Implant wear induces inflammation, but not osteoclastic bone resorption, in RANK(-/-) mice.

Signaling of RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B) through its ligand RANKL appears critical in osteolysis associated with aseptic loosening (AL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of RANK in a murine osteolysis model developed in RANK knockout (RANK(-/-)) mice. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) debris was introduced into established air pouches on RANK(-/-) mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Wild type C57BL/6 (RANK(+/+)) mice injected with either UHMWPE or saline alone were included in this study. Pouch tissues were collected 14 days after UHMWPE inoculation for molecular and histology analysis. Results showed that UHMWPE stimulation induced strong pouch tissue inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice, as manifested by inflammatory cellular infiltration, pouch tissue proliferation, and increased gene expression of IL-1beta, TNFalpha, and RANKL. However, the UHMWPE-induced inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice was not associated with the osteoclastic bone resorption observed in RANK(+/+) mice. In RANK(+/+) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation, a large number of TRAP(+) cells were found on the implanted bone surface, where active osteoclastic bone resorption was observed. No TRAP(+) cells were found in UHMWPE-containing pouch tissues of RANK(-/-) mice. Consistent with the lack of osteoclastic activity shown by TRAP staining, no significant UHMWPE particle-induced bone resorption was found in RANK(-/-) mice. A well preserved bone collagen content (Van Gieson staining) and normal plateau surface contour [microcomputed tomography (microCT)] of implanted bone was observed in RANK(-/-) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation. In conclusion, this study provides the evidence that UHMWPE particles induce strong inflammatory responses, but not associated with osteoclastic bone resorption in RANK(-/-) mice. This indicates that RANK signaling is essential for UHMWPE particle-induced osteoclastic bone resorption, but does not participate in UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory response.     

Reframing climate change as a public health issue: an exploratory study of public reactions

Background  

Climate change is taking a toll on human health, and some leaders in the public health community have urged their colleagues to give voice to its health implications. Previous research has shown that Americans are only dimly aware of the health implications of climate change, yet the literature on issue framing suggests that providing a novel frame - such as human health - may be potentially useful in enhancing public engagement. We conducted an exploratory study in the United States of people's reactions to a public health-framed short essay on climate change.     

132例男性不育患者遗传学病因分析

目的：对男性不育患者进行遗传学病因分析，并探讨其遗传效应。方法：采取132例男性不育患者外周血进行染色体核型分析。结果：132例男性不育患者中，染色体异常24例，染色体变异22例。其中大Y20例，47，XXY18例，45．XY，t(13；14)3例，小Y和46，XY，inv(9)各2例，46，XY，t(9；22)1例。结论：染色体异常是男性不育的重要原因，并建议男性不育患者进行基因诊断，以便确诊是否属于遗传病，为生育提供指导，避免盲目治疗。     

安吉复口服液的耐缺氧,耐低温和抗疲劳作用

采用缺氧、寒冷和负重游泳等方法,观察了安吉复口服液(0.025、0.1和0.4mg·kg~(-1),ig,qd×14d)对小鼠的耐缺氧、耐低温及抗疲劳作用.结果表明,安吉复口服液0.1、0.4mg·kg~(-1)可延长KCN中毒小鼠的存活时间及延长小鼠在寒冷环境中存活时间,而0.4mg·kg~(-1)可延长常压缺氧条件下小鼠存活时间及延长小鼠负重游泳时间.     

Changes of circulating TNF and its effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock in rabbits

Itiswellknownthatcertaincytokinesplayapivotalroleinthedevelopmentoftraumaandshock.Tumornecrosisfactor(TNF)isapolypep-tiedcytokinesynthesizedinmonocytesandmacrophagesinresponsetolipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation-TherelationshipbetweenTNFandendotoxic-septicshockbecomesafocusoftheresearchofshockmediators[1'2].Alargeamountofexperimentalandclinicaldata[3-9JsuggestthatTNFplaysanimportantroleinthepathogenesisofendotoxic-septicshockbuttheprecisemechanismandtherelationshipofTNFtoshockseverityrem…     

A comparative study of using comet assay and gammaH2AX foci formation in the detection of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced DNA damage.

Comet assay is a useful technique in the detection of DNA damages, particularly DNA strand breaks; and it has been utilized to show that a potent carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), can induce such damages. Recently, gammaH2AX foci formation has been suggested as another sensitive way to detect DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). However, there is no systematic comparison being conducted to evaluate the consistency of these two methods. Using MNNG as a model chemical, the sensitivity of neutral comet assay and gammaH2AX foci formation in detecting MNNG-induced damage was studied. It was found that at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 microg/ml, both methods can detect MNNG-induced damage in human amnion FL cells. However, at 0.1 microg/ml, comet assay revealed more percentage of cells with DNA damage than gammaH2AX fluorescence revealed. On the other hand, while gammaH2AX foci were readily formed at very early times by 10 microg/ml MNNG treatment, neutral comet assay did not detect any significant DNA damage at the same time points. In addition, 10 microg/ml MNNG induced a distinct whole nuclei staining pattern of gammaH2AX, a type of DNA damage which was not detected by neutral comet assay but could be detected by alkaline comet assay. Therefore, gammaH2AX may be used as a sensitive indicator for DNA damage.     

CT-guided stereotactic injection of radionuclide in treatment of brain tumors.

140 patients with brain tumor were treated by CT-guided stereotactic injections of radionuclides, such as Aurum-198 (198 Au), Phosphorus-32 (32 P) and Yttrium-90 (90Y). Of these patients aged from 3 to 67 years (average 37), 64 were male and 76 female. Astrocytoma was found in 75 patients, craniopharyngioma in 46, metastatic carcinoma in 7, meningioma in 5, germinoma in 4 and pituitary adenoma in 3. The tumors were located in the deep part or functionally critical area of the brain. After 267 times of injection of colloidal isotopes, no major adverse effects or complications occurred. Follow-up for 6 to 48 months showed improvement in symptoms in 104 (74.3%) patients and CT scanning showed the diminished tumors.

     

运动员Marfan氏综合征的医务监督

目的 :提高教练员和医生对Marfan氏综合征的认识 ,更好地预防运动性猝死。同时为掌握身材高大项目运动员身体形态测量的规律提供参考数据。方法 :通过对 4例确诊和疑似马凡氏综合征运动员从疾病发现、发展变化、死亡、转归过程的阐述、分析 ,提供了对确诊和疑似马凡氏综合征运动员的处理、治疗方案及注意事项。同时对现役国家男、女篮球队运动员进行了包括眼科、骨科、心电图、超声心动图等全面的体检 ,以排查马凡氏综合征。结果提示 :男性运动员主动脉根部大于 60mm、女性大于 5 0mm已具有猝死风险 ,应给予高度重视。篮球运动员臂展 >身高者占4 3 3% ,且男性臂展 /身高 >1 0 3者占 2 0 %。     

急性脊髓出血早期显微手术治疗

急性脊髓出血是早期脊髓实质内血管破裂而引起的出血，其特点为起病突然、症状重、预后较差。本组25例急性脊髓出血病例，早期应用显微手术治疗，现报道如下。     

关于口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验效果的分析

采用比较研究的方法进行了口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验，旨在观察比较网络教学环境、多媒体课件演示以及传统教师讲授等多种教学方式的教学效果，分析传统教学与网络教学模式下的教学环节、教学效果以及存在问题，对课件进行总体评价，对影响因素进行分析，对多媒体及网络教学模式作一初步的实践和探索。