A randomized study on the effect of modified behavioral activation treatment for depressive symptoms in rural left-behind elderly

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified behavioral activation treatment (MBAT) intervention on reducing depressive symptoms in rural left-behind elderly.

Method: This is a randomized study registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-IOR-17011289). Eighty rural left-behind elderly people who had a Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score between 11 and 25 were randomly assigned to the intervention (n?=?40) and control group (n?=?40). The intervention group received both MBAT and regular treatment for 8 weeks while the control group received regular treatment. Both groups were assessed with the GDS, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 3 months post-intervention.

Results: There were a total of 73 participants that completed the intervention. The scores of GDS and BAI decreased significantly, but the scores of OHQ increased significantly in the intervention group after 8 sessions of MBAT (P?<?.01). The reduction in depression symptoms after the intervention was maintained at the 3-month follow-up. Significant differences in GDS, BAI, and OHQ scores were observed between the intervention group and the control group (P?<?.01).

Conclusion: MBAT produced a significantly greater reduction in depressive symptoms than regular care in rural left-behind elderly.

Clinical or methodological significance of this article: A modified behavioral activation (BA) psychotherapy can significantly reduce the recurrence and seriousness of depression symptoms in the left-behind elderly with mild to moderate depression. This study also suggests that further study of the MBAT as an intervention will provide a direction for the management of mental health in rural left-behind elders.     

白术、枳实、玫瑰花挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的制备工艺研究

目的确定白术、枳实、玫瑰花挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的最佳包合工艺。方法采用正交试验法,对挥发油与β-环糊精的包合进行3因素3水平考察。结果挥发油与β-CD投料比为1:9,β-CD与加水量的比为9:100倍,包合时间为4h,包合率为85.3%。结论用此法得到的挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的包合率较高,包合物性质稳定,而且包合操作简单。     

一氧化氮含量在急性脑梗死不同时期变化的临床意义

目的和方法为探讨急性脑梗死不同时期一氧化氮（NO）含量变化的临床意义，送检42例急性脑梗死患者不同时期的血清，采用Green改良法检测NO和以邻苯三酚自氧化法检测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量，并配有30例正常对照。结果结果表明：脑梗死早期NO、SOD含量显著降低；急性期NO含量增高，并超过正常对照，而SOD含量进一步下降；脑梗死稳定期后，NO含量有所下降，接近正常水平，SOD含量增高，但仍低于正常。结论据上述结果提示，NO在急性脑梗死不同时期具有细胞毒性和组织保护双重作用，为临床寻求一种急性脑梗死的可能有效治疗方法提供了理论依据。     

A mathematical model of volatile release in mouth from the dispersion of gelled emulsion particles.

This paper presents a mathematical model of in-mouth volatile release from gelled emulsion particles dispersed in a continuous aqueous phase. Data based on APCI MS-Breath analysis is presented to demonstrate the effect of particle size, oil content and oil-water partition coefficients. It is shown that in-mouth release of aroma from the dispersion of gelled emulsion particles follows a two-component kinetic equation with fast and slow components. Both the fast and slow rate constants depend on the particle size, oil content and oil water partition coefficient of the aroma. The relative amount of aroma contributing to the fast and slow components also depends on the size of the particles. In order to understand this unexpected behaviour, an analytical model was developed that considers the interplay between the mass transfer of flavour across the interface of the particles and that across the air-liquid interface. Analytical expressions for the two rate constants and the relative ratio of aroma contributing to the fast component have been derived. From this model, three regimes of in-mouth release of aroma from the dispersion of gelled emulsion particles were identified including, the emulsion regime, the transition regime and the gel particle regime. In the emulsion regime, changes in the size of gelled emulsion particles had negligible impact on the overall release. In the transition regime, the release was controlled by the interaction of flavour transfer from the particles with that across the air-water interface. In the gel particle regime, aroma release at long times was governed by the particles and that at short times was governed by the air-water interface, and the two processes were fully decoupled. A simple relationship was derived for the critical size above which the release of aroma from the dispersion of gelled emulsion particles is affected by the size of the particles.     

