顶空气相色谱法测定硝酸芬替康唑原料药中有机溶剂残留量

目的：：建立测定硝酸芬替原料药中二氯甲烷、甲醇和乙醇3种有机溶剂残留量的分析方法。方法：采用毛细管气相色谱法,色谱柱：OV-1301毛细管色谱柱(30 m ×0.53 mm,3.0μm),检测器：FID;检测器温度：250℃;进样器温度：200℃;载气：氮气;顶空进样。结果：在上述色谱条件下,二氯甲烷、甲醇和乙醇分别在2.436~21.924μg·ml-1(r=0.9988),12.268~110.412μg·ml-1(r=0.9995),20.052~180.468μg·ml-1(r=0.9969)质量浓度范围内线性关系良好。平均回收率分别为99.30%(RSD=2.36%,n=9),100.21%(RSD=1.07%, n=9),100.15%(RSD=1.27%, n=9)。结论：该检测方法灵敏、准确、可靠,可用于硝酸芬替康唑原料药的质量控制。     

Microwave coagulation therapy and drug injection to treat splenic injury

Background

The present study compares the efficacy of 915- and 2450-MHz contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)–guided percutaneous microwave coagulation with that of CEUS-guided thrombin injection for the treatment of trauma-induced spleen hemorrhage.

Materials and methods

In a canine splenic artery hemorrhage model with two levels of arterial diameter (A, <1 mm and B, between 1 and 2 mm), hemostatic therapy was performed using 915- and 2450-MHz microwaves and drug injection. Therapy efficacy was measured by comparing bleeding rate, hemostatic time, bleeding index, bleeding volume, and pathology.

Results

The most efficient technique was CEUS-guided 915-MHz percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy in terms of action time and total blood loss. The success rate of the 915-MHz microwave group was higher than that of the 2450-MHz microwave and the drug injection groups (except A level, P < 0.05). Hemostatic time, bleeding index, and bleeding volume were significantly less in the 915-MHz microwave group than those in the 2450-MHz microwave and drug injection groups (P < 0.05). Obvious degeneration and necrosis of parenchyma and large intravascular thrombosis were observed in the cavity of larger vessels in the 915-MHz microwave group, but pathologic changes of light injury could be seen in the other groups.

Conclusions

The present study provides evidence that microwave coagulation therapy is more efficient than thrombin injection for the treatment of splenic hemorrhage. Furthermore, treatment with 915-MHz microwaves stops bleeding more rapidly and generates a wider cauterization zone than does treatment with 2450-MHz microwaves.     

丹麦ABL330血气分析仪电源故障分析

1故障现象 开机后。屏幕上显示“MAINSTOOLOW”，接着阀门无规则闭合，进样口上方“BUSY”指示灯闪烁。     

人参四物汤对吗啡依赖性小鼠胸腺细胞的作用

目的：观察吗啡对胸腺细胞亚群ＤＮＡ含量和增殖指数的影响及人参四物汤对其调节作用。方法：采用小剂量递增给药建立吗啡成瘾动物模型后,经流式细胞仪分析各组小鼠胸腺ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８亚群细胞ＤＮＡ含量及增殖指数的情况。结果：吗啡成瘾组小鼠ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８亚群细胞Ｓ期、Ｇ２＋Ｍ期和增殖指数显著低于正常组和人参四物汤治疗组动物,而Ｇ０／Ｇ１期（静止期）的ＤＮＡ含量明显增高,提示吗啡使胸腺细胞ＤＮＡ复制受阻导致功能细胞减少。人参四物汤可对抗吗啡的上述作用,促进免疫细胞ＤＮＡ合成、细胞增殖分化。     

血气分析仪检测方法探讨

对血气分析仪检测通道、检测项目及操作方法进行探讨。     

即刻行颞浅动脉逆行置管化疗技术对口腔鳞癌患者术后化疗的疗效观察

目的：对口腔鳞癌患者采用不同化疗给药途径并观察奈达铂（nedaplatin，NDP）和5‐氟尿嘧啶（5‐fluorouracil，5‐Fu）的疗效和不良反应。方法将64例口腔鳞癌患者分为术后普通静脉化疗组（IV组，32例）和术中即刻行颞浅动脉逆行置管化疗组（IA组，32例），两组化疗方案都为DNP和5‐Fu，其中IA组剂量为IV组的1／3，观察疗效和不良反应。结果IA组疗效优于IV组（P＜0．05），同时IA组在骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应及口腔黏膜炎等化疗后并发症较IV组轻，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论术中IA疗效明显，不良反应轻且安全，适合临床推广。     

