武汉市中专生毒品滥用及其相关知识、态度调查

目的 了解武汉市中专生的毒品滥用情况、对毒品的认知和态度及影响学生滥用毒品的危险因素,为在中专学校开展禁毒教育提供依据.方法 自拟调查问卷,按判断抽样方法,对武汉市5所不同性质的中专学校一年级学生进行问卷调查.结果 在685例有效问卷中,毒品滥用率为2.77%,其中男生5.10%,女生1.80%,男女生差别有统计学意义.在过去滥用毒品的种类中,滥用摇头丸和K粉比例最高,为1.1%,其次为海洛因和可卡因,为0.6%.学生对毒品的成瘾性及毒品对身心的危害等知识存在较多误区.结论 中专生毒品滥用率较高,对毒品的基本知识了解不够,武汉市中专生滥用毒品问题值得关注,非法药物滥用的预防知识有待普及.     

Accurate assessment of HER2 gene status for invasive component of breast cancer by combination of immunohistochemistry and chromogenic In Situ hybridization

The specimens of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with early invasion, and specimens collected by core needle biopsy (CNB) tend to contain limited amount of invasive component, so it is imperative to explore a new technique which can assess HER2 gene status accurately for the limited invasive cancer component in these specimens. Dual staining technique of combining immunohistochemistry (IHC) for myoepithelial cells and single or dual probe chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) for HER2 gene was performed on routinely processed paraffin sections from 20 cases diagnosed as having DCIS with invasive cancer. Among them, 10 had fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-confirmed amplification of HER2 and 10 had FISH-confirmed non-amplification of HER2. We successfully detected HER2 genetic signals and myoepithelial IHC markers (SMM-HC or CK5/6) simultaneously on a single section in all 20 specimens. Myoepithelial markers and HER2 signals detected by dual staining assay were consistent with those by individual technique performed alone. HER2 gene amplification results determined by dual staining assay were 100% consistent with those of FISH. Dual staining technique which allows simultaneous detection of myoepithelial marker protein and cancerous HER2 gene is feasible, and it has potential to be used in clinical practice for effective determination of HER2 amplification in limited invasive component.