MK-801对围生期缺氧缺血性损伤后脑细胞线粒体膜电势的影响

目的了解围生期缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)后脑细胞线粒体膜电势(△ψm)的变化及NMDA型谷氨酸受体拮抗剂MK-801对这一变化的影响.方法应用7日龄新生SD大鼠HIBD动物模型,将实验动物分为正常对照组(n=6),HIBD组(n=10)和HIBD+MK-801组(n=10)(MK-801于低氧处理前按0.3mg/kg剂量腹腔注射).于缺氧缺血后立即断头处死动物,制成脑细胞悬液后,以罗丹明123(Rho123)标记、以流式细胞仪测定△ψm的变化.结果围产期HIBD时双侧脑细胞△ψm值均显著降低,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05),以损伤侧(右侧)为甚,右侧脑细胞△ψm由正常状态下的(18.93±0.74)MFL降至损伤后的(7.59±0.32)MFL,右左△ψm比值由正常状态下的1.06±0.05降至损伤后的0.80±0.06(降低了24.5%),差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).结论HIBD后脑细胞△ψm明显降低,提示线粒体功能明显受损;MK-801可减轻这一变化,提示NMDA型谷氨酸受体拮抗剂可通过减轻线粒体功能受损程度治疗围产期缺氧缺血性脑损伤.     

茶色素对冠心病及高血压病病人血小板功能的影响

目的：探索茶色素对冠心病、高血压病病人血小板功能的影响。方法：冠心病病人３６例（男性２１例，女性１５例；年龄６４±ｓ４ａ）；高血压病病人３０例（男性１８例，女性１２例；年龄５８±８ａ）。采用茶色素２５０ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，３０ｄ为一个疗程。结果：治疗后ＴＸＢ２下降，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＰ１α上升，ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α比值下降（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５），ＧＭＰ－１４０下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＰａｇＴ，ＰａｄＴ下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：茶色素具有降低血小板表面活性作用，抑制血小板聚集和粘附，抗血栓形成，改善微循环，对冠心病和高血压病病人起到积极的防治作用。     

外科围手术期糖尿病的治疗

目的:探讨外科手术病人伴发糖尿病的治疗及围手术期处理。方法:对1998年至2000年收治的125例外科手术伴发糖尿病病例进行回顾总结。结果:93例给予补液、降糖等处理无1例死亡。其他32例未进行有效的降糖处理,死亡5例。结论:外科手术病人伴发糖尿病时,围手术期要控制血糖,可以降低手术并发症及死亡率。     

新生SD大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤早期线粒体内膜跨膜电势的变化

【目的】　了解缺氧缺血性脑损伤 (HIBD)早期脑细胞△Ψm的变化。　【方法】　 7日龄新生大鼠随机分为正常对照组 (n =6) ,HIBD组 (n =3 6,分为HIBD后 0、1、2、3、4h时间点组 )。予以右颈总动脉分离结扎后再置8%O2 低氧舱 2 .5h ;断头处死后分离左右大脑半球制成单细胞悬液 ,加入终浓度为 1μmol的罗丹明 12 3于 3 7℃避光孵育 45min后 ,以流式细胞仪测定△Ψm并计算左右大脑半球△Ψm比值。　【结果】　正常P7SD大鼠左、右侧大脑半球脑细胞△Ψm分别为 ( 18.2 1± 1.2 6)MFL和 ( 18.93± 0 .74)MFL ,右∶左比值为 1.0 6。HIBD损伤使双侧大脑半球脑细胞△Ψm降低程度更明显 ,其中HIBD后 0h时△Ψm右∶左比值比正常时降低了 2 4.5 %(P <0 .0 5 )。HIBD后 1～ 3h时间内 ,△Ψm稍有回升。HIBD后 4h时HI损伤侧△Ψm值及右∶左比值均出现第二次降低现象 ,且程度更重 ,其中右 :左比值比正常时降低了 3 4%(P <0 .0 5 )。　【结论】　HIBD早期脑细胞△Ψm出现两次降低 (初次及二次降低 ) ,分别发生在HI损伤 0h和 4h时 ,提示有关改善线粒体功能的治疗尽量在△Ψm出现第二次降低前应用     

Diagnostic value of GDx polarimetry in a Taiwan Chinese population.

PURPOSE: To study the diagnostic ability of scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation (GDx VCC) for early glaucomatous (EG) eyes and glaucoma-suspect (GS) eyes in a Taiwan Chinese population. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study included 82 EG eyes (mean deviation, MD: -3.32 +/- 2.20 dB), 45 GS eyes (MD: -2.43 +/- 2.16 dB), and 62 normal eyes. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of each subject was measured using GDx VCC and Humphrey Field Analyzer visual field testing. Measured GDx VCC parameters were compared among groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AROC) curve of each parameter was used to differentiate normal from EG eyes or GS eyes. The correlation between MD and each parameter was also evaluated. RESULTS: For both normal versus EG and normal versus GS, the largest AROC values were for nerve fiber indicator, superior average thickness, and inferior average thickness. There was no significant correlation between MD and GDx-VCC-measured parameters either in EG or GS eyes. CONCLUSIONS: GDx VCC shows only moderate ability to distinguish normal eyes from eyes with early glaucoma. However, its diagnostic role in eyes with suspicious discs and normal visual fields is uncertain at this moment in the Taiwan Chinese population. Further studies are needed to address this issue.     