用腹膜平衡试验等三项指标制定腹膜透析治疗方案

用腹膜平衡试验（ＰＥＴ）、尿素清除指数（ＫＴ／Ｖ）及蛋白分解率（ＰＣＲ）作为指标，制定合理的腹膜透析治疗方案。方法根据ＰＥＴ、ＫＴ／Ｖ、ＰＣＲ、白蛋白（Ａｌｂ）及临床疗效对３４例腹透患者进行综合分析，制定个体化、充分、合理的腹透方案。结果对高转运ＫＴ／Ｖ＞１．７且营养状态好（ＰＣＲ＞１．０ｇ·ｋｇ－１／ｄ、Ａｌｂ＞４０ｇ／Ｌ）者继续ＣＡＰＤ治疗；高转运ＫＴ／Ｖ＞１．７但营养不良（ＰＣＲ＜１．０ｇ·ｋｇ－１／ｄ、Ａｌｂ＜３０ｇ／Ｌ）者，应补充高营养，可使康复。如为低于平均转运ＫＴ／Ｖ＜１．５，且有严重营养不良，补充高营养并增加透析剂量仍无效者应改作血液透析。结论按ＰＥＴ、ＫＴ／Ｖ及ＰＣＲ指标，可制订合理透析方案，提高患者生存质量     

急性心肌梗死“墓碑样”ST段改变的临床意义

目的：探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）时,"墓碑样"ST段改变的临床意义和预后。方法：48例AMI患者,根据ST段形态分为墓碑样组（n=11）和对照组（n=37）。比较两组间ST段上抬高度、ST段抬高导联数、CK峰值、QT离散度、心脏严重并发症例数和死亡率以及广泛心肌梗死（ST段抬高导联数＞5个）的发生例数。结果：除广泛心肌梗死的例数二组之间比较无差异（P＞0.05）外,墓碑样组均大于对照组,差异显著（P＜0.05）。墓碑样组室性心律失常的发生率和由此引起的死亡数亦大于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：有"墓碑样"ST段改变者预后较差,与心肌梗死范围相比,心肌缺血损伤程度较重可能是其预后不良的更重要原因。     

Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction modulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in diabetic rats

Aim of the study

Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction (HLJDD), a well-known Chinese herbal formula, has been used for diabetic treatment. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether HLJDD affected glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 (7–36) amide level in diabetic rats.

Materials and methods

Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated with HLJDD at low dose (2 g/kg/day) or high dose (4 g/kg/day). After 5-week treatment, GLP-1 (7–36) amide level and insulin level in portal vein and tissues stimulated by oral glucose load were measured by ELISA kits. The proglucagon gene expression in intestinal tracts and the proliferation of intestinal L cell and pancreatic beta cell were measured using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry techniques, respectively.

Results

It was found that 5-week HLJDD treatment attenuated alteration of glucose level and insulin level in plasma and tissues of diabetic rats induced by STZ, accompanied by improvement of diabetic syndrome. 5-week HLJDD treatment increased GLP-1 (7–36) amide level in portal vein plasma and distal ileum. Further studies showed that 5-week HLJDD treatment increased the mRNA level of proglucagon gene in distal ileum, promoted pancreatic beta cell and intestinal L cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion

All the results indicated that HLJDD exerted its anti-diabetic effects partly via modulating GLP-1 (7–36) amide level.     

帕罗西汀合并柴胡逍遥合剂对抑郁症病人生活质量的影响

目的：评价柴胡逍遥合剂对抑郁症病人生活质量的影响。方法：190例抑郁症病人随机分为帕罗西汀合并柴胡逍遥合剂组（试验组）及帕罗西汀合并安慰剂组（对照组）。柴胡逍遥合剂和安慰剂剂量均为50ml,bid,帕罗西汀片起始剂量及推荐治疗剂量均为20mg/d,最高剂量为40mg/d。分别于治疗前及治疗8周末进行汉密尔顿抑郁等级量表（HAMD）、36条简明健康状况调查表（SF-36）及治疗紧急症状量表（TESS）评定。结果：完成试验的有效病例为182例,试验组89例,对照组93例。与治疗前比较,两组在治疗8周后,HAMD总分、SF-36各维度分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。治疗8周后,试验组HAMD总分显著低于对照组,SF-36三个维度（精力、情感职能及精神健康）分值高于对照组（P〈0.01）。TESS评分及药品不良反应（ADRs）发生率两组无差异（P〉0.05）,两组均有较高的耐受性,多数ADRs为轻、中度。结论：与单用帕罗西汀相比,帕罗西汀合并柴胡逍遥合剂对抑郁症病人生活质量改善更显著,疗效更明显,ADRs发生率与安慰剂组无显著差异。