学生课堂教学质量评价问题浅析

综合分析河南中医学院近三年以来学生课堂教学质量评价反馈的信息，认为引发课堂教学评价偏差的人为因素有评价者的能力水平、责任心、情感倾向。其对策为：改变教师的被动地位，进一步修订评价体系，加强对组织评价者的培训，强化临床课的教学，进一步提高学生的认识，跟踪调查课堂教学质量评价。     

Antidepressant Compounds Can Be Both Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory in Human Hippocampal Cells

Background:

The increasingly recognized role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and prognosis of depression has led to a renewed focus on the immunomodulatory properties of compounds with antidepressant action. Studies have, so far, explored such properties in human blood samples and in animal models.

Methods:

Here we used the more relevant model of human hippocampal progenitor cells exposed to an inflammatory milieu, induced by treatment with IL-1β. This increased the levels of a series of cytokines and chemokines produced by the cells, including a dose- and time-dependent increase of IL-6. We investigated the immunomodulatory properties of four monoaminergic antidepressants (venlafaxine, sertraline, moclobemide, and agomelatine) and two omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs; eicosapentanoic acid [EPA] and docosahexanoic acid [DHA]).

Results:

We found that venlafaxine and EPA were anti-inflammatory: venlafaxine decreased IL-6, with a trend for decreases of IL-8 and IP-10, while EPA decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-15, IL-1RA, and IP-10. These effects were associated with a corresponding decrease in NF-kB activity. Unexpectedly, sertraline and DHA had pro-inflammatory effects, with sertraline increasing IFN-α and IL-6 and DHA increasing IL-15, IL-1RA, IFN-α, and IL-6, though these changes were also associated with a decrease in NF-kB activity, suggesting distinct modes of action. Agomelatine and moclobemide had no effect on IL-6 secretion.

Conclusions:

These observations indicate that monoaminergic antidepressants and n-3 PUFAs have distinctive effects on immune processes in human neural cells. Further characterization of these actions may enable more effective personalization of treatment based on the inflammatory status of patients.     

MicroRNA-33/33* inhibit the activation of MAVS through AMPK in antiviral innate immunity

Innate immunity plays a prominent role in the host defense against pathogens and must be precisely regulated. As vital orchestrators in cholesterol homeostasis, microRNA-33/33* have been widely investigated in cellular metabolism. However, their role in antiviral innate immunity is largely unknown. Here, we report that VSV stimulation decreased the expression of miR-33/33* through an IFNAR-dependent manner in macrophages. Overexpression of miR-33/33* resulted in impaired RIG-I signaling, enhancing viral load and lethality whereas attenuating type I interferon production both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, miR-33/33* specifically prevented the mitochondrial adaptor mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) from forming activated aggregates by targeting adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), subsequently impeding the mitophagy-mediated elimination of damaged mitochondria and disturbing mitochondrial homeostasis which is indispensable for efficient MAVS activation. Our findings establish miR-33/33* as negative modulators of the RNA virus-triggered innate immune response and identify a previously unknown regulatory mechanism linking mitochondrial homeostasis with antiviral signaling pathways.     

卵巢上皮性肿瘤的MRI表现与病理对照分析

目的 :探讨MRI对卵巢上皮性肿瘤的诊断价值及与病理的相关性。方法 :回顾性分析经手术病理证实的40例卵巢上皮性肿瘤的MRI表现,观察肿瘤的部位、大小、形态、分隔及壁结节、囊实性、信号特点等,并与病理作对照。结果:病理结果示50个卵巢上皮肿瘤中,良性27个,包括3个浆液性囊腺瘤、1个浆液性腺纤维瘤、13个黏液性囊腺瘤、8个子宫内膜异位囊肿、2个Brenner瘤;7个为交界性,包括4个浆液性交界性肿瘤、3个黏液性交界性肿瘤;恶性16个,包括14个浆液性囊腺癌、1个透明细胞癌、1个浆液-黏液性癌。MRI术前诊断良、恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤病理类型的准确率分别为92.6%(25/27)、93.8%(15/16)。MRI诊断与病理诊断的符合率为84.0%(42/50)。结论 :MRI对卵巢上皮性肿瘤形态及信号特点的显示具有极大的价值,对其病理类型的鉴别诊断具有较高准确性,可为临床诊治提供充分的影像学依据。     

