrium during the peri-implantation period.Our data reveal a novel molecular mechanism by which the COH protocols might impair endometrial receptivity.     

ADAMTS-1在排卵过程中的作用与调控

ADAMTS-1是一个新发现的金属蛋白酶ADAMTS（adisintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif）家族的一员。排卵时ADAMTS-1在卵巢颗粒细胞层的转录活性明显增强，并且其转录活性的增强依赖于黄体生成素（1uteinizing hormone，LH）峰值的出现和孕激素受体（progesterone receptor，PR）的表达，孕激素受体基因敲除小鼠（PRKO小鼠）卵巢局部ADAMTS-1表达显著下降，有明显的排卵障碍，提示：ADAMTS-1是PR的直接下游靶基因，可能是LH和P（PR）作用下诱导排卵的关键蛋白水解酶。     

体外受精-胚胎移植术后宫角妊娠合并宫腔粘连1例病例报告与文献回顾

目的介绍1例行体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)、出现宫角妊娠合并宫腔粘连并成功活产的病例。方法对本院1例重度宫腔粘连分解术后行IVF-ET病例发生宫角妊娠合并宫腔粘连的临床资料进行分析,并对相关文献进行系统性回顾。结果该病例于孕36+3周行子宫下段剖宫产术,成功活产一男婴。结论宫角妊娠是可能危及生命的妇产科急症,但对于妊娠困难的患者,严密监测及期待治疗可获得良好的妊娠结局。     

足月妊娠伴自发性卵巢过度刺激综合征1例

目的:报道1例自然妊娠合并自发性卵巢过度刺激综合征(sOHSS)病例。方法:回顾性分析我院1例自然妊娠合并sOHSS患者的临床资料,并复习相关文献。结果:该患者于孕39周行子宫下段剖宫产术,同时行双侧卵巢楔形切除术+双侧卵巢打孔术。术中快速病理检查及术后常规病理检查结果示双侧卵巢黄素化囊肿。术后患者双侧卵巢迅速恢复正常。最终诊断为妊娠合并sOHSS。结论:妇产科医生需对sOHSS有充分的认识,需与卵巢肿瘤性疾病进行鉴别,以免因误诊而采取不适当的治疗。     

表皮生长因子卵丘细胞对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

目的：探讨表皮生长因子（EGF）、卵丘细胞人类生殖泡（germinal vesicle ,GV)期不成熟卵母细胞体外成熟的影响，方法：将EGF和促性激素（gonadotropin,Gn）联合应用于不成熟卵母细胞的体外培养，并同单纯应用Gn相对照观察EGF的影响。同时将卵母细胞分为卵丘卵母细胞复合物（CEO组）及裸卵（DO组）进行培养，了解卵丘细胞在体外培养中的作用。结果：EGF可以提高DO组的MⅡ期率（P＜0．01），对于CEO组应用EGF后可以促进胞质的成熟，提高受精能力（P＜0．05）。关于卵丘细胞的作用，CEO组的MⅡ期率为68．8％，明显高于DO组的46．7％（P＜0．01），CEO组的卵裂率为72．7％，高于DO组的35．7％（P＜0．05）。结论：EGF可以直接促进不成熟裸卵体外成熟，提高其MⅡ期率，与Gn联合应用后可进一步促进卵丘卵母细胞复合物胞质的成熟，提高受精率，保留卵丘细胞利于卵母细胞质的发育，提高不成熟卵母细胞的体外成熟能力，使MⅡ期率，卵裂率升高。     

The Effects of Murine Cytomegalovirus on the Maturation, Fertilization, Cleavage and Blastula Formation of Mouse Oocytes In Vitro

To study the effects of mouse cytomegalovirus （MCMV） on the in vitro maturation, fertilization, cleavage and blastula formation of mouse oocytes, the immature oocytes were infected in vitro by MCMVs of different dosages （100 TCID50, 10 TCID50 and 1 TCID50）. The oocytes were then observed for in vitro maturation, fertilization, cleavage and blastula formation and the ultrastructural changes after the culture with the viruses. Our results showed that no significant differences were found in IVM, IVF, cleavage and blastula formation among the groups treated with of virus of various dosages. And ultrastructural abnormality was observed in the oocytes treated by 100 TCID50 of viruses. It is concluded that MCMV did not have any conspicuous effects on IVM, IVF, cleavage and blastula formation of murine immature oocytes.     

输卵管积水及其积水处理对体外受精及胚胎移植的影响

目的探讨输卵管积水以及因输卵管积水不孕腹腔镜下处理输卵管对体外授精-胚胎移植(in votro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)结局的影响。方法 2006年3月至2009年3月于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院生殖中心,选择双侧输卵管切除或离断术后行IVF-ET77例为积水处理组,同期年龄匹配的双侧输卵管积水未处理直接行IVF-ET78例为积水组,双侧输卵管近端梗阻且无积水,直接行IVF-ET80例为近端梗阻组。结果 (1)三组患者的年龄、不孕年限等一般临床指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)积水组的新鲜妊娠率和活产分娩率明显比积水处理组以及近端梗阻组低(P<0.05),异位妊娠率却大大增高(P<0.05)。(3)积水处理组内处理输卵管前后行IVF-ET,各相关指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但积水处理后妊娠率明显提高。结论输卵管积水降低了IVF-ET的新鲜妊娠率和活产分娩率,并且增加了异位妊娠的发生,而IVF-ET前处理输卵管积水并未影响卵巢功能,同时可能提高妊娠率、减少不良妊娠结局。     

冻融胚胎复苏后移植时间对妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨冻融胚胎移植周期优质胚胎体外培养时间对妊娠结局的影响。方法:以复苏后优质胚胎为研究对象,对416例接受冻融胚胎移植周期(FET)的患者进行回顾性分析。其中188例复苏后2～3 h移植(D3-ET)为对照组,228例复苏后24 h移植(D4-ET)为实验组。结果:实验组的临床妊娠率(49.56%,113/228)高于对照组的临床妊娠率(39.89%,75/188),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组的着床率(30.92%,141/456)明显高于对照组的着床率(23.94%,90/376),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组的流产率(3.95%,9/228)低于对照组(5.32%,10/188),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:复苏后延长体外培养时间可以更好地观察胚胎的发育潜能、改善妊娠结局。     

多囊卵巢综合征不孕妇女助孕时机与助孕方式选择

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)是最常见的导致排卵障碍性不孕症的原因。对于PCOS患者,助孕方法有很多种,主要包括：改变生活方式、胰岛素增敏剂、选择性雌激素受体拮抗剂、芳香化酶抑制剂、促性腺激素、腹腔镜卵巢打孔以及辅助生殖技术等。这些方法的作用机制、适用范围各不相同,各有优缺点。该文就多囊卵巢综合征不孕妇女助孕时机与助孕方式选择做一阐述。