护士分层级管理对急性肝炎患者护理满意度的影响

目的分析护士分层级管理的实施对急性肝炎患者护理满意度的影响。方法该院自2018年3月起实施护士分层级管理,以该院10名肝病科护理人员为研究对象,其中2017年3月—2018年2月实施前(对照组)及2018年3月—2019年2月实施后(研究组)的管理效果。结果与对照组比较,研究组患者的病房管理、患者护理、文书书写、基础护理、入院宣教方面的护理质量评分均明显升高(P<0.05);与对照组82.29%的护理总满意率比较,研究组护理总满意率显著升高,达到了97.92%(P<0.05);与对照组工作自我满意度比较,研究组患者的自我价值体现等方面的工作自我满意度评分均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论护士分层级管理策略的实施,有效提高了急性肝炎患者护理满意度,提升了科室护理质量。     

中医体质研究40年回顾与展望

文章回顾中医体质研究40年来在6大理论创新、3大技术创新、4大转化应用、2大学术平台方面取得的辉煌成就。展望未来，中医体质研究将积极策应国家需求，进一步发挥其原创优势、深化理论研究、完善技术方法、加快平台建设、提升服务能力，为实施“健康中国”战略作贡献。     

吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗对三阴乳腺癌细胞转移相关基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)活性的影响

目的：探讨吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗对三阴乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭的影响，并对可能的机制进行初步的探究。方法：将实验分为西妥昔单抗组（150 μg · mL^-1）、吉西他滨联合用药组（西妥昔单抗150 μg · mL^-1，吉西他滨2.8 μg·mL^-1）。通过MTT、Transwell实验检测联合用药对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭能力的影响，Western blotting实验检测合用药对MDA-MB-231细胞MMP-9、TIMP-1、p-IkB、NF-kB-p65表达水平的影响。结果：吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗作用MDA-MB-231细胞后，其生长被不同程度的抑制，抑制率随吉西他滨浓度的增加而增高（P<0.05）；联合用药组MDA-MB-231细胞迁移、侵袭数目明显减少（P<0.05），同时MMP-9、p-IkB、NF-kB-p65的表达含量降低，TIMP-1表达含量增加。结论：吉西他滨联合西妥昔单抗对三阴乳腺癌细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移具有抑制作用，并明显抑制MMP-9的表达，其机制可能是通过抑制NF-kB通路实现。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

海水浸泡爆炸伤延期植皮最佳时机的研究

目的确定海水浸泡爆炸伤延期植皮的最佳时机。方法建立海水浸泡爆炸伤动物模型后，分别于0、3、7、14d切取创面组织作病理切片，镜下观察创面受床的病理改变；同期对创区实施植皮术，通过计算机全自动图像分析系统准确计算出各组的皮片成活率。结果分别于伤后0、3、7、14d，对皮肤缺损区施行植皮术，发现不同时机植皮成活率不同，伤后7d对海水浸泡爆炸伤皮肤缺损区植皮，皮片成活率最高。结论海水浸泡爆炸伤延期7d后植皮是对创面实施植皮术的最佳时机。     

五加科五加属植物的研究进展

五加科五加属植物为重要的药用植物,具有较高的药用价值,近年来越来越受到广泛关注。综述了五加属植物资源分布、生物学特性、化学成分和药理活性的研究进展。化学成分主要有挥发油、萜类、木脂素等,其中三萜包括羽扇豆烷(Lupane)型、3,4-seco-羽扇豆烷型、齐墩果烷(Oleanane)型的3β-Hydroxy齐墩果烷型和3α-Hydroxy齐墩果烷型;药理作用包括抗炎、抗应激、抗心律失常、抗血小板聚集、对免疫系统的影响、对物质代谢的影响等,以期为今后对该属植物进一步研究和开发利用提供参考。     

Fas/FasL在各阶段婴幼儿血管瘤中的表达及意义

目的 检测Fas／FasL在各阶段婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达，探讨Fas／FasL在婴幼儿血管瘤细胞凋亡中的作用。方法 应用EnVision法免疫组化染色和RT-PCR检测Fas／FasL蛋白及mRNA在各阶段血管瘤组织中的表达。结果 ①增生早期和增生中期，部分血管瘤细胞表达Fas；增生晚期，阳性细胞明显增多，Fas mRNA表达最强；消退早期，仍有少量微血管内皮细胞表达Fas，之后Fas表达迅速减弱。②最早期细胞团中没有FasL（＋）细胞；增生中期，血管瘤组织中出现少量FasL（＋）细胞；增生晚期FasL（＋）细胞显著增多，FasL mRNA表达最强；消退早期之后，FasL（＋）细胞迅速减少以至消失。结论 Fas／FasL与婴幼儿血管瘤演变过程有密切联系，Fas／FasL介导的血管瘤细胞凋亡可能是婴幼儿血管瘤自行消退的重要原因。     

P27kipl 在胃癌与癌旁粘膜中的表达及意义

目的：探讨P27kipl在胃癌及癌旁粘膜中的表达情况及其意义。方法：应用免疫组化技术（S－P法）检测了P27kipl在75例胃癌及癌旁粘膜中的表达，结果：P27kipl在胃癌中的阳性表达率为45．3％，在癌旁粘膜中随着不典型增生级数增高其表达强度明显减弱。P27kipl的表达与胃癌的浸润深度（P＜0．05），淋巴结转移（P＜0．05）、分化程度（P＜0．05）及临床病理分期（P＜0．05）显相关，而与肿瘤大小、部位无关。结论P27kipl有癌中的低表达反映了其恶性进展，是一个有价值的预后因子。     

人肿瘤特异抗原MAGE-3基因疫苗的构建和表达

目的：克隆肿瘤特异性共享抗原mage-3基因，制备基于α－病毒复制酶的高效黑色素瘤特异性基因疫苗。方法：用RT-PCR方法从黑色素瘤细胞系LB373中制备mage-3基因，以含α－病毒复制酶的哺乳细胞高效表达质粒pSMART2a为载体，构建重组DNA疫苗。重组子用载体中的T7和T3启动子序列为测序引物进行自动测序。再将鉴定过的重组质粒用脂质体法转化293细胞，用免疫印迹法和免疫组化法鉴定转化细胞中mage-3蛋白的表达。结果：正确构建了mage-3/pSMART2a重组质粒，并且在转化此质粒的293细胞中检测出了mage-3蛋白的表达。结论：此重组mage-3/pSMART2a质粒可以作为肿瘤特异的DNA疫苗，可进行下一步的肿瘤动物模型的疫苗接种及相关免疫学效应研究。