经络艾灸防治乳腺癌根治术后患侧上肢水肿的效果评价

目的观察循经艾灸预防乳腺癌患者根治术后上肢水肿的效果。方法采用便利抽样法选取乳腺外科乳腺癌根治术的患者150例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组75例。对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上在手术侧上肢循经艾灸。于术前1 d、术后第14天和术后1个月,测量两组患者患侧上肢水肿程度。结果观察组术后患侧上肢水肿发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论术后循经艾灸可有效预防乳腺癌根治术后患侧上肢水肿,提高患者舒适度。     

宫颈癌顺铂耐药研究进展

顺铂（DDP）作为第一个被发现的金属抗癌药物，是目前最有潜力和应用最广泛的抗肿瘤药物。顺铂在宫颈癌的治疗中尤为重要，目前已被推荐为同步放化疗的首选药物。但随着广泛的使用，顺铂的耐药性逐渐显露出来，并成为限制临床疗效和部分患者肿瘤治疗进展的主要原因之一。顺铂的耐药机制复杂，发生环节较多，但具体耐药机制尚不明确，目前按照顺铂耐药发生的环节可分为:①顺铂在血液循环过程中产生耐药；②顺铂通过细胞膜的流入或流出产生耐药；③顺铂在胞质中产生耐药；④顺铂与DNA结合后产生耐药。本文综述了宫颈癌顺铂耐药可能发生的四个环节及克服耐药常用的手段，为提高顺铂对宫颈癌的疗效提供依据。     

DA→LEW大鼠肝脏急性排斥反应模型的技术改进与评价

目的:建立大鼠肝脏移植急性排斥反应模型并改进其手术技巧,对所建模型进行评价。方法:采用近交系雄性DA大鼠60只,Lewis大鼠120只,分为两组,其中A组30例:Lewis大鼠为供体(n=30),Lewis大鼠为受体;B组60例:DA大鼠为供体(n=60),Lewis大鼠为受体。采用改良“二袖套”法建立肝脏移植模型,观察手术成功率、平均存活时间、术后第1、3、5、7和10 d各时相点血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)水平以及移植肝脏的病理学变化。结果:手术成功率为93.3%(84/90);总耗时(90.0±15.0)min;无肝期时间(14.2±2.6)min;平均存活时间A组超过100d,B组(16.2±1.4)d;术后第5 d B组血清ALT和TBIL升高,与A组比较差异非常显著(P<0.01);B组移植肝脏病理检查有明显的排斥反应,而A组没有。结论:DA→LEW(Lewis)大鼠的品系组合是稳定的肝脏移植急性排斥反应模型;通过改进手术技巧提高了手术成功率,为进一步研究提供技术保障。     

社区人群糖尿病知识知晓率的描述性及分析性研究

目的了解社区人群对糖尿病知识知晓情况,为城镇居民进行糖尿病干预研究提供依据.方法对广州市荔湾区25岁以上常住居民进行随机抽样问卷,对资料作描述性和分析性研究.结果糖尿病知识知晓情况在年龄、性别、文化程度、糖尿病家族史、糖尿病患病史分布上有显著性差异.多因素分析显示:性别、年龄、文化程度、糖尿病家族史、糖尿病患病史、体力劳动强度、脑力劳动强度、收缩压与糖尿病知识知晓率密切相关,其比值比分别为1.239,0.990,1.223,2.752,1.897,1.373,0.916,0.884和0.996.结论该地区人群的糖尿病知识知晓率较低,要广泛开展全民特别是老年人、男性和文化程度较低人群的糖尿病知识宣传教育.     

Effect of nuclear factor-κB p65 ASOND on I typ collagen expression and rat hepatic stellate cells proliferation

Objective Sstudy effect of nuclear factor-κB ASOND on I type collagen expression and rat hepatic stellate cells(HSC)proliferation.Methods Rat HSCs were separated by affusing and digestingof Ⅳ type collagenenzyme and density acentric method.Lipid-mediated NF-κB p65 ASOND(0.001,0.01,0.1,1μmol/L)Was transferred into rat HSCs.Toxicity of HSCs caused by NF-κB p65 ASOND and activity of LDH were determined by trypan blue staining.Proliferation affection of transferring NF-κB p65 ASOND into HSCs was determined by MTT.In different concentration NF-κB p65 ASOND.expression of Ⅰ type collagen stimulated by 1mg/L TNF-αwas determined by RT-PCR and ELISA.Results After transfection of NF-κB p65 ASODN,expression of NF-κB protein in HSCs was decreasing.Toxicity experiment indicated that NF-κB p65 ASOND of different concentration(0.001,0.01,0.1 and 1.0 μmol/L)had no effect on HSCs livability and LDH activity(P<0.05).Four different concentration NF-κ B p65 ASOND could restrain HSCs proliferation stimulated by 1 mg/L TNF-α.The expression of I type collagen and mRNA stimulated by 1mg/LTNF-αwas increased,and had a positive correlation with concentration(P>0.05).Conclusion NF-κB p65 ASOND may depress NF-κB activity to restrain HSCs proliferation and Ⅰ type collagen expression,and reduce extracellular matrix.     