Dynamic evaluation of 18F-FDG uptake by microPET and whole-body autoradiography in a fibrosarcoma-bearing mouse model.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Fluorine-18-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) has been used in the clinic as a diagnostic radiotracer for monitoring many kinds of tumors, but its value for monitoring fibrosarcoma is not well established. METHODS: In this study, the uptake of 18F-FDG in a fibrosarcoma-bearing mouse model was evaluated using the high resolution positron emission tomography (PET) system microPET. Tumor cells were implanted in 3 FVB/N mice, and static microPET scanning was performed on day 1, 7, 12 and 15 after implantation. A dynamic microPET image was scanned on day 12 to determine the 18F-FDG uptake in 3 other tumor-bearing mice. Time-activity curves were plotted by drawing regions of interest in the tumor, liver, kidneys and muscles. The mice were sacrificed after dynamic microPET imaging and whole-body autoradiography (WBAR) was performed. For biodistribution study, 9 tumor-bearing mice, 3 per experimental group, were studied at 3 time points and the results were compared with the static microPET images. RESULTS: MicroPET images suggested that 18F-FDG could be used to monitor the growth of tumors 7 days after implantation. Dynamic scans of 18F-FDG uptake reached a plateau in the tumor after 20 minutes on day 12 after implantation. Both microPET and WBAR revealed evidence of tumor necrosis. The results of biodistribution and WBAR agreed with those from microPET images. CONCLUSION: MicroPET was useful for monitoring the growth of fibrosarcoma and determination of the maximal uptake time point of 18F-FDG in tumors in this tumor-bearing mouse model.     

Ovarian stimulation by clomiphene citrate and hMG in combination with cetrorelix acetate for ICSI cycles

BACKGROUND: The introduction of GnRH antagonists such as cetrorelix acetate has made possible the simplification of ovarian stimulation. However, the most effective protocol for their administration has not yet been clearly defined. METHODS: Forty women with male-factor infertility undergoing 40 ICSI cycles were included in the study. Clomiphene citrate at 100 mg a day was given from cycle day 3 through day 7. hMG at 150 IU was given on cycle days 4, 6 and 8, and was adjusted from day 9 according to the follicular and hormone responses. Cetrorelix acetate at 2.5 mg was administered when the leading follicle reached 14 mm. The remaining 0.5 mg was divided into two 0.25 mg injections for possible later use. Serum FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone levels were measured daily from the day of cetrorelix acetate injection until hCG was given. RESULTS: Serum LH level was suppressed effectively for 4 days. Four patients (10%) needed one or two additional injections of 0.25 mg cetrorelix acetate. No premature LH surge was detected in any of the women treated. Sixteen women became pregnant (40%), of which 14 pregnancies (35%) were ongoing at the time of writing. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that this new protocol is feasible for couples with male-factor infertility undergoing ICSI.     

2008年北京市HIV-1耐药株传播调查

目的 了解2008年北京市未经抗病毒治疗HIV-1感染者中耐药株传播水平,为耐药监测和临床抗病毒治疗工作提供本底资料.方法 参照WHO提出的HIV耐药警戒线调查方法(HIV drug resistance threshold survey,HIVDR-TS)指导方案,收集6个月内检测发现的60～70名小于25岁的感染者血浆样本,检测HIV-1 pol区亚型及耐药基因型,并计算耐药株检出率、评价传播水平.结果 61份符合要求的样本共获得50个有效pol区序列.感染途径以同性传播为主,占62%;亚型分布以B(42%)、CRF01_AE(28%)、CRF07_BC(26%)3种为主.出现1例针对PI类药物的耐药突变株,检出率为2%(1/50);出现1例针对NRTI类药物的耐药突变株,检出率为2%(1/50);未出现针对NNRTI类药物的耐药突变株,检出率为0.蛋白酶(PR)区和逆转录酶(RT)区的耐药突变株检出率均为2%,均属于低度传播范围(<5%).结论 北京市未经抗病毒治疗HIV-1感染者中出现PR和RT区的耐药突变株,传播水平尚处于低流行状态,现有的抗病毒治疗方案是可行的,治疗前尚不需要进行大规模耐药性检测.     

五日热巴通体重组外膜蛋白HbpA的研制和抗原性分析

为克隆并表达五日热巴通体外膜蛋白HbpA的基因,并对其抗原性进行初步分析,采用PCR方法从五日热巴通体基因组DNA扩增hbpA基因,将目的基因片段插入原核表达质粒pET32a（＋）,构建重组质粒pET32a（＋）-hbpA;将构建的重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）并诱导目的基因表达,以SDS-PAGE电泳以及免疫印迹实验分析表达的目的蛋白。SDS-PAGE电泳分析发现pET32a（＋）-hbpA转化菌高效表达一48kDa重组蛋白;免疫印迹分析发现该蛋白与其免疫血清发生强烈反应;间接免疫荧光分析发现该重组蛋白免疫血清能特异识别五日热巴通体。实验结果表明五日热巴通体外膜蛋白HbpA的基因已在大肠杆菌中高效表达。