妊高征患者相关血管活性物质测定的临床意义

目的：检测妊高征患者血浆ET、CGRP及NO含量,探讨其与内皮细胞功能的关系及临床意义。方法：ET、CGRP及NO3项指标均采用放射免疫分析。结果：血浆ET、CGRP及NO水平正常妊娠组与正常非孕组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;轻度妊高征组与正常妊娠组比较也无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;中及重度妊高征两组则3项指标与正常妊娠组比较均存在极显著性差异（P均〈0．01）。结论：妊高征患者血浆ET、CGRP和NO浓度的变化,为研究其发病机理提供了有价值的实验室依据。     

中医临床研究过程质量控制评估指标的筛选及建立

目的建立中医临床研究过程质量控制评估指标,以实现对中医临床研究质量控制的量化评价。方法通过核心小组讨论、专家咨询法,同时结合实地检查发现的问题,在中期量化评估指标的基础上将指标体系扩充至21个,并依此指标体系进行数据采集。以所采集的数据为基础数据,根据专家主观权重意见结合数据特征,通过聚类分析、相关性分析等统计方法进一步筛选和优化指标,最后通过因子分析方法验证最终筛选指标理论层次构建的合理性及评估指标的可应用性。结果确定了14个量化评估指标进行质控量化评价。结论确定的评估指标在主观认识与数理依据之间基本一致,依此对中医临床研究进行质控评估是可行的。     

Different doses of partial liver irradiation promotes hepatic regeneration in rat

The aim of this study is to investigate whether partial liver irradiation promotes hepatic regeneration in rat. Left-half liver of rat was irradiated to 10 Gy, and the Right-half to 0, 5, 10 and 15 Gy, respectively. Then, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were evaluated on 0 day, 15-day, 30-day, 45-day and 60-day after liver irradiation. Next, the serum HGF, NF-κB and TGF-β1 levels were also analyzed on 60-day after liver irradiation. Lastly, the cyclinD1 protein expression was appraised by western blots on 60-day after liver irradiation. ALT, AST and ALP levels were reduced compared with that of controls. The serum HGF, NF-κB and TGF-β1 levels, and the cyclinD1 protein expression in liver irradiation group were increased compared with that of controls group. However, hepatic regeneration of higher dose-irradiated cirrhotic liver was triggered a more enhanced regeneration, compared with that of higher doses group. In summary, these results suggest that different doses of partial liver irradiation promotes hepatic regeneration in rat.     

脑梗死患者和老年精神病患者的血脂及尿酸结果比较分析

目的 探讨脑梗死和老年精神病患者的血脂和尿酸(UA)水平的差异.方法 测定分析131例脑梗死患者及130例精神病患者血清UA、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(APOA1)、载脂蛋白B(APOB)的水平.结果 脑梗死组的血清UA、TC...     

不同专科护理操作耗时的比较

目的探讨同一护理操作在不同专科的操作耗时是否具有差异,为寻找更合理的护理人力配备方法提供依据。方法随机抽取6个普通科室（普外科、神经内科、消化科、骨科、心内科、血液科）,及在每个备选科室随机抽取6名护士,每名护士对4个护理操作项目（口腔护理、静脉输液、静脉抽血、测血压）各操作5次（即每个操作项目在每个科室共测算30次）,测算4项常见护理技术操作所需时间。结果不同专科的护士进行口腔护理、静脉输液、静脉抽血3项护理操作的耗时比较,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论不同专科护理操作耗时不同,护理人力配备不应简单以床护比衡量,应该按不同科室实际护理时数配备护理人力。     

苯海索抗实验性心律失常作用

在五种实验性心律失常动物模型上,观察苯海索(THP)的抗心律失常作用,结果发现THP1.5 mg/kg、3 mg/kg可对抗氯化钡、哇巴因和结扎大鼠冠状动脉引起的室性心律失常及增加兔电室颠阈值;THP 3 mg/kg可对抗乌头碱引起的室性心律失常。提示THP有抗实验性心律失常作用。