Paediatric dacryocystorhinostomy

Of 258 cases of dacryocystorhinostomy performed on children in the period September 1981 to September 1991, 130 were for simple, unresolved congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Other indications for surgery included punctal agenesis, lacrimal fistula, post-traumatic and post-inflammatory canalicular obstruction. Of 177 children without canalicular pathology, 171 (96%) were relieved of symptoms with one operation, without canalicular intubation. Of 81 cases with canalicular disease, 55 of 70 (79%) who underwent DCR plus canalicular intubation, and 10 of 11 who underwent DCR plus Lester-Jones tube, were substantially improved with one operation. No child required peroperative or postoperative blood transfusion. Dacryocystorhinostomy in childhood, in experienced surgical hands, is a safe procedure, achieving relief of symptoms in most cases, particularly in the absence of canalicular disease.     

脾切除贲门周围血管离断术后肝脏血流动力学和储备功能的变化

Objective To observe changes of hepatic hemodynamics and hepatic functional reserve after splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascularization. Methods From July 2006 to August 2007, thirty patients with portal hypertension caused by hepatitis B cirrhosis underwent splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascuiarization. The PVPG (portal venous pressure gradient) was measured by inductor continually during operation. The HAF (hepatic artery flow), PVF (portal venours flow) and hepatic arterial RI(resistant index) were measured with Doppler sonography. The EHBF(effective hepatic blood flow) and ICGR15 (indocyaninegreen retention rate at 15 minutes) were obtained respectively by indocyaninegreen clearance test before and after the operation. Results PVPG after laparotomy (19±4) mm Hg, ligating the splenic artery(14±4) mm Hg, splenectomy(14±3)mm Hg and periesophagogastric devascularization (12±4) mm Hg showed a tendency to decrease progressively. The PVF decreased [from (42±14) ml/s to (16±8) ml/s] and HAF increased in compensation after operation. The EHBF increased [from (0.48±0.10) L/min to (0.56±0.10) L/min], and the ICGR15 decreased (from 23%±8% to 18%±4%) postoperatively. Conclusion After splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascularization, the hepatic functional reserve improves at least in a short term notwithstanding the decrease of PVPG and PVF.     

超声引导下注射皮质类固醇治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎

目的 探讨超声引导下注射皮质类固醇治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的方法及效果。方法 38例狭窄性腱鞘炎患者,按药物注射方法的不同随机分成2组。治疗组(21例)在10-MHz超声引导下向腱鞘内腱周间隙内穿刺注射醋酸强的松龙0.6 ml,对照组(17例)采用闭合穿刺法注射等量药物。注射前及随访时(注射后3周)测定疼痛强度视觉类比评分(Visual analogue score,VAS)。结果 随访时疼痛消失率治疗组为81％、对照组为53％,VAS下降值治疗组为[(6.8±1.9)x±s,下同]对照组为(5.1±3.0)。结论超声引导下将针尖穿刺于腱鞘内腱周间隙的操作简单、准确并可实时观察药物的分布,是治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的较好方法。     

全反式维甲酸治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病期间D-二聚体测定的临床意义

目的　探讨在全反式维甲酸 (ATRA)治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (APL)前后弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC)发生率与D 二聚体含量的关系及意义。方法　应用ELISA法检测 30例APL患者 (包括 12例合并DIC患者 )发病时及应用ATRA治疗后D 二聚体水平的变化 ,并与正常对照组比较。结果　 30例APL患者治疗前血浆D 二聚体水平 (2 .38± 0 .98mg/L)较正常对照组 (0 .2 5± 0 .0 9mg/L)明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,其中 12例并发DIC者(2 .5 2± 0 .12mg/L)明显高于 18例不并发DIC者 (2 .18± 0 .96mg/L)。结论　APL患者D 二聚体检测值随维甲酸治疗逐渐降低 ,并可预测ATRA治疗过程中DIC变化及预后。     

头孢克洛在健康人体内的药物动力学研究

采用ＨＰＬＣ测定健康志愿者血浆中头孢克洛的浓度。方法简便快速，结果准确。平均回收率为１０２．１８±４．０１％，日间及日内ＲＳＤ均小于６％。血药浓度－时间曲线符合一室模型。