Role of interleukin 6 in the growth of myeloma-derived cell lines.

The role of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the growth of five multiple myeloma-derived cell lines was characterized. The U266 and RPMI 8226 cell lines demonstrated increased DNA synthesis when cultured with exogenous IL-6, expressed IL-6 cell surface receptors (IL-6Rs) and expressed mRNA for IL-6R. However, these cells did not secrete detectable IL-6 protein, and a neutralizing antibody to IL-6 did not inhibit their growth. Three other myeloma-derived cell lines ARH-77, IM-9 and HS-Sultan did not respond to exogenous IL-6, secrete IL-6 or express cell surface IL-6Rs. The IL-6 responsive cell lines bore late B-cell surface antigens (Ags), CD38 and PCA-1, whereas those lines which were non-IL-6 responsive strongly expressed B1 (CD20) and B4 (CD19) Ags, representing earlier stages in B-cell differentiation. Finally, the two IL-6 responsive cell lines did not express Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins; in contrast, EBV encoded proteins typically expressed during latency could be detected in the three non-IL-6 responsive lines, confirming infection with virus. These studies clarify the heterogeneity observed in the myeloma cell line phenotype and biology and suggest that the U266 and RPMI 8226 cell lines, which express IL-6 cell surface receptors and are IL-6 responsive, may be useful for further study of IL-6 signal transduction in and related IL-6 mediated growth of myeloma in vivo. In contrast, those cell lines which are IL-6-independent provide a model for further study of EBV transformation and IL-6-dependent growth mechanisms in malignancy.     

A recognition site on synthetic helical oligonucleotides for monoclonal anti-native DNA autoantibody.

The binding site in native DNA for a murine monoclonal anti-DNA autoantibody was investigated by measurements of competitive binding of a series of synthetic helical oligonucleotides. The antibody bound to a (dG-dC)3 or (dG-dC)4 core in the center of a base-paired octadecanucleotide. Reactions of analogues containing modifications or substitutions at specific sites indicated that the antibody bound to portions of cytosine and guanine in the major groove, a limited region of the backbone, and the 2-amino group of one guanine in the minor groove. For these interactions to occur, the antibody combining site would straddle the backbone of one of the helical strands of DNA.     

Whole CanA Gene Amplification of Helicobacter pylori and Its Fingerprinting by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

To set up a method of amplification for the whole CagA gene of Helicobacter pylori and its fingerprinting by restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP),nested PCR was employed in combination with TD-PCR to amplify the gene and EcoRI and Hind Ⅲ were used to generate the RFLP fingerprinting.Target DNA fragments from 13 of 20 samples were successfully amplified and the relevant RFLP fingerprintings were obtained.It is concluded that the method can be used to amplify the whole CagA gene and CagA gene has apparent diversity of RFLP profile.     

产后抑郁症相关因素调查研究

目的探讨产后抑郁症的相关因素.方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对长沙市4所医院300例产后6周复查的初产妇进行Edinburgh产后抑郁量表与自编问卷调查.结果产后抑郁症的发生率为17.3%;产妇年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度与产后抑郁症无关(均P＞0.05),分娩疼痛承受力、分娩方式、新生儿性别、母婴同室、母乳喂养为产后抑郁症的影响因素(P＜0.05、P＜0.01),且分娩方式是产后抑郁症的危险因素,分娩疼痛承受力与母婴同室是保护因素.结论产后抑郁症发生率较高,其影响因素应引起产科工作人员的重视.     

关于口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验效果的分析

采用比较研究的方法进行了口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验，旨在观察比较网络教学环境、多媒体课件演示以及传统教师讲授等多种教学方式的教学效果，分析传统教学与网络教学模式下的教学环节、教学效果以及存在问题，对课件进行总体评价，对影响因素进行分析，对多媒体及网络教学模式作一初步的实践和探索。