重庆市渝中区0~6岁儿童伤害及家长知信行调查

目的 了解重庆市渝中区儿童伤害发生的特点和流行规律,以及家长对伤害相关的知信行情况。方法采用回顾性问卷调查案例收集方法,调查重庆市渝中区2个社区散居儿童及2家幼儿园2013年内托幼儿童伤害发生的情况和家长知信行情况。由专人统一整理、编码所收集的资料,采用EpiData软件进行数据录入和审核。采用SPSS 13.0统计软件,计量资料采用成组设计的t检验,计数资料采用行×列表x~2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 对807名学龄前儿童家长进行问卷调查。被调查儿童中共有84人(10.41%)在2013年内发生意外伤害事件,其中男孩49例(58.33%),女孩35例(41.67%),男孩伤害发生率略高于女生(x~2=0.357、P>0.05);意外伤害发生原因居于前3位的分别为跌伤(77.38%)、动物伤(7.14%)、他伤(7.14%);伤害损伤部位主要是头面部(65.48%),其次是上肢(22.62%);家长意外伤害防治知识问答平均得分为(7.54±1.66)分;34.32%的家长很担心孩子发生伤害事故。结论 相关部门应针对儿童意外伤害发生情况采取有重点的各类干预措施,降低其伤害程度;建立伤害监测系统,开展健康教育,加强多部门合作,减少环境隐患和危险因素。     

外用左氧氟沙星单疗治愈绿甲综合征一例

患者，男，63岁。双手拇指甲板变绿半年。细菌培养结果为铜绿假单胞菌，根据药敏试验给予患者左氧氟沙星外用，治疗3个月痊愈。     

皮肤偶发分枝杆菌感染二例并文献分析

偶发分枝杆菌是一种广泛存在于自然环境的条件致病菌，具有一定的耐药性，常规抗生素治疗效果不佳。现报道皮肤偶发分枝杆菌感染2例，均经过病理及qPCR确诊，应用利福平、克拉霉素治疗4个月后皮损明显消退。本文还对既往报道的466例偶发分枝杆菌感染病例的临床特征进行分析，总结归纳偶发分枝杆菌感染的诊断和治疗特点。     

重庆市渝中区健康教育对降低０～６岁 儿童意外伤害干预效果评价

摘要：目的　发现学龄前儿童意外伤害的发生类型及危险因素,评价意外伤害综合干预的效果,提高伤害
对象的防护意识,降低儿童伤害的发生。方法　２０１３年１０月至２０１５年１月,在重庆市渝中区以散居儿童
和学龄前儿童的家长为干预对象,监测意外伤害发生情况,对干预前后的散居儿童及学龄前儿童伤害的发
生率进行比较,并对干预效果进行评价。采用ＳＰＳＳ１６．０软件进行统计分析,计量资料采用成组资料的狋检
验,计数资料采用χ
２ 检验,犘＜０．０５为差异有统计学意义。结果　干预组伤害发生率由干预前１２．８３％ 降
至干预后１０．１０％,差异无统计学意义（χ
２＝１．５１３,犘＝０．２１９）;对照组伤害率由干预前７．７７％ 上升至干
预后１２．８３％,差异有统计学意义（χ
２ ＝５．２８５,犘＝０．０２２）。干预１ 年后, 干预组伤害防治知识得分
（８．４２±０．９１）分,对照组（７．３５±１．６９）分,差异有统计学意义（狋＝１１．０４８,犘＜０．０１）。结论　健康教
育对降低学龄前儿童意外伤害有效。
关键词：儿童;意外伤害;健康教育
中图分类号：Ｒ１７９　　文献标识码：Ａ　　文章编号：１００９ ６６３９ （２０１６）０８ ０５６９ ０５     

影响重庆市海洛因成瘾者美沙酮维持治疗保持和脱失因素研究

目的:了解影响重庆市海洛因成瘾者社区美沙酮维持治疗保持和脱失的主要因素。方法:于2008年8月-2009年1月,调查重庆市社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊点参加美沙酮维持治疗的成瘾者300例,分析其社会人口学、药物滥用情况、美沙酮维持治疗情况,比较脱失者与维持者之间的差异。结果:研究对象在文化程度、吸毒年限、参加社区美沙酮维持治疗的时间和与毒友来往程度等方面对维持治疗保持和脱失有影响(P<0.05)。结论:针对影响美沙酮维持治疗的主要因素对参与治疗者开展相应的干预服务,以提高维持治疗的保持率。     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

目的 了解重庆市抽样地区人群尿碘水平,探讨其影响因素.方法 选择重庆市渝东地区的云阳县和渝西地区的璧山县为调查县,采用多级整群随机抽样方法,在两县经济状况为中等的一类乡镇中,各抽取3所乡镇小学,在每所小学选择8～10岁儿童30名作为调查对象,检测其尿碘、家庭食用盐含碘量,采集当地居民饮用水水样,检测含碘量.结果 共检测儿童尿样571份,云阳县和璧山县总的尿碘中位数为261.47μg/L,尿碘<100μg/L和>300μg/L的比例分别为5.78%(33/571)和37.48%(214/571);云阳县儿童尿碘中位数(278.64μg/L)高于璧山县(240.6μg/L),二者比较差异有统计学意义(H=7.42,P<0.01).检测家庭食用盐556份,碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.64%(554/556)、94.22%(522/554)、93.88%(522/556).检测居民饮用水87份,两县水碘均值分别为8.81、2.97μg/L.结论 云阳县、璧山县均为缺碘地区,人群尿碘水平达到消除碘缺乏病的标准.但在长期食用现行加碘量食盐的情况下,调查地区儿童尿碘水平有偏高的趋势,可考虑适当调整食盐含碘量.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.